scholarly journals Barley response to the soil reserve of sulphur and ammonium sulphate in short-term experiments under controlled conditions of cultivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matula
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Point Field ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plant Growth Chamber

The objective of the paper was to determine an appropriate concentration of available sulphur in soil for the initial growth of plants. Based on previous researches two methods of soil extraction were used to acquire information on the soil reserve: water extraction (H<sub>2</sub>O 1:5, w/v) and extraction in 0.5M ammonium acetate with addition of NH<sub>4</sub>F (KVK-UF soil test). Spring barley was used as a test crop to determine the soil reserve of sulphur and its response to sulphur addition to the soil. A collection of 48 samples of topsoil from agriculturally important localities in the CR was made up for this purpose and the parameters of the nutrient status of the soil were remarkably different. A set of soils was used to establish short-time vegetation experiments in a plant growth chamber according to the scheme: A) control &ndash; without sulphur application and B) response variant with application of 30 mg S/kg of soil in the form of (NH)<sub>4</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>; nitrogen in variant A was adjusted by application of NH<sub>4</sub>Cl. Index of nutrient efficiency (IE = Y/N where Y = yield and N = nutrient concentration in the plant) and boundary lines of the point field were used to evaluate the efficiency of barley nutrition with sulphur. The efficient soil reserve of sulphur for the soil test H<sub>2</sub>O (1:5) when the ICP analytical technique was used was indicated in the range of 8&ndash;11 mg S/kg; 6&ndash;10 mg S/kg for sulphate detection on a SKALAR analyser. The efficient utilisation of sulphur by barley plants for the KVK-UF soil test was in the range of 7&ndash;12 mg S/kg. The conversion of the KVK-UF S-test to the index of soil reserve of sulphur by adding up a variable portion of the CEC value to the value of sulphur determined by the soil test (0.0167CEC + 9.1667) improved the closeness of the relationship between soil and plant.

scholarly journals The influence of gypsum treatment on the acquirement of nutrients from soils by barley

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matula ◽  
M. Pechova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
T Test ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Growth Chamber ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Gypsum Application

The aim of the present paper was to determine the impact of gypsum treatment of soils on initial growth and nutrient uptake by spring barley. Topsoil from 36 different farmed fields was used for the research. Two variants were established for each soil: control &minus; without gypsum application, and response variant &minus; with the application of 3.3 ppm CaSO<sub>4</sub>.2 H<sub>2</sub>O. Barley was grown on these soils for 21 days in a plant growth chamber under controlled conditions of cultivation. Concentrations of nutrients (N, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&minus;</sup>, P, S, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B and Mo) were determined in the yield of barley shoot biomass. Paired t-test was used for the evaluation of results. After the gypsum treatment the yield of barley shoot biomass was significantly higher (by 15% on average) and nitrogen utilisation was better on all soils. The concentration of sulphur increased five times on average and Ca concentration increased by 22%. Significant increases were measured in Mg, Mn and Cu. Insignificant differences were recorded in K, Na, Fe and Zn. The uptake of anion nutrients (P, B and Mo) was influenced significantly. The concentration of P and Mo decreased on average by 28% and 31%, respectively. B concentration was higher by 10% on average.

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Initial Growth of Different Poplar Clones on Four Sites in Western Slovakia—Preliminary Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Heilig ◽  
Bálint Heil ◽  
Christoph Leibing ◽  
Heinz Röhle ◽  
Gábor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Short Rotation

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate four hybrid poplar comparison tests along a groundwater availability gradient in Western Slovakia. The weather fluctuation during the 3-year study period was described with indices, such as the Forestry Aridity Index (FAI) or the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The soil chemical and physical parameters were determined from soil samples from the two upper horizons. The nutrient status and supply of the trees were categorized based on leaf elemental analysis. Altogether, 21 different clones from 6 genomic groups were compared. The survival (SRV), diameter at breast height (DBH), and height of the trees (H) had been measured annually since the plantations were established, and from these measurements, mean annual height increment (MAHI) values were derived. These weather, edaphic, and clonal factors were evaluated and compared. Significant effects of the site (edaphic factors) were found as the primary source of variance and clonal differences as secondary sources of variance among the growth of trees. The interaction of site × clone effects was not significant. The results showed that for short rotation forestry (SRF), the site parameters—especially groundwater availability—are key factors.

A comparison of soil sampling procedures used to monitor soil fertility in permanent pastures

Soil Research ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
DK Friesen ◽  
GJ Blair
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Bray 1

Soil testing programs are often brought in disrepute by unexplained variability in the data. The deposition of dung and urine onto grazed pasture brings about marked variation in the chemical status of soils which contributes to this variability. A study was undertaken to compare a range of sampling procedures to estimate Colwell-P, Bray-1 P, bicarbonate K and pH levels in adjacent low and high P status paddocks. The sampling strategies used consisted of 75 by 50 m grids; whole and stratified paddock zig-zag and cluster (monitor plot) samplings. Soil test means for the various parameters did not vary among sampling methods. The number of grid samples required to estimate within 10% of the mean varied from 121 for Bray-1 P down to 1 for soil pH. Sampling efficiencies were higher for cluster sampling than for whole paddock zig-zag path sampling. Stratification generally did not improve sampling efficiency in these paddocks. Soil test means declined as sampling depth increased, but the coefficient of variation remained constant for Colwell-P and pH. The results indicate that cluster sampling (monitor plots) is the most appropriate procedure for estimating the nutrient status of grazed pastures. This sampling method enables a more accurate measure to be taken of the nutrient status of a paddock and should allow more reasonable estimates to be made of the temporal variations in soil test.

scholarly journals Barycenter Theorem in Phase Characteristics of Symmetric and Asymmetric Windows

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Jiufei Luo ◽  
Haitao Xu ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Xinyi Li ◽  
Song Feng
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Estimation ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Numeric Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship

Asymmetric windows are of increasing interest to researchers because of the nonlinear and adjustable phase response, as well as alterable time delay. Short-time phase distortion can provide an essential improvement in speech coding, and also has better performance in speech recognition. The merits of asymmetric windows in the aspect of spectral behaviors have an important function in frequency component detection and parameter estimation. In this paper, the phase response of windows were further studied, and the phase characteristics of symmetric and asymmetric windows are described. The relationship between the barycenter of windows in the time domain, and the phase characteristic at the center of the main lobe in the frequency domain, was established. In light of the relationship, an improved version of the asymmetric window- based frequency estimation algorithm was proposed. The improved algorithm has advantages of straightforward implementation and computational efficiency. The numeric simulation results also indicate that the improved approach is more robust than the traditional method against additive random noise.

scholarly journals Nutrient Management Effects on Wine Grape Tissue Nutrient Content

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
John L. Havlin ◽  
Robert Austin ◽  
David Hardy ◽  
Adam Howard ◽  
Josh L. Heitman
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
N Management

With limited research supporting local nutrient management decisions in North Carolina grape (Vitis vinifera) production, field studies (2015–17) were conducted to evaluate late season foliar nitrogen (N) application on leaf and petiole N concentration and yeast assimilable N (YAN) in the fruit. Foliar urea (1% v/v) was applied at different rates and application times beginning pre-and post-veraison. Compared to soil applied N, late season foliar N substantially enhanced petiole N and grape YAN. Smaller split N applications were generally more effective in increasing YAN than single larger N rates. These data demonstrate the value of assessing plant N content at full bloom with petiole N analysis or remote sensing to guide foliar N management decisions. Additional field studies (2008–11) were conducted to evaluate pre-bud soil applied phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) effects on petiole P and K nutrient status. Fertilizer P and K were initially broadcast applied (0–896 kg P2O5 ha−1; 0–672 kg K2O ha−1) prior to bud-break in 2008–09 and petiole P and K at full bloom soil test P and K were monitored for three to four years after application. Soil test and petiole P and K were significantly increased with increasing P and K rates, which subsequently declined to near unfertilized levels over the sampling time depending on site and P and K rate applied. These data demonstrate the value of annually monitoring petiole P and K levels to accurately assess plant P and K status to better inform nutrient management decisions.

scholarly journals EVALUASI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STATUS BEBERAPA HARA TANAH SETELAH 10 TAHUN DI BUKIT GAJABUIH PADANG

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Hermansah Hermansah ◽  
Juniarti Juniarti ◽  
Utami Maya Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
P Content ◽  
The Relationship

This experiment is about the evaluation of characteristic alteration of soil nutrients after ten years at tropical rain forest Bukit Gajabuih Gunung Gadut Padang. This experiment was conducted from November 2006 - April 2007.  This experiment is arranged based on anova design with three treatments which was based on three great groups of land ( oxic-dystroudept (eutriccc, aquic), oxic-dystroudept (xanthic), oxic-typic-dystroudept (xanthic)).  The purpose of this experiment was to study the alteration of soil fertility characteristics  (K, Ca, Mg, Na, P and C/N) in ten years period (1995-2005) in tropical rain forest at Bukit Gajabuih Padang, to observe vegetation variety alteration, and the relationship with the land fertility characteristics.  From the experiment was found that nutrient status of the soils altered after ten years (*1995-2005).  Available P content increased about 77%, exchangeable Na and K  increased 86,04% and 53.65%, respectively.  On the other hand, exchangeable Mg and Ca decreased 3,05% and 65,88%, respectively.  Land C/N ratio decreased about 21,39%. The experimental plot had low soil pH.Key Words: tropical rain forest, soil nutrient status

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Factors and Influence on Stock Return That Impact the Corporate Values

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariz Mohamad Iqmal ◽  
Ivan Gumilar Sambas Putra
Keyword(s):  
Stock Return ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Corporate Values ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to determine the influence of macroeconomic variables on stock return and its impact on corporate values. The population in this research is the sector of agriculture because based on the results of the sector's observation, the most severe decline in performance among others. Further sampling is done by the purposive sampling method, so from 22 companies that listings only 15 companies that meet the criteria. The analytical technique to be used in this study is to use a double linear regression analysis technique expanded with a pathway analysis method to obtain a comprehensive picture of the relationship between variables of one variable with other. We find is an inflation and interest rate negatively and significantly affecting the return of shares. The exchange rate positively and significantly affects the stock return and the influential stock return rate positively and significant to the corporate values.

scholarly journals Estimation of three-dimensional crustal movements in the 2011 Tohoku-oki, Japan earthquake from TerraSAR-X intensity images

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 7383-7408
Author(s):  
W. Liu ◽  
F. Yamazaki ◽  
M. Matsuoka ◽  
T. Nonaka ◽  
T. Sasagawa
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Time Period ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Intensity Images ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gps Observations

Abstract. The Tohoku-Oki earthquake on 11 March 2011 caused significant widespread crustal movements. In a previous study, we proposed a method for capturing two-dimensional (2-D) surface displacements from a pair of pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X (TSX) intensity images. However, it is difficult to detect three-dimensional (3-D) displacements from one pair of TSX images. In this study, three pairs of pre- and post-event TSX images taken on different paths were used to estimate 3-D crustal movements. The relationship between the actual 3-D displacements and the converted 2-D movements in the SAR images was derived based on the observation model of a SAR sensor. The 3-D movements were then calculated from three sets of detected 2-D movements that occurred within a short time period. Compared with GPS observations, the proposed method was found to be capable of detecting the 3-D crustal movements with sub-pixel accuracy.

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