scholarly journals The changes in microbial biomass C and N in long-term field experiments

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Černý ◽  
J. Balík ◽  
M. Kulhánek ◽  
V. Nedvěd
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
C And N

Microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon were studied in long-term field experiments with continuous cultivation of silage maize and with crop rotation. A positive effect of organic fertilizers on the microbial biomass nitrogen and the carbon content in soil was observed. Statistically significant effect of organic fertilizers on the higher content of microbial biomass C and N was established in the first year after their application. During the application the content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen decreased, but there were higher biomass C and N contents compared to control, even without statistical significance. A negative effect on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content in soil came from the application of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in experiments with maize. Statistically significant effect of mineral N fertilizers was observed after their application. In the course of the N fertilizers application the content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen was lower than control. No statistically significant effects of mineral nitrogen fertilizers on the microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon content were observed in field experiments with crop rotation over the eight years of experiment duration. The higher effect of mineral and organic fertilizers application on the changes in microbial biomass C and N was reported in experiments with continuous cultivation of maize compared to experiments with crop rotation.

scholarly journals Microbial responses to doses of cover plant straw in cerrado piauiense oxisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Priscilla do Nascimento Amorim ◽  
Cacio Luiz Boechat ◽  
Lizandra de Sousa Luz Duarte ◽  
Daniela Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
João Carlos Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Basal Respiration

Carbon and nitrogen from the soil microbial biomass play a significant role in the rotation of C and N, and promote nutrient cycling. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the soil microbial biomass with growing doses of cover plant straw species. The cover plants cultivated in the cerrado biome region were incorporated an Oxisol Ustox. The straw of each cover plant was incorporated at doses of 0; 10; 20 and 30 Mg ha-1. The soil basal respiration was determined by incubating, after 21 days. The microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were determined by the method the microwave irradiation. The microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents in extracts were determined by the wet combustion method and Kjeldahl-N. The metabolic quotient was calculated as the ratio between soil basal respiration rate and microbial biomass C, and the microbial quotient as the ratio between soil microbial biomass C and total carbon of soil. The soil microbial population measured by the attributes of quality responds to the addition of the of grass and legume straws incorporated to the soil; The treatments that cause the greatest stress to the microbial population, at 21 days, mediated by the metabolic quotient, are guandu-anão at a dose of 10 Mg ha-1; Guandu-anão and Guandu fava-larga at 20 Mg ha-1 and Brachiária at a dose of 30 Mg ha-1; The best result regarding microbial attributes of soil quality evaluated was observed with the incorporation of all doses of the straw of Crotalaria-ocroleuca.  

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Some Tea Soils of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
SM Abdur Rahman ◽  
ARM Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Biomass N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Tea Garden

Microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and their contribution to soil organic carbon and total N contents were assessed in soils collected from Bilashchara Tea Estate under Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), Srimangal of Moulavibazar district, and Sripur Tea Garden under Jaintapur of Sylhet district. Microbial biomass C and N in Bila shchara Tea Estate soils varied from 90.4-144.0 and 20.5-29.0 mg/kg soil, and that of Sripur Tea Garden soils varied from 120.7-362.0 and 26.6-59.5 mg/kg soil, respectively. Within the two tea growing areas biomass C/N ratios ranged from 3.35-6.12. Relationships between biomass C and organic carbon and biomass N and total N were positively correlated. The contribution of biomass C to soil organic C was 1.23%, ranging from 0.9-1.55% and the contribution of biomass N to total N content of the soils ranged from 1.19-2.89%. Keywords: Biomass carbon (C); Biomass nitrogen (N); Organic C; Total N; Tea soilDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4850 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 21-25

A comparison of the organic matter, biomass, adenosine triphosphate and mineralizable nitrogen contents of ploughed and direct-drilled soils

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Powlson ◽  
D. S. Jenkinson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen

SUMMARYSoil samples were taken from four field experiments on the growth of cereals in direct-drilled and in mouldboard-ploughed soil. When sampled, one of the experiments had run for 5 years, one for 6, one for 8 and one for 10 years. Sampling was to just below plough depth and was done on an ‘equivalent depth’ basis, i.e. the more compact direct-drilled plots were sampled more shallowly than the ploughed plots in such a way that both samples represented the same weight of soil per unit area. No significant differences in total nitrogen or in total organic carbon were observed between cultivation treatments at any of the four sites.In three of the four sites, there was no significant difference in microbial biomass carbon, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), or mineralizable nitrogen between directdrilled and ploughed soils. In the fourth, which contained more clay than the others, there was slightly more biomass carbon and ATP in the direct-drilled soil. As microbial biomass carbon (or ATP, which is closely correlated with microbial biomass carbon) responds more rapidly to changes in management than do total carbon and nitrogen, a change in biomass carbon should provide early warning of changes in soil organic matter, long before changes in total carbon and nitrogen become measurable. That no such change was observed, with one partial exception, is evidence that a change from traditional methods of cultivation to direct drilling has little effect on soil organic matter other than altering its distribution in the soil profile.

scholarly journals Reviews and syntheses: Soil resources and climate jointly drive variations in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in China's forest ecosystems

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 6751-6760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Zhou ◽  
C. K. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Quotient

Abstract. Microbial metabolism plays a key role in regulating the biogeochemical cycle of forest ecosystems, but the mechanisms driving microbial growth are not well understood. Here, we synthesized 689 measurements on soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and nitrogen (Nmic) and related parameters from 207 independent studies published up to November 2014 across China's forest ecosystems. Our objectives were to (1) examine patterns in Cmic, Nmic, and microbial quotient (i.e., Cmic / Csoil and Nmic / Nsoil rates) by climate zones and management regimes for these forests; and (2) identify the factors driving the variability in the Cmic, Nmic, and microbial quotient. There was a large variability in Cmic (390.2 mg kg−1), Nmic (60.1 mg kg−1, Cmic : Nmic ratio (8.25), Cmic / Csoil rate (1.92 %), and Nmic / Nsoil rate (3.43 %) across China's forests. The natural forests had significantly greater Cmic (514.1 mg kg−1 vs. 281.8 mg kg−1) and Nmic (82.6 mg kg−1 vs. 39.0 mg kg−1) than the planted forests, but had less Cmic : Nmic ratio (7.3 vs. 9.2) and Cmic / Csoil rate (1.7 % vs. 2.1 %). Soil resources and climate together explained 24.4–40.7 % of these variations. The Cmic : Nmic ratio declined slightly with Csoil : Nsoil ratio, and changed with latitude, mean annual temperature and precipitation, suggesting a plasticity of microbial carbon-nitrogen stoichiometry. The Cmic / Csoil rate decreased with Csoil : Nsoil ratio, whereas the Nmic / Nsoil rate increased with Csoil : Nsoil ratio; the former was influenced more by soil resources than by climate, whereas the latter was influenced more by climate. These results suggest that soil microbial assimilation of carbon and nitrogen are jointly driven by soil resources and climate, but may be regulated by different mechanisms.

scholarly journals Soil resources and climate jointly drive variations in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in China's forest ecosystems

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 11191-11216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Zhou ◽  
C. K. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Quotient

Abstract. Microbial metabolism plays a key role in regulating the biogeochemical cycle of forest ecosystems, but the mechanisms driving microbial growth are not well understood. Here, we synthesized 689 measurements on soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and nitrogen (Nmic) and related parameters from 207 independent studies published during the past 15 years across China's forest ecosystems. Our objectives were to (1) examine patterns in Cmic, Nmic, and microbial quotient (i.e., Cmic / Csoil and Nmic / Nsoil rates) by climate zones and management regimes for these forests; and (2) identify the factors driving the variability in the Cmic, Nmic, and microbial quotient. There was a large variability in Cmic (390.2 mg kg−1), Nmic (60.1 mg kg−1), Cmic : Nmic ratio (8.25), Cmic / Csoil rate (1.92 %), and Nmic / Nsoil rate (3.43 %) across China's forests, with coefficients of variation varying from 61.2 to 95.6 %. The natural forests had significantly greater Cmic and Nmic than the planted forests, but had less Cmic : Nmic ratio and Cmic / Csoil rate. Soil resources and climate together explained 24.4–40.7 % of these variations. The Cmic : Nmic ratio declined slightly with the Csoil : Nsoil ratio, and changed with latitude, mean annual temperature and precipitation, suggesting a plastic homeostasis of microbial carbon-nitrogen stoichiometry. The Cmic / Csoil and Nmic / Nsoil rates were responsive to soil resources and climate differently, suggesting that soil microbial assimilation of carbon and nitrogen be regulated by different mechanisms. We conclude that soil resources and climate jointly drive microbial growth and metabolism, and also emphasize the necessity of appropriate procedures for data compilation and standardization in cross-study syntheses.

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