scholarly journals Comparison of logistic, energy and exploitative parameters of compost and manure application by spreaders

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S33-S39
Author(s):  
Souček Jiří ◽  
Pražan Radek ◽  
Roy Amitava ◽  
Plíva Petr ◽  
Jelínek Antonín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This article deals with comparison of composts and manure use from the viewpoint of handling, transport and application on agricultural land. The published values were established by measurements under working conditions and afterwards converted on the basis of the content of nutrients defined in laboratory. Compost contained a greater share of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and had higher dry matter content and lower volume weight. Direct consumed energy expressed by recalculation of the consumed diesel fuel in case of composts moved from 5.12 MJ/kg (potassium) up to 16.19 MJ/kg (phosphorus). In case of manure it was higher and moved from 10.49 MJ/kg (nitrogen) up to 29.79 MJ/kg (phosphorus). The greatest share in energy consumption occupies transport, which was considered uniformly at the distance of 5 km. The study confirmed the feasibility of use of compost in agriculture as a partial substitute of conventional organic fertilizers; for its handling, transport and application the standard mechanization used for manure may be utilized.

scholarly journals RESPONE OF FORAGES BY ADMINISTRATION OF FERMENTED GOAT URINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Nevy Diana
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Urine goat fermentented can be used as organic fertilizers element hara on the ground For the agricultural crops and forage. Theof this study todetermine dosage of fermented goat urine onnumber of tillers, plant heightproduction of fresh dry matter,content of Phosphor and potassium on different forages (Pennisetum purpureum schumach), (Setaria sphacelata)and (Brachiaria brizantha). Experimental design usedfactorial with two factors, the first factor wasdose of fermented goat urine (liters /ha) composed of P0 = 0/ha,P1 = 10/ha, P2 = 15/haand P3 = 20/ha and the second factor was forages composed of R1 Pennisetum purpureum schumach, R2 Setaria sphacelataand R3 Brachiaria brizanta. The results showed that dosage of fermented goat urine and species of forage and interaction had significant effect (P<0.05) on number of tillers, plant height, fresh and dry weight production, phosphorus and potassium of plant.Increasing dosage, dosage fermented goat urine.Increase plantheight, fresh weight, dry weight production while, growth of Pennisetum purpureum schumach was higher than Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata. The optimum dosage fermented goat urine on Pennisetum purpureum schumach was 20 liters/ha while on Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata was 15 liters/ha. It is concluded that usage increase growth of forages and the best combination show on Pennisetum purpureum schumach with dosage at 20 liters /ha.Keywords: Forages, Urine goat fermented,  productivity.

Effects of NPK Fertilizer on Tuber Yield, Starch Content and Dry Matter Accumulation of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) in a Forest Alfisol of South Western Nigeria

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Guinea Yam

SUMMARYField trials designed to investigate the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield, starch and dry matter content of white guinea yam were conducted over a four year period in south western Nigeria. The optimum level of nitrogen for successful production of white guinea yam was 35 kg ha−1 in a forest Alfisol that had been under cultivation for at least two years. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium had no significant effect on starch content, but large applications of phosphorus and potassium significantly decreased dry matter accumulation.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of cucumber under no-tillage cultivation using rye as a cover crop

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jelonkiewicz ◽  
Andrzej Borowy
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Seed Sowing ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

In the first two years of study, method of cultivation did not affect the emergence of cucumber seedlings. In the third year, a drought occurring during the spring was the cause of poor seedling emergence on no-tilled plots. Six weeks after seed sowing, the shoots of cucumbers grown on the no-tilled plots were much shorter, especially in the last study year. At the time of cucumber seed sowing, no-tilled soil contained less phosphorus and potassium and in the middle of the fructification period the content of these elements in cucumber leaves was higher under no-tillage cultivation. Additional spring fertilization of rye with ammonium nitrate resulted in a higher N-NO<sub>3</sub> content in soil and later in a higher nitrogen content of cucumber leaves. The content of calcium and magnesium in soil and than in cucumber leaves was independent of the cultivation method. In the first two years, method of cultivation did not affect the yield of cucumber fruits and in the third year the yield was much lower under no-tillage because of poor seedling emergence. Moreover, in the third year the fruits were smaller and dry matter content of the fruit was significantly higer under no-tillage cultivation.

Some effects of fertilizer interactions on growth and composition of the potato plant

1940 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Knowles ◽  
J. E. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Constant Concentration ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Manurial Treatment

1. An account has been given of the percentages of nutrients in the dry matter and weights of nutrients in tops, tubers and roots of potato plants throughout growth under six fertilizer treatments.2. Manurial treatment affected dry-matter content of tops but not of tubers.3. Balanced manuring, as represented by N2PK treatment, resulted in tubers in which nitrogen content of dry matter declined with age. The effect of the K was to lower the nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium contents, to increase chlorine content of all parts of the plant, and to maintain a much higher and more constant concentration of potassium in tops and roots. With unbalanced manuring the nitrogen content of the tubers was more constant.4. Manuring with nitrogen only raised the content of potassium in the dry matter of all parts of the plant.5. Nitrogenous manuring, whether alone or in combination, raised the nitrogen content of the dry matter of all parts of the plant, a smaller proportion of which was present as protein. Calcium and chlorine contents were lowered.6. Phosphate manuring in conjunction with nitrogen depressed the concentration of potash in the dry matter of all parts of the plant.7. N2P plants were the first to attain their maximum uptake of all nutrients, namely, about 7 weeks from appearance above ground, at which time N2PK plants had absorbed only 40% of the quantities finally noted.8. No losses of elements were observed in the plants which received balanced manuring (N2PK), but losses of calcium and chlorine occurred in all other plants, amounting on the average to 25 and 37% respectively, but being highest in N2P plants. A significant loss of potassium occurred in N2 plants and a highly suggestive loss of phosphorus occurred in N2P plants.

INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON THE COOKING QUALITY OF POTATOES

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Sheard ◽  
G. R. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Summary Effect ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

In general, the dry matter content (as indicated by specific gravity) of Katahdin potatoes grown on seven different soils in 1955 and 1956 was sometimes increased by phosphorus, slightly decreased by nitrogen, and consistently decreased by potassium chloride fertilizer applications. On the other hand, the consumer preference index (based on a sensory evaluation of the texture, flavour and colour of the cooked tubers by a panel of three judges) was increased by both phosphorus and potassium chloride applications and was variable for nitrogen. Because potato cooking quality is the summary effect of the texture, flavour and colour of the cooked product, the consumer preference index should be a better measure of this quality than the dry matter content, which refers only to the textural component. The differences, i.e. increases or decreases in dry matter content or consumer preference index due to fertilizer treatment, were small in relation to those associated with differences in soils and weather. However, chemical fertilizers may have a marked effect on the yields obtainable.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and its dependence on the biochemical composition

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Е.В. Янченко
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Modern Varieties

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r­=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.

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