scholarly journals Integrated soil fertility and yield trend in response to long-term fertilisation under the Chinese double rice-cropping systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Qingyin Shang ◽  
Xiuxia Yang ◽  
Hui Yan ◽  
Xiaohui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

Soil fertility is fundamental in determining crop productivity and sustainability in farming systems. A long-term fertiliser experiment in Chinese double rice-cropping systems initiated in 2011 was used in this study to gain an insight into a complete estimating of soil fertility. The six fertiliser treatments included mineral fertiliser (NP, NK, and NPK), combined NPK with farmyard manure (NPKM) or crop straw (NPKS), and no fertiliser application as a control. Results showed that grain yield averaged 5.5–13.0 t/ha/year, and significant increasing trends were observed in the phosphorus-applied plots (NP, NPK, NPKM, and NPKS), but the treatments without phosphorus applied (control and NK) resulted in declining trends in both early- and late-rice yields. After long-term rice cultivation, the contents of total and available phosphorus significantly declined in phosphorus-deficient plots compared to other treatments. Regression analysis showed that the improvement in grain yields was positively correlated with the increased soil fertility over treatments. Relative to the NPK treatment, the NPKM treatment greatly enhanced soil fertility from 0.50 to 0.78, and particularly dramatically increased the content of available soil phosphorus. Therefore, the high grain yield and soil fertility can be simultaneously achieved by long-term balanced fertiliser applications in Chinese double rice-cropping systems.  

scholarly journals Crop Yield and Soil Fertility Status of Long-Term Rice-Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Nabin Rawal ◽  
Rajan Ghimire ◽  
Devraj Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Available Phosphorus

Balanced nutrient supply is important for the sustainable crop production. We evaluated the effects of nutrient management practices on soil properties and crop yields in rice (Oryza sativa L.) - rice - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system in a long-term experiment established at National Wheat Research Program (NWRP), Bhairahawa, Nepal. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block experiment with nine treatments and three replications. Treatments were applied as: T1- no nutrients added, T2- N added; T3- N and P added; T4- N and K added; T5- NPK added at recommended rate for all crops. Similarly, T6- only N added in rice and NPK in wheat at recommended rate; T7- half N; T8- half NP of recommended rate for both crops; and T9- farmyard manure (FYM) @10 Mg ha-1 for all crops in rotation. Results of the study revealed that rice and wheat yields were significantly greater under FYM than all other treatments. Treatments that did not receive P (T2, T3, T7, T8) and K (T2, T4) had considerably low wheat yield than treatments that received NPK (T5) and FYM (T9). The FYM lowered soil pH and improved soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P), and exchangeable potassium (K) contents than other treatments. Management practices that ensure nutrient supply can increase crop yield and improve soil fertility status.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 42-50

scholarly journals Long-Term Green Manure Rotations Improve Soil Biochemical Properties, Yield Sustainability and Nutrient Balances in Acidic Paddy Soil under a Rice-Based Cropping System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qaswar ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Dongchu Li ◽  
Shujun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Sustainability ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Winter Fallow

Cultivation of green manure (GM) crops in intensive cropping systems is important for enhancing crop productivity through soil quality improvement. We investigated yield sustainability, nutrient stocks, nutrient balances and enzyme activities affected by different long-term (1982–2016) green manure rotations in acidic paddy soil in a double-rice cropping system. We selected four treatments from a long-term experiment, including (1) rice-rice-winter fallow as a control treatment (R-R-F), (2) rice-rice-milkvetch (R-R-M), (3) rice-rice-rapeseed (R-R-R), and (4) rice-rice-ryegrass (R-R-G). The results showed that different GM rotations increased grain yield and the sustainable yield index compared with those of the R-R-F treatment. Compared with those of R-R-F, the average grain yield of early rice in R-R-M, R-R-R, and R-R-G increased by 45%, 29%, and 27%, respectively and that of late rice increased by 46%, 28%, and 26%, respectively. Over the years, grain yield increased in all treatments except R-R-F. Green manure also improved the soil chemical properties (SOM and total and available N and P), except soil pH, compared to those of the control treatment. During the 1983–1990 cultivation period, the soil pH of the R-R-M treatment was lower than that of the R-R-F treatment. The addition of green manure did not mitigate the soil acidification caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers. The soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents and stocks of C, N and P increased over the years. Furthermore, GM significantly increased phosphatase and urease activities and decreased the apparent N and P balances compared with those in the winter fallow treatment. Variance partitioning analysis revealed that soil properties, cropping systems, and climatic factors significantly influenced annual grain yield. Aggregated boosted tree (ABT) analysis quantified the relative influences of the different soil properties on annual grain yield and showed that the relative influences of TN content, SOM, pH, and TP content on annual crop yield were 27.8%, 25.7%, 22.9%, and 20.7%, respectively. In conclusion, GM rotation is beneficial for sustaining high crop yields by improving soil biochemical properties and reducing N and P balances in acidic soil under double- rice cropping systems.

Higher economic benefits and changes in soil fertility due to intensifying winter crop rotation in double-rice cropping systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 103773
Author(s):  
Qiaoyi Huang ◽  
Shuanhu Tang ◽  
Xiaolin Fan ◽  
Jianfeng Huang ◽  
Qiong Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Winter Crop ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

Long-term Productivity of Intensive Rice Cropping Systems on the Central Plain of Thailand

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Walcott ◽  
M. Chauviroj ◽  
A. Chinchest ◽  
P. Choticheuy ◽  
R. Ferraris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

SUMMARYThe productivity of seven multiple rice-cropping systems, utilizing a short-duration cultivar under irrigation, were assessed over 5 years. Systems of one, two and three crops a year were compared. Multiple cropping reduced grain yield, panicles m-2, total dry matter and nitrogen uptake per crop. However, the unfertilized three-crop-per-year system averaged 9·1 t grain, 17·1 t DM and 126 kg N ha-1 per annum, without showing a long term decline in productivity. Recovery and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer were generally low compared to other experiments, and were highest for the early dry season cropping period.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Management in Westsik’s Crop Rotation Experiment

2001 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
János Lazányi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Soil Fertility Management

The crop rotation experiment, established by Vilmos Westsik in 1929, is the best known and most remarkable example of continuous production in Hungary. It is still used to study the effects of organic manure treatment, develop models and predict the likely effects of different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields. Westsik’s crop rotation experiment provides data of immediate value to farmers concerning the applications of fertilisers, green, straw and farmyard manure. The experiment also provides a resource of yield, plant and soil data sets for scientific research into the soil and plant processes which control soil fertility, and into the sustainability of production without environmental deterioration. The maintenance of Westsik’s crop rotation experiment can be used to illustrate the value of long-term field experiments.

scholarly journals Simulating the Long-Term Effects of Fertilizer and Water Management on Grain Yield and Methane Emissions of Paddy Rice in Thailand

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Nittaya Cha-un ◽  
Amnat Chidthaisong ◽  
Kazuyuki Yagi ◽  
Sirintornthep Towprayoon
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

Rice is an important economic crop in Thailand. However, paddy rice fields are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, suitable crop management practice is necessary to reduce CH4 emissions while rice grain yield is maintained. This study aimed to evaluate appropriate options of fertilizer and water management practices for Thai rice cultivation with regards to improving rice grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions. The Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate grain yield and the emission of CH4 under the three fertilizer options (chemical fertilizer (F), manure (M) and chemical fertilizer + manure (F + M)) with three water management options (continuous flooding (CF), mid-season drainage (MD) and alternate wet and dry (AWD)) during the years 2011–2050. Rain-fed and irrigated rice cropping systems were used. A total of 24 sites distributed in 22 provinces were studied. The data sets of daily climate, soil properties, and rice management practices were required as inputs in the model. Model validation with observation data in a field experiment indicated that simulated grain yields (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.98, NRMES = 0.30) and cumulative seasonal CH4 emissions (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.74, NRMES = 0.43) were significantly and positively correlated with the observation. At the end of the simulation period (2046–2050), fertilizer management options of F and F + M gave more grain yield than the M management option by 1–44% in rain-fed rice cropping and 104–190% in irrigated rice cropping system, respectively. Among options, the lower CH4 emissions were found in AWD water management options. The appropriate options with regard to maintaining grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions in the long term were suggested to be F + M with AWD for the rain-fed rice, and F with AWD for the irrigated rice cropping systems.

Long-term effects of organic amendments on the rice yields for double rice cropping systems in subtropical China

2009 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidong Bi ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Guangrong Liu ◽  
Zuzhang Li ◽  
Yiren Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

scholarly journals Effect of three decade long application of chemical fertilizer and amendments on crop yield under maize - wheat cropping system in an acid alfisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Sharma ◽  
Vandana Kaushal ◽  
Gayatri Verma ◽  
S. P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Continuous Maize

The results on the effect of three decade long term application of chemical fertilizers and amendments on the yield of continuous maize-wheat crop rotation in an acid alfisol at Palampur revealed that continuous omission of essential nutrients in a maize-wheat sequence resulted in an appreciable decline in the grain yield of maize and wheat crops. A remarkable reduction in crop yield was noticed in plots where nitrogen was applied alone. Use of recommended level of N alone through urea had deleterious effect on crop productivity. The continuous exhaustionof native pools of K in 100% NP treated plots appreciably reduced percent grain yield. Application of farmyard manure (FYM) and lime along with NPK fertilizers increased the crop yield. The integrated use of optimal dose of NPK and FYM give better and more sustainable yields.

Organic manuring for soil biological health and productivity of a wheat - soybean cropping system in the Vertisols of central India

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. K. Behera
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Central India ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Long Term Study

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the dominant cropping system in the Vertisols of central India due to congenial climate, development of agro-industries, and export opportunities. Both are high-value crops, and raising them using organics may further improve produce quality and help in sustaining long-term productivity of the system. Information is lacking on how to sustain the system with the sole use of organics or biofertilisers in Vertisols. A long-term study was made during 1995–2002 at Indore, India, to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 organic manures [farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and vermicompost (VC) at varying rates] and biofertilisers (Azotobacter + phosphate solubilising bacteria) on productivity, grain quality, soil fertility, and profitability of a wheat–soybean cropping system. Grain yield of wheat was significantly increased with PM at 2.5–10 t/ha or FYM at 10–20 t/ha compared with the control. However, the highest productivity was obtained with PM at 10 t/ha, which even performed better than NPK, indicating that NPK fertilisers alone did not provide adequate and balanced nutrition for potential yield of the crop. Quality parameters of durum wheat, viz. protein content, hectolitre weight and sedimentation value, increased, while yellow berry content decreased significantly with PM at 2.5–10.0 t/ha compared with the control. Soybean yields were significantly influenced by the residual effect of organic manuring treatment applied to wheat. The treatment receiving PM at 10 t/ha produced the highest grain yield of wheat. However, this treatment could not produce a similar response in soybean yield due to production of excessive vegetative growth, adversely affecting grain yield. Superiority of PM over FYM, vermicompost and biofertilisers was evident in the overall profitability of the system. Various soil fertility parameters including chemical and biological properties showed conspicuous improvement over the initial status under the FYM and PM treatments. Microbial biomass C and activities of phosphatase and dehydrogenase were increased significantly with applications of manures. Sustainability yield index was maximum under PM at 5–10 t/ha, followed by NPK. Results suggested that application of PM at 5–10 t/ha to wheat was essential for improving productivity, grain quality, profitability, soil health, and sustainability of a wheat–soybean system.

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