scholarly journals Effect of enzymatic activity of diesel oil contaminated soil on the chemical composition of oat (Avena sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wyszkowski ◽  
J. Wyszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
High Doses

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 g/kg soil) on the yield and the content of macroelements in oat and maize cultivated in soil supplemented with nitrogen and sawdust. The correlation between the content of macroelements in the crops and the soil enzymatic activity was also determined. High doses of diesel oil had a definite negative effect on the content of all macroelements in oat, excluding phosphorus. The presence of diesel oil had a favourable effect on the accumulation of most of macroelements in the above-ground parts of maize. Nitrogen application to the soil caused an increase in the content of nitrogen and in the accumulation of calcium and magnesium in the above-ground parts of both crops as well as an increase in sodium content in maize. Sawdust applied to the soil had a considerably lower effect (several to less than 20%) on the content of macroelements in plants. A correlation between the activity of urease and acid and alkaline phosphatase in the soil and the content of macroelements in plants cultivated in diesel oil contaminated soil was observed. This correlation was positive only in the case of alkaline phosphatase activity and phosphorus content in oats.

Soil response to chemicals used in a field experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jezierska-Tys ◽  
A. Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The effect of chemicals (Reglone 200 SL and Elastiq 550 EC) on soil microorganisms and their enzymatic activity was estimated. The study was conducted in a field experiment which was set up in the split-block design and comprised three treatments. Soil samples were taken six times, twice in each year of study. The results showed that the application of chemicals generally had no negative effect on the number of soil microorganisms. The application of Reglone 200 SL caused an increase of proteolytic and ureolytic activity and affected the activity of dehydrogenases, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The soil subjected of Elastiq 550 EC was characterized by lower activity of dehydrogenases, protease, urease and alkaline phosphatase.

scholarly journals Dehydrogenases, urease and phosphatases activities of soil contaminated with fungicides

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jastrzębska ◽  
J. Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Dose Method ◽  
Negative Effect

A greenhouse experiment was performed to determine the effects of the fungicides containing cyprodinil as well as dimoxystrobin and epoxiconazole on the activity of soil enzymes: dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, depending on fungicide dose (0 &minus; control, 1 &minus; recommended dose, 10-fold dose and 100-fold dose), the method of soil management (soil cropped with spring barley cv. Start, and uncropped soil) and the time of fungicide action (14, 28, 42 and 56 days). The experiment was established on Eutric Cambisols with pH<sub>KCl</sub> = 6.7. It was found that the enzymatic activity of the soil was affected primarily by such factors as fungicide dose, method of soil management and time of fungicide action, and to a much lesser degree by the type of fungicide. Fungicide contamination of the soil significantly inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases and urease, and produced a significant negative effect (100-fold dose) on spring barley yield. A higher activity of dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase was recorded in the soil cropped with spring barley cv. Start.

scholarly journals The influence of diesel oil contamination on soil enzymes activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
J. Wyszkowska ◽  
J. Kucharski ◽  
E. Wałdowska
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Soil Enzymes Activity ◽  
Properties Of Soil

A pot experiment was conducted in order to examine the influence of soil contamination with diesel oil at 0.0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 ml/kg on the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The results indicated that diesel oil contamination of soil strongly inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases and soil urease, but had only a slight effect on the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The negative influence of diesel oil on the activity of dehydrogenases and urease was attenuated by soil inoculation with Streptomyces intermedius spores. The potential biochemical index of soil fertility computed from the soil enzymatic activity and carbon content was negatively correlated with diesel oil contamination and positively correlated with crop yield. Biochemical properties of soil were improved by oat cultivation.

scholarly journals Role of compost, bentonite and lime in recovering the biochemical equilibrium of diesel oil contaminated soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wyszkowska ◽  
M. Wyszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nitrification ◽  
Soil Enrichment ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The aim of the study was to determine how soil contamination with diesel oil affected biochemical properties of soil and to determine whether the application of compost, bentonite or lime could recover the biochemical equilibrium of soil. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Typical Eutric Cambisols soil formed from sandy loam was polluted with the following amounts of diesel oil: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 cm<sup>3</sup>/kg of soil. The results of the tests showed that the contamination of soil with diesel oil at the amount between 2.5 and 10 cm<sup>3</sup>/kg of soil disturbed the biochemical balance of soil. Irrespective of the application of compost, bentonite or lime and regardless which plant species was grown, diesel oil significantly (p = 0.01) stimulated the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, and alkaline phosphatase as well as the nitrification of soil. Enrichment of soil with compost, bentonite or lime stimulated the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase and nitrification. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease and nitrification of soil, in contrast to the activity of acid phosphatase, was higher in soil under spring oilseed rape than in soil under oats. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase in soil contaminated with diesel oil was positively correlated with the nitrification of soil. The correlation between the activity of acid phosphatase and soil nitrification was negative.

THE EFFECT OF BACTERIAL STRAINS ON THE ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF SOILS IN IMPACT ZONE OF ATAMAN LAKE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Zinchenko ◽  
◽  
E.S Fedorenko ◽  
A.V Gorovtsov ◽  
T.M Minkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Impact

As a result of the model experiment, an increase in the enzymatic activity of meadow chernozem of the impact zone of Ataman Lake with the introduction of a strains mixture of metal-resistant microorganisms into the soil was established. The experiment has shown that the application of bacterial strains increases the dehydrogenase activity of contaminated soil by 51.8% compared to the variant without remediation

ASSESSMENT OF GRAY FOREST SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Urease Enzyme ◽  
Natural Analogues ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
The Impact

On the grey forest medium-loamy soil of Vladimir Opolye region we have studied the impact of various methods of basic cultivation and fertilizer systems on the activity of redox and hydrolytic enzymes: ure-ase (nitrogen cycle), invertase (carbon cycle), phosphatase (phosphorus cycle), and catalase, involved in the cycle of carbon in the soil. The second humus horizon with capacity of 19-24cm was found at the depth of 20 - 21 cm on the experimental field. We have studied three modes of basic soil cultivation: an-nual shallow flat plowing (6-8 cm), annual deep flat plowing (20-22 cm), and annual moldboard plowing (20-22 cm) with normal and intensive application of fertilizers. The most enzymatically active layer is 0-20 cm. No relevant difference has been found in the level of enzymes activity between variants of basic soil treatment. Activity of enzymes increases with application of fertilizers on the intensive background. In agrogenic soils, soil enzymatic activity is lower on average by 16-22% compared to the soil of the res-ervoir. The biggest negative transformation of activity has been observed at the urease enzyme (up to 50%). With annual moldboard plowing on the intensive backgroung, enzyme activity has been close to the natural level – 98.4%. Catalise and invertase activity in this case were found to be higher (105 and 116% respectively) than that of natural analogues. Activity of enzymes increases with intensive application of fertilizers as compared with normal background. This is particularly evident with 6-8cm deep beardless plowing and 20-22cm deep moldboard plowing. In general, the obtained biochemical indicators charac-terize the highest environmental sustainability of this variation within our research.

scholarly journals Replacing Maize Grain with Ancient Wheat Lines By-Products in Organic Laying Hens’ Diet Affects Intestinal Morphology and Enzymatic Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6554
Author(s):  
Nicola Francesco Addeo ◽  
Basilio Randazzo ◽  
Ike Olivotto ◽  
Maria Messina ◽  
Francesca Tulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
By Products

The effects of replacement of maize grain with ancient wheat by-products on intestinal morphometry and enzymatic activity in laying hens was studied. Eighty hens were divided into two groups (40 each, 8 replicates, 5 hens/replicate) fed two isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. In the treated group, part of the maize was replaced by a mix of ancient grains (AGs) middling, in a 50:50 ratio of Triticum aestivum L. var. spelta (spelt) and Triticum durum dicoccum L. (emmer wheat). The AG diet affected the weight of all the large intestine tracts, decreasing the weight of caeca (p < 0.01) and increasing those of colon (p < 0.01), rectum and cloaca (p < 0.05). Villus height in the AG group was higher (p < 0.01) than the control for the duodenum and jejunum, while for the ileum, the control group showed the highest values (p < 0.01). The submucosa thickness was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum, while the jejunum for the AG group showed the highest (p < 0.05) submucosa thickness. The crypts depth was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum. Enzyme activity was enhanced by AGs (p < 0.01) in the duodenum. Regarding the jejunum, sucrase-isomaltase and alkaline phosphatase had higher activity (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) in the AG group. In the ileum, sucrase-isomaltase showed higher activity (p < 0.01) in the control group, while alkaline phosphatase showed the highest values (p < 0.05) in the AG group. Overall, results suggested that the dietary inclusion of AGs exerted positive effects in hens, showing an improved intestinal function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document