scholarly journals Effect of zinc application on quality traits of barley in semi arid zones of Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No, 7) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kinaci ◽  
E. Kinaci
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Semi Arid

Field experiments were carried out to study effects of zinc application on quality traits of barley in 1994–1996. The treatments were applied as 0 and 23 kg/ha of zinc sulphate and incorporated into soil before sowing. The experimental design was split plot with four replications. Barley genotypes responded differently to zinc application in relation to thousand grains weight, protein content and starch content. A significant increase was determined for thousand grain weight in cultivars Tokak 157/37 and Cumhuriyet 50, for protein content in Orza, Bülbül 89 and Anadolu 86, for starch content in Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50, while a significant decrease has been found for thousand grain weight in Karatay 94 and Obruk 86 and for protein content in Karatay 94, Cumhuriyet 50 and Tarm 92. When feeding and malting quality are considered together, Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50 are the most suitable cultivars for growing in zinc-applied soils of semi arid areas.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Variation of Barley Characteristics and the Potential of Local Origin Genotypes for Food Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylle Tamm ◽  
Inga Jansone ◽  
Sanita Zute ◽  
Ida Jakobsone
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental variation of yield and food quality characteristics (protein, starch, β-glucan and husk content, test weight and thousand grain weight) of covered and hulless barley genotypes in organic management conditions. Two different field experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, hulless barley genotypes 'Kornelija', 'Irbe', '1165', '1185' and the covered varieties 'Ansis' and 'Maali' were studied in two locations in Latvia and in one location in Estonia during 2014. 'Ansis', ‘Kornelija', '1165' and '1185' were included in the second experiment carried out at Stende during three sequential years (2011-2013). The effect of genotype, environment (location and year) and co-effect of these factors contributed significantly to the variation in yield and grain quality traits of the barley genotypes. As a result of experimental treatments grain yield and quality traits varied by all tested factors. There were considerable differences in impact of studied sources of variation. Grain yield was influenced more by environmental factors than by genotype. Impact of genotype was highest for husk content and test weight. Integral evaluation method was carried out for comparison of barley genotypes to identify the best ones by the lowest deviation from the desired value. The covered barley variety 'Maali' showed good adaptation to different environmental conditions, having good yield, β-glucan content and high thousand grain weight. The line '1165' and variety 'Kornelija' showed best results among hulless barley varieties

scholarly journals Effects of Iodine Agronomic Bio- fortification on selected Physiological Characteristics of Cassava in Calabar, Southeastern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Ansa, J. E. O ◽  
Binang, W. B.
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Tuber Protein ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Field experiments were conducted between November 2011 and May 2014 at the Crop Science Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Calabar, (Southeastern rainforest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria) to determine the effectiveness of Iodine agronomic fortification of cassava. The field experiment was a 2x3x4 factorial experiment arranged in randomized complete block design replicated three times, conducted using two cassava varieties,( TME 419 and TMS 30555); four iodine rates( 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0) kg/ha KI; applied at 8, 10 and 12 WAP. Physiological data were obtained by determination of Iodine content [in cassava tuber]; tuber cyanide content (HCN); Carbohydrate content of tuber; starch content of tuber and tuber protein contents. Iodine absorption and retention in cassava tuber flesh was significantly positively correlated with Iodine doses at the times of application (p0.05 and 0.01). TME 419 retained more Iodine in tissues than TMS 30555 and recorded highest correlation co-efficient at 10WAP. Iodine doses and time of application did not significantly control (P≥0.05) contents of cyanide, carbohydrate and starch in cassava tubers. Protein content was significantly varied in cassava varieties and rate and time of Iodine application influenced tuber protein content. TME 419 produced more tuber protein, Iodine doses of 2.5kg/ha KI and 0kg/ha KI had higher protein content than 5kg and 10kg/ha KI. Application at 8WAP and 10WAP were not significantly different. For favourable physiological cassava characteristics, 2.5kg/ha KI is recommended applied 10 weeks after planting (WAP).

EFFECT OF DATES AND RATES OF SOWING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF NARBON VETCH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northern Jordan

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.

scholarly journals Examination of the impact of sowing technology models on the ear, constiuent and yield parameters of the yield formation elements of maize hybrids of different genotypes

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Enikő Bene
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Group

Production year 2012 has been characterised by climatic extremities. The weather of this year can be considered very contradictory in terms of maize production. The droughty conditions of the winter and spring months had a negative effect on both germination and starting vigour. The favourable weather of May-July created ideal conditions for intensive growth and generative processes; however the lack of precipitation in August and September had a damaging effect on the development of yield composing elements and grain saturation processes as well. Under such circumstances, the sowing date models caused significant differences in the yield and quality of the hybrids belonging to different growth periods. The growing period of the maize hybrids has been shortened as a result of the unfavourable climatic conditions. Based on the trial results, it is verifiable that short growing period hybrids can be securely sown in draughty years even with a later sowing date, however using a later sowing date in the case of longer growth period hybrids may result even in a yield loss of 2–3 t ha-1. In the case of early and average sowing dates, with given yearly conditions the hybrids of the observed FAO 370-390 hybrid group provided the best result (12.40 t ha-1, 10.99 t ha-1), while in the case of the third, late sowing date the yield dominance of the FAO 290-350 hybrid group is the most significant (10.08 t ha-1). The analysis of the yield composing elements found that the P9578 hybrid has the highest shelling ratio, while its cob is the shortest. The P9494 hybrid has a high yield and the highest thousand grain weight, while the DKC 4983 has the longest cob and its thousand grain weight is above 300 g. The results confirm the fact that DKC 4590 has the highest yield potential and starch content, while in terms of oil and protein content the Szegedi 386 and NK Octet hybrids are the most important.

scholarly journals Effects of location and year on technological quality and pentosan content in rye

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
Technological Quality

Four year trials were undertaken to study the milling and baking rye quality, the hybrid variety Picasso and population varieties Dankowskie nowe and Selgo having been examined coming from three different locations of the Czech Republic. The variety significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) influenced the specific weight, grain size, amylograph maximum, and grain yield. The year of harvest significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) influenced the thousand grain weight, maltose content, protein content, amylograph maximum, and grain yield. The location significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) influenced the thousand grain weight, protein content, amylograph maximum, and grain yield. The highest pentosan content (average of the four years and three locations) was achieved by the hybrid variety Picasso (8.04%), which had the highest Falling number (232 s) as well as amylograph maximum (597 AU). The location Hradec nad Svitavou proved to be the best (8.02% pentosans) while the year 2005 (8.34% pentosans) was the most positive. A positive correlation (<i>P</i> < 0.05) was found between the pentosan content and the Falling number.

scholarly journals Agronomic bio-fortification of iron, zinc and selenium enhance growth, quality and uptake of different sorghum accessions  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tamoor Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Ahmad ◽  
Nasir Iqbal ◽  
Hasnain Waheed ◽  
Sajad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Sorghum Accession ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients

Agronomic bio-fortification is one of the main approaches for mitigation of micronutrient shortage in human populations and endorses sustainable production of food and feed. Studies related to agronomic bio-fortification of crops are mainly focused on single or rarely two micronutrients application, and no attempt has made to study the combined effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and selenium (Se) on forage sorghum. Therefore, this research was accomplished to evaluate the effect of Zn, Fe and Se bio-fortification on diverse sorghum accessions. The field experiments were conducted in a randomised complete block design with a split-plot arrangement. The treatments comprised of Zn (10 mg/L as ZnSO<sub>4</sub>∙5H<sub>2</sub>O), Fe (7 mg/L as FeSO<sub>4</sub>∙7H<sub>2</sub>O), Se (3 mg/L as SeSO<sub>4</sub>) and CK (control) were applied to five sorghum accessions: G<sub>1</sub> (Y-16), G<sub>2</sub> (YSH-166), G<sub>3</sub> (YSH-134), G<sub>4</sub> (YSS-98) and G<sub>5</sub> (YSH-132). According to our results, the sorghum accession G<sub>5</sub> showed superiority over all other accessions and produced maximum values of all growth and quality traits except grains number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight. All applied micronutrients (Zn, Fe and Se) enhanced the growth, quality and uptake of nutrients in sorghum accessions. However, Se recorded the highest plant height, stem diameter, 1 000-grain weight and Zn produced the maximum protein, oil and starch contents. Conclusively, it can be concluded that G<sub>5</sub> with Se must be used to achieve the optimum values of agronomic traits, while G<sub>5</sub> with Zn found more effective to improve the quality traits of sorghum.  

scholarly journals How can wheat landraces contribute to present breeding?

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S70-S74 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dotlačil ◽  
J. Hermuth ◽  
Z. Stehno ◽  
V. Dvořáček ◽  
J. Bradová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wheat Landraces ◽  
Obsolete Cultivars

Two sets of winter wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars were studied in three-year field experiments, and compared with 3 modern control cultivars. The higher spike productivity in modern cultivars could mainly be attributed to an increased number of grains in a spikelet and harvest index (HI), whereas thousand grain weight (TGW) has only a slight effect. Landraces and old cultivars proved to have a higher content of crude protein. Spike productivity characteristics, except for TGW, showed a negative correlation with the crude protein content in the grain. The number of kernels in a spikelet strongly affected the spike’s productivity, whereas the TGW has only half the effect. The mean yield of four modern cultivars was 51% higher than the mean yield of 31 landraces and obsolete cultivars. Regression analysis proved the much stronger response of modern cultivars to environment (<I>b </I>= 1.63), then was the response of old cultivars (<I>b </I>= 0.87). Different responses to environments were found within the set of 31 landraces, as well. We could also identify potentially valuable donors of earliness and winter hardiness among the old cultivars. High crude protein content (up to 18%), and other valuable quality characteristics, were rather frequent. In both sets, HMW <I>Glu</I>-subunits were described, and we have additionally studied 67 selected lines. Among them, 10 lines showed the crude protein content of 17.5% to 18.3% (where the gluten index and Zeleny test varied from 28.5 to 54.0 and 36.8 to 61.7, respectively). High values of all quality characteristics showed lines gained from the cultivars Mindeszentpusztai (HUN), Szekacz 19 (HUN), Bartweizen linie a (AUT), Viglašská červenoklasá (CZE), as well as some others.

Effect of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J. Davis) infection on some quality characteristics of barley

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Khan ◽  
GB Crosbie
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Percentage Protein

The effect of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J. Davis) infection on 1000-grain weight, percentage of plump grains, test weight, grain brightness and protein content of barley cultivars was examined in 6 field experiments. Thousand-grain weight was most adversely affected by scald, showing reductions ranging from 4 to 19% due to scald infection. Percentage of the plump grains was reduced by 3 to 30% depending upon the variety. Percentage protein was also reduced in 2 instances but test weight was not affected. In 2 experiments, grain brightness was greater in the nil fungicide plots than plots treated with fungicide. Reductions in quality characteristics were generally associated with grain yield losses. Implications in relation to quality receival standards are discussed.

scholarly journals Association between Grain Size and Shape and Quality Traits, and Path Analysis of Thousand Grain Weight in Iranian Bread Wheat Landraces from Different Geographic Regions

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem ABDIPOUR ◽  
Mohsen EBRAHIMI ◽  
Ali IZADI-DARBANDI ◽  
Anna Maria MASTRANGELO ◽  
Goodarz NAJAFIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Grain Size And Shape

Grain characteristics, particularly grain weight, grain morphology, and grain protein content (GPC), are important components of grain yield and quality in wheat. A set of 98 bread wheat landraces from different geographic regions of Iran were used across 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to determine the phenotypic diversity and relations between thousand grain weight (TGW), grain morphology and grain quality. A high-throughput method was used to capture grain size and shape. The genotypes were significantly different (P < 0.001) for all traits which reflects the high levels of diversity. A moderate to high broad sense heritability was found for all traits and ranged between 0.68 and 0.95 for grain yield and factor from density (FFD), respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between TGW and grain size (or shape) exception of aspect ratio (AR) and roundness. However, grain quality traits, especially GPC had significant negative correlation with TGW. Based on stepwise regression analysis by taking TGW as dependent variable, grain volume, FFD, width, perimeter and Hardness Index (HI) were recognized as the most important traits and explained more than 99.3% of total variation of TGW. The path analysis revealed that FFD has maximum direct effect on TGW followed by volume, whereas perimeter and width had relatively less direct effect on TGW. According to cluster analysis, landraces separated into 5 clusters, and cluster III and IV had the maximum and minimum average for the most traits, respectively. Our study provides new knowledge on the relations between TGW, grain morphology and grain quality in bread wheat, which may aid the improvement of wheat grain weight trait in further research.

scholarly journals GRAIN QUALITY OF MUTANT LINES INDUCED IN MALTING BARLEY VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
N. Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Forty-three mutant lines selected on the base of their high grain yield along with parent varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were grown in field trials at the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat in three consecutive years. Eight physical and chemical characteristics of grain related to the grain quality of malting barley were measured. There was considerable variation among barley mutant lines for all studied traits. Mutant lines with higher extract content, grain uniformity, 1000 grain weight, and lower protein content in grain compared to parent varieties were found. The correlations among traits showed that improvement of extract content of mutant lines was associated with increased grain uniformity, starch content, grain size, and 1000 grain weight and reduced protein content. The results from cluster analysis indicated that mutants originated from the same parent were grouped into different clusters. Therefore, the sodium azide treatment effectively induced diverse types of changes in the grain characteristics.

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