scholarly journals The impact of weather conditions on alpha-acid content in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cv. Aurora

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 519-525
Author(s):  
Douglas MacKinnon ◽  
Viljem Pavlovič ◽  
Barbara Čeh ◽  
Boštjan Naglič ◽  
Martin Pavlovič
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
The Impact

The influence of four main weather attributes on the content of alpha-acids of the hop cv. Aurora for the period 1994–2019 was studied. By analysing correlation coefficients, specific times of the year when the weather conditions affect the alpha-acid content with the goal of creating a forecasting model in Slovenia were identified. The most significant periods of weather that impacted the alpha-acid contents throughout the growing time of year are recognised as attributes of temperatures (T), rainfall (R) and sunshine (S) calculated from the 25<sup>th</sup> to 30<sup>th</sup> week (T<sub>2530</sub>, r = –0.78, P &lt; 0.01; R<sub>2529</sub>, r = 0.72, P &lt; 0.01 and S<sub>2529</sub>, r = –0.81, P &lt; 0.01) and attributes of relative humidity (RH) from the 27<sup>th</sup> to 32<sup>nd</sup> week (RH<sub>2732</sub>, r = 0.82, P &lt; 0.01). T<sub>2530</sub> stands for the amount of active temperatures from June 18 to July 29. Likewise, R<sub>2530</sub> matches to the precipitation (in mm or L/m<sup>2</sup>) during the same time period.  

scholarly journals   Environment and weather influence on quality and market value of hops

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pavlovic ◽  
M. Pavlovic ◽  
A. Cerenak ◽  
I.J. Kosir ◽  
B. Ceh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Sum Of Active Temperatures

The paper analyses the influence of four main weather parameters on alpha-acid contents for the main hop variety Aurora (Super Styrian Aurora) in Slovenian production for the time period 1994&ndash;2009. Through inspection of correlation coefficients, it tries to find specific times of the year when the weather conditions affect the alpha-acid content with a view to prediction in Slovenia. The most significant time periods of weather that influenced the alpha-acid contents of the Aurora variety during the growing season are identified as attributes of temperatures calculated from the interval from 25<sup>th</sup> to 30<sup>th</sup> week (T<sub>2530</sub>, r = &ndash;0.88, P &lt; 0.01), as attributes of rainfall and sunshine from the interval from 25<sup>th</sup> to 29<sup>th</sup> week (R<sub>2529</sub>, r = 0.85, P &lt; 0.01 and S<sub>2529</sub>, r = &ndash;0.75, P &lt; 0.01) and attributes of relative humidity from the interval from 27<sup>th</sup> to 32<sup>nd</sup> week (RH<sub>2732</sub>, r = 0.71, P &lt; 0.01). The attribute T<sub>2530</sub> represents the sum of active temperatures from June 18 to July 29 of that year. Similarly, the attribute R<sub>2529</sub> corresponds to the rainfall (in mm or L/m<sup>2</sup>) that fell during the June 18 to July 22 etc. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Measuring the Impact of Statistical Techniques for Computation of Weighting Factors in Avalanche Forecasting Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-891
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Avalanche Forecasting ◽  
Weighting Factors ◽  
The Impact

Avalanche forecasting is an important measure required for the safety of the people residing in hilly regions. Snow avalanches are caused due to the changes that occur in the snow and weather conditions. The prominent changes, that cause the variations which further culminate into an avalanche, can be given higher significance in the forecasting model by application of appropriate weights. These weights are decided based on the relation of each weather parameter to snow avalanche occurrence by the forecaster with the help of historical data. A method is proposed in the current work that can help in removing this subjectivity by using correlation coefficients. Present work explores the use of Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Kendall Tau correlation coefficient to obtain the weighting factors for each parameter used for avalanche forecasting. These parameters are further used in the cosine similarity based nearest neighbour model for avalanche forecasting. Bias and Peirce’s Skill Score are performance measures used to evaluate the outcome of the experimental work.

scholarly journals Prediction model for deoxynivalenol in wheat grain based on weather conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S33-S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Váňová ◽  
K. Klem ◽  
P. Matušinský ◽  
M. Trnka
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Environmental factors influence the growth, survival, dissemination and hence the incidence of <i>Fusarium</i> fungi and the disease severity. The knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative effects of environmental factors and growing practices on initial infection, disease development and mycotoxin production is important for prediction of disease severity, yield impact and grain contamination with mycotoxins. The objective of this study was to design a model for prediction of deoxynivalenol (DON) content in winter wheat grain based on weather conditions, preceding crop and soil cultivation. The grain samples from winter wheat field experiments conducted in 2002–2005 to determine the effect of preceding crop in combination with soil cultivation on Fusarium head blight infection were analysed for the DON content. Average daily weather data (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity) were collected using an automated meteorological station and analysed separately for April, May and a 5 days period prior to the beginning of flowering and 5 days after the beginning of flowering. The correlation coefficients of DON content to weather data were calculated for monthly data prior to heading and 5 days data prior to and after the beginning of anthesis. Highest positive correlation coefficients were found for sum of precipitation in April, average temperature in April, and sum of precipitation 5 days prior to anthesis. Significant negative correlation was found for average temperature in May and average relative humidity 5 days prior to anthesis. Using the data from this experiment, we trained neural networks for prediction of deoxynivalenol content on the basis of weather data and preceding crop. The most appropriate neural network model was then coupled with AgriClim model to simulate spatial and temporal variation of DON content in wheat samples for south Moravia and north-east Austria area.

Identification of QTLs for alpha acid content and yield in hop (Humulus Lupulus L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 170 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Cerenak ◽  
Zlatko Satovic ◽  
Jernej Jakse ◽  
Zlata Luthar ◽  
Klaudija Carovic-Stanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L

scholarly journals The association between COVID-19 data and meteorological factors in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supari ◽  
Danang Eko Nuryanto ◽  
Amsari Muzakir Setiawan ◽  
Ardhasena Sopaheluwakan ◽  
Furqon AlFahmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Daily Data

Abstract On March 2, 2020, the first Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) case was reported in Jakarta, Indonesia. One and half month later (15/05/2020), the cumulative number of infection cases was 16496 with a total of 1076 mortalities. This study is aimed to investigate the possible role of weather in the early cases of COVID-19 incidence in six selected cities in Indonesia. Daily data of temperature and relative humidity from weather stations nearby each city were collected during the period 3 March - 30 April 2020, together with data of COVID-19 cases. Correlation tests and regression analysis were performed to examine the association of those two data series. In addition, we analysed the distribution of COVID-19 with respect to weather data to estimate the effective range of weather data supporting COVID-19 incidence. Our results reveal that weather data is generally associated with COVID-19 incidence. The daily average temperature (T-ave) and relative humidity (RH) presents significant positive and negative correlation with COVID-19 data, respectively. However, the correlation coefficients are weak with the strongest correlations found at 5 day lag time i.e. 0.37 (-0.41) for T-ave (RH). The regression analysis consistently confirmed this relation. The distribution analysis reveals that the majority of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia occurred in the daily temperature range of 25-31oC and relative humidity of 74-92%. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 incidence in Indonesia has a weak association with weather conditions. Therefore, non-meteorological factors seem to play a larger role and should be given greater consideration in preventing the spread of COVID-19.

Impact of weather conditions on variability in sunflower yield over years in eastern parts of Croatia and Hungary

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mijić ◽  
I. Liović ◽  
V. Kovačević ◽  
P. Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Important Field ◽  
The Impact

Oil crops constitute the second most important field crops worldwide and are important both in Hungary and Croatia. Among the oil crops, sunflower has a significant role in Hungary (∼550,000 ha) and Croatia (∼30,000 ha). The main aim of this study was to compare sunflower yields and their variation over years (2000–2007) in the eastern parts of Hungary and Croatia, with the emphasis on the impact of rainfall and temperature regime, and using a rain factor (RFm) calculated monthly as the quotient of precipitation (mm) and mean air temperatures (°C). The results showed that the year had a different effect on the yield of sunflower in the different counties of eastern Hungary and Croatia, because of their different soil conditions. The results proved that the highest yields of sunflower (2140–2710 kg ha−1) were obtained in years when the rainfall before and during the vegetation period was 110–130 mm and 350–420 mm, which was very similar to the 30-year mean data (82–108 mm and 305–346 mm, respectively). The strongest correlations (positive and negative r values) between meteorological data and sunflower yields were found in counties with unfavourable soil conditions. In counties with better soil fertility the correlation coefficients were smaller, indicating that better soil conditions can compensate for unfavourable year effects (especially temporary shortage of rainfall or unfavourable rainfall distribution).

scholarly journals Transfer of the hop (Humulus lupulus L.) alpha-bitter acid content to progenies of F1 and I1 generations in selected parental components

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
V. Nesvadba ◽  
J. Černý ◽  
K. Krofta
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Bitter Acid ◽  
F1 Generation

In the period 1999&ndash;2001 the transfer of a-acid content from selected parents to their progenies was evaluated. Four female plants (English varieties Target and Yeoman, German variety Magnum and Czech variety Premiant) and four male plants from the gene resources of male hops (82/6, 86/4, 87/3, clone 72) were chosen as the initial material. Progenies of F1 generation of Magnum and Yeoman show significantly higher a-acid content compared to the progenies of other female hops. Progenies of F1&nbsp;generation of male plants 86/4 and 87/3 show significantly higher a-acid content compared to the progenies of other male plants. Progenies of I1&nbsp;generation of Magnum variety and male 86/4 contain the highest amount of a-acids. Progenies of F1&nbsp;generation have higher a-acid content at the 99% probability level compared to the progenies of I1&nbsp;generation. Progenies of both generations show nearly the same variability.

Genetic mapping of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) applied to the detection of QTLs for alpha-acid content

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Cerenak ◽  
Zlatko Satovic ◽  
Branka Javornik
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Bitter Acid ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Map Distance

The map locations and effects of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were estimated for alpha-acid content in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite marker (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) genetic linkage maps constructed from a double pseudotestcross. The mapping population consisted of 111 progeny from a cross between the German hop cultivar 'Magnum', which exhibits high levels of alpha-acids, and a wild Slovene male hop, 2/1. The progeny segregated quantitatively for alpha-acid content determined in 2002, 2003, and 2004. The maternal map consisted of 96 markers mapped on 14 linkage groups defining 661.90 cM of total map distance. The paternal map included 70 markers assigned to 12 linkage groups covering 445.90 cM of hop genome. QTL analysis indicated 4 putative QTLs (alpha1, alpha2, alpha3, and alpha4) on linkage groups (LGs) 03, 01, 09, and 03 of the female map, respectively. QTLs explained 11.9%–24.8% of the phenotypic variance. The most promising QTL to be used in marker-assisted selection is alpha2, the peak of which colocated exactly with the AFLP marker. Three chalcone synthase-like genes (chs2, chs3, and chs4) involved in hop bitter acid synthesis mapped together on LG04 of the female map. Saturation of the maps, particularly the putative QTL regions, will be carried out using SSR markers, and the stability of the QTLs will be tested in the coming years.Key words: Humulus lupulus L., genetic maps, alpha-acid content, QTLs.

scholarly journals Correlation between equine colic and weather changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. DIAKAKIS (Ν. ΔΙΑΚΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
P. TYRNENOPOULOU (Π. ΤΥΡΝΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Equine Colic

The objective of this study is to evaluate the possible correlation between relative humidity/temperature change and equine colic in a specific region of Northern Greece. A study population of 823 adult horses stabled in a 40-km-radius around Thessaloniki, Northern Greece were included in this study; a total of 245 horses, suffering from several types of colic between January 2010 and December 2012 were selected. Metereological data, including temperature (oC) and relative humidity (%) were obtained as 3-hour periodic measurements by the Hellenic National Metereological Service. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman correlation coefficients in order to assess the relationship between temperature changes, relative humidity changes and equine colic. A positive correlation between temperature change and equine colic was detected during March for the whole 3-year period, while positive correlation was presented during several months of late spring and late fall in specific years. No correlation between changes in relative humidity values and colic was shown. Moreover, a negative correlation between relative humidity and temperature, for temperatures >10°C (rho=-0.568, p<0.01) was found, while, a positive correlation (rho=0.650, p<0.01) between daily temperature difference (ΔT) and relative humidity difference was detected. In this study, abrupt temperature change was proven as a significant risk factor in the development of colic during late spring and fall, in Northern Greece, requiring more vigilant horse owners and equine practitioners. These results suggest that in the future it may be possible to modulate management taking into consideration the current weather conditions, in order to prevent colic episodes.

scholarly journals Weather Conditions and COVID-19 Incidence in a Cold Climate: A Time-Series Study in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Heibati ◽  
Wenge Wang ◽  
Niilo R. I. Ryti ◽  
Francesca Dominici ◽  
Alan Ducatman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Time Period

Background: The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally at an accelerated rate. There is some previous evidence that weather may influence the incidence of COVID-19 infection. We assessed the role of meteorological factors including temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) considering the concentrations of two air pollutants, inhalable coarse particles (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the incidence of COVID-19 infections in Finland, located in arctic-subarctic climatic zone.Methods: We retrieved daily counts of COVID-19 in Finland from Jan 1 to May 31, 2020, nationwide and separately for all 21 hospital districts across the country. The meteorological and air quality data were from the monitoring stations nearest to the central district hospital. A quasi-Poisson generalized additional model (GAM) was fitted to estimate the associations between district-specific meteorological factors and the daily counts of COVID-19 during the study period. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results.Results: The incidence rate of COVID-19 gradually increased until a peak around April 6 and then decreased. There were no associations between daily temperature and incidence rate of COVID-19. Daily average RH was negatively associated with daily incidence rate of COVID-19 in two hospital districts located inland. No such association was found nationwide.Conclusions: Weather conditions, such as air temperature and relative humidity, were not related to the COVID-19 incidence during the first wave in the arctic and subarctic winter and spring. The inference is based on a relatively small number of cases and a restricted time period.

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