scholarly journals The development of above-ground biomass in unmanaged grasslands and its influence on the leakage of water and the amount of elements found

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fiala
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Lysimetric Waters

The influence of various forms of farming on unmanaged grasslands was monitored with regard to the accumulation of the above-ground biomass (litter + mulching) and its influence on the leakage of rainfall and the amount of elements in lysimetric waters. In 2001&ndash;2005, the highest accumulation was observed in variants 1&times; mulched in the later term and on green fallow (on average 2.11&ndash;1.13 t of dry matter/ha). In comparison with the control site, a conclusive increase always occurred. An interannual increase of dry matter amounted to 0.4&ndash;5.2% of the total above-ground biomass. A negative correlative dependency on rainfall leakage on this material was discovered; at a&nbsp;depth of 0.4 m 4&ndash;10% of the rainfall leaked, but it had a significant influence on the wash out of Ca, Mg and S. The leakage of water affected a wash out of N<sub>min</sub>, P, K, Ca, Mg and S more than the weight of dry matter of the above-ground biomass. With the exception of P, the elements showed a downward tendency over five years. The above-mentioned forms of farming annually increased the accumulation of the above-ground biomass by 0.05&ndash;0.16 t of dry matter/ha; however, they do not endanger underground waters by washing out minerals. After a five-year period, a disturbance of the ecological stability of grassland did not occur.

scholarly journals Estimativa do conteúdo de nutrientes em um povoamento jovem de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. estabelecido na região sul do Brasil

FLORESTA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCOS VINICIUS WINCKLER CALDEIRA ◽  
MAURO VALDIR SCHUMACHER ◽  
ELIAS MOREIRA Dos SANTOS ◽  
NEURA TEDESCO ◽  
JOSANI CARBONERA PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
High Acidity ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Young Stand ◽  
Black Wattle ◽  
Lake George

No presente trabalho foi quantificado o conteúdo de nutrientes em uma procedência australiana de Lake Geoge Bunge Dore, acácia-negra, (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.), aos 2,4 anos de idade. Esse material encontra-se estabelecido em solos de baixa fertilidade, com acidez elevada, localizado na Fazenda Menezes, no Distrito de Capão Comprido, município de Butiá, RS. Foram selecionados um total de 9 árvores para comporem as amostras. A amostragem constituiu na individualização dos compartimentos da biomassa aérea (folhas, galhos vivos, galhos mortos, casca e madeira) visando à determinação da matéria seca e do conteúdo de nutrientes. As quantidades de nutrientes contidas na biomassa total desse material foram de 334,37 kg.ha-1 de N; 23,65 kg.ha-1 de P; 259,67 kg.ha-1 de K; 107,73 kg.ha-1 de Ca; 35,09 kg.ha-1 de Mg e 21,43 kg ha-1 de S. Quanto a distribuição nos compartimentos, 61,07% da matéria seca foi alocada para as folhas e galhos (vivos e mortos), contento 73% do N; 72,4% do P; 64% do K; 55% do Ca, 66% do Mg e 75% do S do total existente na parte aérea. O componente fuste (casca e madeira) acumulou 27% do N; 27,6% do P; 36% do K; 45% do Ca, 34% do Mg e 25% do S. Estimation of content of nutrients in a young stand of Acacia mearnsii De Wild. established in the southern of Brazil Abstract The content of nutrients in a black wattle australian Lake George Bunge Dore provenance (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) with 2.4 years old was quantified. The stands are established in low fertility soils with high acidity at Menezes Farm, Capão Comprido District, municipality of Butiá, RS. Nine trees were selected to compound the samples. The sampling consisted on separating the above-ground biomass compartments (leaves, live branches, dead branches, bark and wood) to determine the dry matter and the nutrient contents. The nutrient quantities in the above-ground biomass were 334.37 kg.ha-1 N; 23.65 kg.ha-1 P; 259.67 kg.ha-1 K; 107.73 kg.ha-1 Ca; 35,09 kg.ha-1Mg and 21.43 kg ha-1 de S. 61.07% of dry matter was allocated to leaves and branches (live and dead) containing 73% N; 72.4% P; 64% K; 55% Ca, 66% Mg and 75% S. The stem component (bark and wood) accumulated 27% N; 27.6% P; 36% K; 45% Ca, 34% Mg and 25% S.

scholarly journals REACTION OF THE SPRING RAPE OF ACCORD VARIETY TO SOWING RECEPTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Ильдус Фатыхов ◽  
Ildus Fatykhov ◽  
Евгений Хакимов ◽  
Evgeniy Hakimov ◽  
Эльмира Вафина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Rape

The article presents the results of the study on the reaction of spring rape by the formation of aboveground biomass yield on the sowing methods are given. It was revealed that, with ordinary and wide-row seeding methods, the maximum productivity of 3.09 tons per hectare and 3.05 tons per hectare, respectively, ensured the seeding rate of 3 million pieces of virgin seeds per 1 hectare. The increase in the productivity of the above-ground biomass is due to the density of standing of plants for harvesting, the mass of one plant, the lining and collection of dry matter.

scholarly journals The Effects of Potassium Fertilization and Irrigation on the Yield and Health Status of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Bogucka ◽  
Agnieszka Pszczółkowska ◽  
Adam Okorski ◽  
Krzysztof Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Fusarium Fungi

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of potassium fertilization (applied to soil at 150, 250, and 350 kg K2O ha−1) and irrigation on the yield (fresh matter yield and dry matter yield of above-ground biomass and tubers) and the health status of tubers and leaves of three Jerusalem artichoke—JA (Helianthus tuberosus L.) cultivars (Topstar, Violette de Rennes, Waldspindel). The Topstar cultivar was characterized by the highest total tuber yield (60.53 Mg FM ha−1) and the highest above-ground biomass yield (65.74 Mg FM ha−1). An increase in the rate of potassium fertilizer to 350 kg K2O ha−1 did not affect total tuber yields. The greatest increase in above-ground biomass yields was observed in response to the potassium fertilizer rate of 150 kg K2O ha −1 (64.40 Mg FM ha−1). Irrigation increased tuber yields by 59% and above-ground biomass yields by 42% on average. Phytopathological analyses revealed that JA leaves were most frequently colonized by fungi of the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, and Epicoccum. Alternaria and Fusarium fungi were more prevalent in non-irrigated than in irrigated plots. A higher number of fungal pathogens was isolated from the leaves of cv. Violette de Rennes grown in a non-irrigated plot fertilized with 250 kg K2O ha−1. Tubers were most heavily colonized by fungi of the genera Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Botrytis, and Rhizopus. Fungal species of the genus Fusarium were isolated from tubers in all irrigated treatments, and they were less frequently identified in non-irrigated plots. Only the tubers of cv. Topstar grown in non-irrigated plots and supplied with 150 kg K2O ha−1 were free of Fusarium fungi. The number of cultures of pathogenic species isolated from Jerusalem artichoke tubers had a minor negative impact on fresh and dry matter yield.

ESTIMATION OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF THE THREE SITES (GRAZED SITE, PROTECTED SITE AND SEED SOWN SITE) FOR COMPARING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN KASHMIR VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFSHAN ANJUM BABA ◽  
SYED NASEEM UL-ZAFAR GEELANI ◽  
ISHRAT SALEEM ◽  
MOHIT HUSAIN ◽  
PERVEZ AHMAD KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Protected Site

The plant biomass for protected areas was maximum in summer (1221.56 g/m2) and minimum in winter (290.62 g/m2) as against grazed areas having maximum value 590.81 g/m2 in autumn and minimum 183.75 g/m2 in winter. Study revealed that at Protected site (Kanidajan) the above ground biomass ranged was from a minimum (1.11 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum (4.58 t ha-1) in the summer season while at Grazed site (Yousmarag), the aboveground biomass varied from a minimum (0.54 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum of 1.48 t ha-1 in summer seasonandat Seed sown site (Badipora), the lowest value of aboveground biomass obtained was 4.46 t ha-1 in spring while as the highest (7.98 t ha-1) was obtained in summer.

scholarly journals The climatic imprint of bimodal distributions in vegetation cover for western Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343-3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zun Yin ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker ◽  
Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk ◽  
Henk A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Woody Cover

Abstract. Observed bimodal distributions of woody cover in western Africa provide evidence that alternative ecosystem states may exist under the same precipitation regimes. In this study, we show that bimodality can also be observed in mean annual shortwave radiation and above-ground biomass, which might closely relate to woody cover due to vegetation–climate interactions. Thus we expect that use of radiation and above-ground biomass enables us to distinguish the two modes of woody cover. However, through conditional histogram analysis, we find that the bimodality of woody cover still can exist under conditions of low mean annual shortwave radiation and low above-ground biomass. It suggests that this specific condition might play a key role in critical transitions between the two modes, while under other conditions no bimodality was found. Based on a land cover map in which anthropogenic land use was removed, six climatic indicators that represent water, energy, climate seasonality and water–radiation coupling are analysed to investigate the coexistence of these indicators with specific land cover types. From this analysis we find that the mean annual precipitation is not sufficient to predict potential land cover change. Indicators of climate seasonality are strongly related to the observed land cover type. However, these indicators cannot predict a stable forest state under the observed climatic conditions, in contrast to observed forest states. A new indicator (the normalized difference of precipitation) successfully expresses the stability of the precipitation regime and can improve the prediction accuracy of forest states. Next we evaluate land cover predictions based on different combinations of climatic indicators. Regions with high potential of land cover transitions are revealed. The results suggest that the tropical forest in the Congo basin may be unstable and shows the possibility of decreasing significantly. An increase in the area covered by savanna and grass is possible, which coincides with the observed regreening of the Sahara.

Above-ground biomass estimation of Indian tropical forests using X band Pol-InSAR and Random Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 100462
Author(s):  
Sadhana Yadav ◽  
Hitendra Padalia ◽  
Sanjiv K. Sinha ◽  
Ritika Srinet ◽  
Prakash Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
X Band

scholarly journals Comparison of Capability of SAR and Optical Data in Mapping Forest above Ground Biomass Based on Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Negar Tavasoli ◽  
Hossein Arefi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Sentinel 2

Assessment of forest above ground biomass (AGB) is critical for managing forest and understanding the role of forest as source of carbon fluxes. Recently, satellite remote sensing products offer the chance to map forest biomass and carbon stock. The present study focuses on comparing the potential use of combination of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 SAR data, with Sentinel-2 optical data to estimate above ground biomass and carbon stock using Genetic-Random forest machine learning (GA-RF) algorithm. Polarimetric decompositions, texture characteristics and backscatter coefficients of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1, and vegetation indices, tasseled cap, texture parameters and principal component analysis (PCA) of Sentinel-2 based on measured AGB samples were used to estimate biomass. The overall coefficient (R2) of AGB modelling using combination of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 data, and Sentinel-2 data were respectively 0.70 and 0.62. The result showed that Combining ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 data to predict AGB by using GA-RF model performed better than Sentinel-2 data.

Tree Diametric Relationships and Their Implications for Estimation of Above-ground Biomass in a Tropical Rainforest

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Nathan Castro Fonsêca ◽  
Jéssica Stéfane Alves Cunha ◽  
José Alberes Santos da Cunha ◽  
José Nailson Barros Santos ◽  
Lúcia dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass
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