scholarly journals Czech agriculture after the accession to the European Union – impacts on the development of its multifunctionality

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Doucha ◽  
I. Foltýn
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Individual Farm ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Collective Farms

The article presents the evaluation of multifunctionality of Czech agriculture and its individual farm categories in the period of 2003–2005. It compares the situation before and after the EU accession. The assessment is based on the set of indicators for the three elementary axes of multifunctionality: economic efficiency, relations to environment and relations to rural development. Applying the presented method of multi-criterion evaluation and during the period of 2003–2005 on average, the highest level of multifunctionality is found in the category of farms of physical persons with 101–300 ha (score 174) and the lowest level in the category of collective farms – cooperatives and joint stock companies (score about 115). However, compared with the pre-accession period, the collective farms show the highest growth of the score (by 17%) after the EU accession.

scholarly journals The Situation and Prospects of Hungarian Rural Development Preceding EU Accession

2004 ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
Zoltán Fürj
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Member State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

Today’s Hungarian rural development is defined by the fact, that Hungary will be a member state of the European Union from May 1, 2003. Our accession means the end of a long period, and new rural development programs that are going to build on the basic of previously accepted EU standards and experience will highlight the immediate future.From the Hungarian rural development programs I especially dealt with the SAPARD, AVOP and NVT, which in my opinion had and will have the greatest influence on the improvement of the Hungarian county. The AVOP and NVT are still under development (or just submitted to the EU), but their role in the future will be particularly essential, because these programs are going the act as the first programs in Hungary as a member state and a lot will depend on them in the improvement of the rural development.

scholarly journals Towards the new concepts of rural development of Serbia

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Djordjevic ◽  
Marina Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Eu

Within the preparations for joining the European Union, Serbia and its rural development are faced with considerable re-orientation of agrarian policy within the EU accession requirements. In that sense, the overview of the LEADER program concepts may facilitate the preparations of Serbia and its rural areas for all the issues that will follow in the forthcoming years. The aim of this paper is to help in the decision "what kind of approach will we choose?" and to offer the information on experiences of other countries.

scholarly journals What Happened to Transitional Justice in Croatia After the EU Accession?

Politologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-51
Author(s):  
Lina Strupinskienė ◽  
Simona Vaškevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu

This paper proposes to see Croatia’s becoming a member state of the European Union in 2013 as a particular critical juncture that created uncertainty over the type of decisions the government would take in the field of transitional justice once international pressure had stopped. It compares the period before and after the accession by looking into the three elements of transitional justice policy that were given priority by the EU conditionality framework – fighting impunity for war crimes, fostering reconciliation and respect for and protection of minority rights. It finds that all three have deteriorated in the post-accession period. On the one hand, the findings illustrate the power of international pressure, but on the other hand, they question the overall effectiveness of the conditionality policy, as it seems to not have affected deeper societal issues at stake and has not resulted in true transformation.

scholarly journals The EU after Brexit: Key Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr YAKOVLEV
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
European Council ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Union History ◽  
The Eu

The decision on Britain’s secession from the European Union, taken by the British Parliament and agreed by London and Brussels, divided the Union history into “before” and “after”. Not only will the remaining member states have to “digest” the political, commercial, economic and mental consequences of parting with one of the largest partners. They will also have to create a substantially new algorithm for the functioning of United Europe. On this path, the EU is confronted with many geopolitical and geo-economic challenges, which should be answered by the new leaders of the European Commission, European Council, and European Parliament.

Anti-discrimination Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union before and after the Economic Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalie Frese
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Income inequality is at an all-time high in the Europe Union (EU). Implications from the economic crisis which broke out in 2008, and in particularly the austerity measures introduced by Governments in Eurozone countries receiving bailout programmes, created further inequalities, for example between men and women. This paper starts from the hypothesis that whereas other institutions in the EU have played a direct role in tackling the economic crisis, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) may have played a more indirect role, which nonetheless can have an overlooked value in particular for setting direction for legal norms of equality and anti-discrimination in Europe. The paper therefore addresses a legal-empirical question: To what extent does the anti-discrimination case law of the CJEU reflect the increased inequalities in Europe following the economic crisis? Based on a dataset of all anti-discrimination cases of the CJEU, I conduct a quantitative analysis of changes in the case law from before to after the economic crisis. I find that there is only weak evidence, which suggests that the case law of the CJEU reflects the increased inequalities following the economic crisis.

Reflections of the Funds Distributed Under the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance for Rural Development (IPARD) Program on Çanakkale

2022 ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
İbrahim Tanju Akyol
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) provides financial assistance to the countries that are the current candidates and the potential candidates for the development of rural areas. These countries are supported by rural development (RD), one of the five components of the instrument for pre-accession assistance (IPA). Turkey is also a candidate country to benefit from the financial assistance provided by the EU. This research aims to reveal the situation of the projects carried out with IPARD in Çanakkale province within the country. As a matter of fact, Çanakkale takes place at the lower ranks in terms of the number of projects and the number of grants. Despite its potential, the reasons for not achieving the desired results in this province are the lack of qualified consultants, insufficient access to beneficiaries, and problems in licensing of lands. This research, thus, has also put forward various solution suggestions in order to minimize these problems.

scholarly journals Agricultural Holdings in Hilly-Mountain Areas in Slovenia before and after the Accession to the European Union

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Knific ◽  
Štefan Bojnec
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This paper presents the questionnaire results of the research on implications of the effects of Slovenia’s accession to the European Union (EU) on structural changes in agricultural holdings (AHs) in the case of Škofjeloška hilly-mountain rural areas. The effects are studied based on the analysis of income diversification of AHs three years before the Slovenian accession to the EU in 2000 and six years after the Slovenian accession to the EU in 2010. Strategies of AHs on the basis of the questionnaire were analysed in early 2011. Income diversification of AHs with non-agricultural employment and off-farm incomes is necessary for survival for the majority of AHs. There are observed differences in structural changes in the AHs between areas with different natural conditions for agricultural production, and particularly in the extent and in the direction of structural changes by socioeconomic types of AHs. Structural changes inhibit non-economic objectives of AHs, while non-agricultural employment has a two-way influence.

From embedded to uncompromising neoliberalism: Competitiveness policies and European Union interscalar relations in the case of Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicos Souliotis ◽  
Georgia Alexandri
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Supranational Level ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Eu

This article traces the transfer of competitiveness and cohesion policies from the European Union (EU) institutions to the national and subnational authorities in Greece, both before and after the sovereign debt crisis. We argue that prior to the crisis, the flexibilities of the EU governance system allowed the Greek central government to use the competitiveness and cohesion agenda, as well as the associated funds, to build a domestic socio-political consensus focused on the idea of ‘convergence’ with Europe. The crisis-induced bailout programme deepened neoliberal policies and reorganised vertical and horizontal power relations: policy-making powers have been upscaled towards the supranational level, while the national authorities have been socially disembedded.

Europeanisation of Polish Law Following Poland’s Accession to the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (0) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Robert Grzeszczak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Legal System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The article concerns primarily the effects of the membership of the European Union on national (Polish) law and, to a limited extent, on the political system of a state. The conclusions presented in the article are of universal value. Although the article deals with Polish affairs, the principles, tendencies and consequences identified are typical of the relationship state – the EU, both before and after accession, regardless of the state concerned. It should be, however, noted that the path to membership and the membership itself are different in each case. The practice of the Polish membership of the European Union, its systemic dimension and the changes in the national legal system (Europeanisation) do not differ significantly than in the case of other Member States. Europeanisation of Polish law, politics, economy, culture and society has been in progress since the 1990s. One can differentiate between two stages of Europeanisation: before and after Poland’s EU accession, each characterised by different conditions. Over time, this process, on the whole, has been undergoing numerous changes but it has never weakened in importance. Poland faces issues such as poor legitimation of integration processes, supremacy of the government over the parliament, passivity of parliamentary committees in controlling the government and EU institutions in the decision making process, as well as dilution of responsibility for decisions taken within the EU. The process of Europeanisation relies mostly on direct application of the standards of EU law in the national legal system, implementation of directives into national law and harmonisation or standardisation of national legal solutions so that they comply with the EU framework. It is also reception of a common, European (Union) axiology.

Governance of biodiversity in Poland before and after the accession to the EU: the tale of two roads

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRZYSZTOF NIEDZIAŁKOWSKI ◽  
JOUNI PAAVOLA ◽  
BOGUMIŁA JĘDRZEJEWSKA
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Governance Arrangement ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Eu

SUMMARYAccession of the Central and Eastern European countries to the European Union involved considerable institutional changes in the field of environmental governance that undermined existing policy practices. Such changes in biodiversity governance are examined through two case studies from Poland concerning road development schemes in ecologically sensitive areas. Documentary material and semi-structured interviews are analysed and interpreted in light of the policy arrangement approach and historical institutionalism. After the EU accession there was a rapid shift from a government-monopolized arrangement towards a multi-level governance arrangement with regard to conflicts between infrastructure and natural areas. Previously, the government controlled practically all aspects of environmental policymaking, despite potential routes for greater involvement of non-state actors. Only the formal rules of Natura 2000 and environmental impact assessment, guarded by a coalition of powerful supranational bodies, non-governmental organizations and scientists, changed the pattern of governmental policy-making. New policy arrangements have increased capacity and legitimacy in the implementation of the European Union rules.

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