scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of selected bacteria occurring in the soil after root chicory cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patkowska ◽  
M. Konopiński
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Positive Effect

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a rich source of polysaccharides (intibin and inulin), vitamins, acids and mineral salts. The present studies determined the antagonistic activity of selected bacteria of the soil environment of root chicory towards fungi pathogenic towards this plant: Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Root chicory was cultivated with using cover crops (oats, tansy phacelia and common vetch). The use of cover crops, especially oats, in the cultivation of root chicory had a positive effect both on the total population of bacteria and the population of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in the soil. Antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. displayed differentiated activity towards the studied fungi. The greatest antagonistic effect was found out after the mulch of oats. After common vetch, the antagonistic activity of bacteria was more than twice, and after phacelia three times as low as after oats. In the traditional cultivation of root chicory this activity was nearly twelve times lower.

scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of selected bacteria of the soil environment of carrot

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Patkowska Elżbieta ◽  
Błażewicz-Woźniak Marzena ◽  
Wach Dariusz
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp

The purpose of the present studies was to determine the antagonistic effect of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards selected fungi from the soil environment of carrot. Oats (Avena sativa L.), tansy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham) and vetch (Vicia satica L.) were used as cover crops in the cultivation of this plant. In the traditional cultivation of carrot the population of bacteria was the smallest, while after the application of oats it was the largest. Laboratory tests showed that cover crops promoted the development of antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Irrespective of the experimental treatment, those bacteria were the most effective in limiting the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum and Thanatephorus cucumeris (syn. Rhizoctonia solani), while being less effective towards Altenaria dauci and Alternaria radicina, and the least towards Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The best total antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. towards the tested fungi was found after using oats and vetch, while the worst – in the traditional cultivation of carrot.

scholarly journals Antagonistic bacteria in the soil after cover crops cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patkowska ◽  
M. Konopiński
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

The purpose of the studies was to establish the quantitative composition of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and their antagonistic effect towards soil-borne fungi after the cultivation of oats, spring vetch and tansy phacelia as intercrop cover plants. The total population of bacteria in 1 g dry weight of the soil from the experimental combination where mulch of oats was used was larger than in the combination with spring vetch or tansy phacelia. Totally, approximately three times as much Bacillus spp. was obtained from soil samples as compared to Pseudomonas spp. Tests showed that the most isolates of antagonistic bacteria out of the enumerated genera occurred in the soil after oats cultivation, and the least in the soil after the cultivation of tansy phacelia. Antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. inhibited the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum, Haematonectria haematococca and Thanatephorus cucumeris in the most effective way. The greatest total antagonistic effect of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards Altenaria alternata, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, H. haematococca, P. irregulare and T. cucumeris was found out after managing the mulch of oats. The smallest total antagonistic effect of bacteria was observed after managing the mulch of tansy phacelia.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antagonistic fungi in the soil after cover crops cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patkowska ◽  
M. Konopiński
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Antagonistic Fungi

The purpose of the studies was to determine the species composition of fungi and their antagonistic effect towards soil-borne plant pathogens after the cultivation of oats, spring vetch and tansy phacelia as intercrop cover plants. The total population of fungi in the soil after the cultivation of oats was twice as low as after the cultivation of tansy phacelia. A little smaller fungi population was obtained as a result of mulching the soil with spring vetch in comparison to that after the cultivation of tansy phacelia. The proportion of Fusarium spp., Alternaria alternata, Pythium irregulare and Thanatephorus cucumeris isolated from the soil after the cultivation of oats was the lowest one, while being a little higher after the cultivation of spring vetch, and the highest after tansy phacelia. The greatest number of antagonistic fungi occurred in the soil after ploughing in the mulch of oats. Antagonistic fungi isolated from the soil mulched with oats were the most effective in limiting the growth and development of A. alternata, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Haematonectria haematococca, P. irregulare and T. cucumeris since the value of their antagonistic effect was the largest. The lowest antagonistic activity of fungi was found out after using tancy phacelia.

scholarly journals Antagonistic bacteria in the soil after Daucus carota L. cultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Patkowska Elżbieta
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp

The studies determined the effect of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from the soil after carrot cultivation on pathogenic fungi Altenaria dauci, A. radicina, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. A field experiment on carrot cultivation considered different intercrop plants (rye, buckwheat, white mustard, sunflower). Rye and buckwheat were the most conducive to the growth of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Those bacteria were the most effective in inhibiting the growth of F. solani, F. oxysporum and R. solani. The antagonistic effect of soil-borne Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards the tested fungi was the largest after the application of rye and white mustard as intercrop plants in the cultivation of carrot. Buckwheat and sunflower showed a slightly smaller influence on the antagonistic activity of the studied bacteria. Bacillus ssp. had a significantly lesser antagonistic effect than Pseudomonas ssp.

scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of selected fungi of the soil environment of carrot

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patkowska Elżbieta ◽  
Jamiołkowska Agnieszka ◽  
Błażewicz-Woźniak Marzena
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The present studies aim at determining the antagonistic effect of selected fungi species occurring in the soil under carrot cultivation towards Altenaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & Skolko, Alternaria radicina Meier, Drechsler & E.D. Eddy, Fusarium oxysporum E.F. Sm & Swingle, Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. The field experiment considered cover crops (oats, tansy phacelia and vetch). The control consisted of traditional carrot cultivation (without cover crops). Statistically, the smallest population of fungi was found in 1 g of soil dry weight after the application of oats, and a slightly bigger – after tansy phacelia and vetch. The largest population of fungi was obtained in the traditional cultivation of carrot. Cover crops contributed to the increase of the population of antagonistic Clonostachys spp., Myrothecium spp., Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. in the soil. Regardless of the experimental treatment, those antagonistic fungi were the most effective in limiting the growth of S. sclerotiorum, A. dauci and A. radicina. The effect of those fungi was a little smaller towards F. oxysporum and R. solani. Oats as a cover crop had the best effect on the antagonistic activity of the studied fungi occurring in the soil environment of carrot.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of indigenous Bacillus spp. isolated from soil

2017 ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Bjelic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Nemanja Spremo ◽  
Maja Karaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Biocontrol using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represents an alternative approach to disease management, since PGPR are known to promote growth and reduce diseases in various crops. Among the different PGPR, members of the genus Bacillus are prefered for most biotechnological uses due to their capability to form extremely resistant spores and produce a wide variety of metabolites with antimicrobial activity. The objective of this research was to identify antagonistic bacteria for management of the plant diseases. Eleven isolates of Bacillus spp. were obtained from the soil samples collected from different localities in the Province of Vojvodina. The antifungal activity of bacterial isolates against five fungal species was examined using a dual plate assay. Bacillus isolates exhibited the highest antifungal activity against Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Alternaria padwickii, while they had the least antagonistic effect on Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum. Molecular identification showed that effective bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus safensis (B2), Bacillus pumilus (B3, B11), Bacillus subtilis (B5, B7) and Bacillus megaterium (B8, B9). The highest antagonistic activity was exhibited by isolates B5 (from 39% to 62% reduction in fungal growth) and B7 (from 40% to 71% reduction in fungal growth). These isolates of B. subtilis could be used as potential biocontrol agents of plant diseases.

scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of rice rhizosphere isolates against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacterial blight pathogen

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Yamini sousheel N. ◽  
Bharati Narayan Bhat ◽  
Gouri Shankar Laha ◽  
S. Triveni
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Rice Rhizosphere ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bacterial Blight Pathogen

Attempts were made to isolate beneficial bio agents from rice rhizosphere which resulted in isolation of  46 Bacillus spp and 15 fluorescent Pseudomonas spp which were further investigated for their potential aginst BB of rice diseaseAmong twenty six isolates of Bacillus, two isolates were most antagonistic and showed highest inhibition percentage (57.09) The potential isolates of Pseudomonas (P-4, P-5, P-6, P-7 and P-8), Bacillus (ARI 1-2, ARI 2-4, ARI 1-3, D1-1-2 and D2-1-1) were tested in vivo under glass house conditions for antagonism against Xoo which revealed that P-7 was effective in reduction of lesion length (18.5cm) when compared to control (20.37cm). The potential isolates of Pseudomonas (P-4, P-5, P-6, P-7 and P-8), Bacillus (ARI 1-2, ARI 2-4, ARI 1-3, D1-1-2 and D2-1-1) were tested in vivo under glass house conditions for antagonism against Xoo which revealed that P-7 was effective in reduction of lesion length (18.5cm) when compared to control (20.37cm). The present study indicated that PGPR isolates P-4, P-6, P-7 and P-8 can be used as biofertilizers, which will add up for enhanced growth of rice.   

scholarly journals SOIL-BORNE MICROORGANISMS THREATENING CARROT CULTIVATED WITH THE USE OF COVER CROPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Patkowska
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Alternaria Dauci ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

Cover crops are used in the cultivation of various plants. They properly modify the composition of soil microorganisms and can protect of plants from phytopathogens. The purpose of the field and laboratory studies was to determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms in the soil under carrot cultivated with the use of oats, tansy phacelia and spring vetch as cover crops. The paper presents also studies on soil-borne fungi threatening the healthiness of carrot roots. In the conventional cultivation of carrot the population of bacteria (including Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp.) was the smallest, while after the application of oats it was the largest. Oats and spring vetch were most effective in limiting the occurrence of soil-borne fungi. Those plants and tansy phacelia caused an increase of the population of saprotrophic fungi (Albifimbria spp., Clonostachys spp. and Trichoderma spp.) in the soil. Intercrop plants had a positive effect on the healthiness of carrot seedlings and roots. Alternaria dauci, A. alternata, A. radicina, Fusarium oxysporum, Globisporangium irregulare, Neocosmospora solani, Phytophthora sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum proved to be the most harmful towards the studied underground parts of carrot. Oats proved to be the most effective in inhibiting the occurrence of the pathogenic fungi for Daucus carota L.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of fungi colonising the soil after the cultivation of cover crops towards the seedlings of salsify Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Gaterau) Br.

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Patkowska ◽  
Mirosław Konopiński
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to conduct pathogenicity tests for salsify seedlings in a soil environment colonised by selected fungi species, after the cultivation of cover crops such as oats, common vetch and tancy phacelia. A growth chamber experiment used the seeds of ‘Mamut’ salsify and soil overgrown with Altenaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Pythium irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The pathogenicity of these microorganisms towards salsify seedlings was established on the basis of the grown plants, their health and a disease index calculated on the basis of a fivedegree scale. The examined isolates considerably weakened the emergence and health of salsify. Based on pathogenicity tests, such species as R. solani, S. sclerotiorum and P. irregulare were considered as the major cause of seedling necrosis and root rot of the plants of the Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus. Among the studied soil-borne plant pathogens, the most pathogenic ones towards salsify seedlings proved to be the isolates of R. solani, S. sclerotiorum and P. irregulare, whereas the least harmful included A. alternata and F. culmorum.

Antagonistic activity of Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from various sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
A. N. Irkitova ◽  
A. V. Grebenshchikova ◽  
A. V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Agar Media

<p>An important link in solving the problem of healthy food is the intensification of the livestock, poultry and fish farming, which is possible only in the adoption and rigorous implementation of the concept of rational feeding of animals. In the implementation of this concept required is the application of probiotic preparations. Currently, there is an increased interest in spore probiotics. In many ways, this can be explained by the fact that they use no vegetative forms of the bacilli and their spores. This property provides spore probiotics a number of advantages: they are not whimsical, easily could be selected, cultivated, and dried. Moreover, they are resistant to various factors and could remain viable during a long period. One of the most famous spore microorganisms, which are widely used in agriculture, is <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Among the requirements imposed to probiotic microorganisms is mandatory – antagonistic activity to pathogenic and conditional-pathogenic microflora. The article presents the results of the analysis of antagonistic activity of collection strains of <em>B. subtilis</em>, and strains isolated from commercial preparations. We studied the antagonistic activity on agar and liquid nutrient medias to trigger different antagonism mechanisms of <em>B. subtilis</em>. On agar media, we applied three diffusion methods: perpendicular bands, agar blocks, agar wells. We also applied the method of co-incubating the test culture (<em>Escherichia coli</em>) and the antagonist (or its supernatant) in the nutrient broth. Our results demonstrated that all our explored strains of <em>B. subtilis</em> have antimicrobial activity against a wild strain of <em>E. coli</em>, but to varying degrees. We identified strains of <em>B. subtilis</em> with the highest antagonistic effect that can be recommended for inclusion in microbial preparations for agriculture.</p><p><em><br /></em><em></em></p>

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