scholarly journals Field evaluation of extracts of five Nigerian spices for control of post-flowering insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oparaeke A ◽  
C. Dike M ◽  
I. Amatobi C
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Clavigralla Tomentosicollis ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

The insecticidal efficacy of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices (Piper guineense Schum and Thonn., Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe), Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., Zingiber officinale L. and Capsicum annuum L.) was tested in a field study for the control of two important post-flowering insect pests, Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) of cowpea. The extracts were applied at 10% (w/v) and sprayed every week for 4 weeks. P. guineense, followed by A. melegueta, significantly reduced (P < 0.01) abundance of the pests and decreased the damage to cowpea pods. Grain yields were significantly higher in plots treated with P. guineense and A. melegueta extracts compared to plots treated with other extracts. This technology is cheap, safe, environmentally friendly and easy to adopt by limited resource farmers in third world countries.

scholarly journals Toxicity and spraying schedules of a biopesticide prepared from Piper guineense against two cowpea pests

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Oparaeke
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
West African ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
African Black ◽  
Cropping Seasons

The toxicity of three concentrations (5%, 10% and 20% w/v) and spraying schedules (2, 4 and 6 weekly applications) of an extract from West African black pepper, <i>Piper guineense</i>, for managing two major post-flowering pests of cowpea, <i>Vigna unguiculata</i>, was investigated in two cropping seasons at the Research Farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. The insect pests were the larvae of <i>Maruca vitrata</i> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and the cowpea coreid bug, <i>Clavigralla tomentosicollis</i> (Hemiptera: Coreidae). The higher concentrations (10% and 20% w/v) and more frequent applications (4 and 6/week) significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) reduced the numbers of the two insect pests compared to the untreated control in both years. Pod damage was significantly reduced and grain yields consequently increased in treated plots compared with the other extract treatments and the untreated control. West African black pepper extract applied at higher concentrations and more frequently could play an important role in integrated management of pests’ infestations on field cowpea managed by limited resource farmers in third world countries.

scholarly journals In vitro comparative assessment of the inhibitory effects of single and combined spices against glucose-synthesizing enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1214
Author(s):  
Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa ◽  
Fatai Oladunni Balogun ◽  
Anofi Omotayo Tom Ashafa
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Purpose: To assess the individual and synergistic inhibitory activities of five (5) tropical spices, viz, Zingiber officinale Rosc., Xylopia aethiopica (Dun.) A. Rich, Piper guineense Schum & Thonn, Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Allium sativum L. against glucose hydrolysing enzymes.Methods: In vitro assessment of the alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of cold water, hot water, ethanol and aqueous-ethanol extracts of each of the five spices and their combination was investigated using enzymatic protocols. Acarbose was used as the standard.Results: Only four extracts showed strong inhibition against alpha-glucosidase and weak inhibition against alpha-amylase. Going by their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50), the combined spices exhibited the best concurrent inhibitory activity against both hydrolysing enzymes (665.83 ± 27.50 μg/mL for alpha-glucosidase) and (1166.86 ± 14.70 μg/mL for alpha-amylase).Conclusion: The findings from this study demonstrate the enhanced antihyperglycemic potentials of the combined spices compared to the individual spices for the management of diabetes. Keywords: Hyperglycemia, Diabetes, Alpha-amylase, Alpha-glucosidase, Zingiber officinale, Xylopia aethiopica, Piper guineense, Myristica fragrans, Allium sativum, Spices

Corrosion inhibition characteristics of Thymus vulgaris, Xylopia aethiopica and Zingiber officinale extracts on mild steel in H2SO4 solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Okafor ◽  
E.A. Apebende
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the inhibitive action of the corrosion of mild steel in sulphuric acid solutions by ethanol extracts of Thymus vulgaris (TYV), Xylopia aethiopica (XYA) and Zingiber officinale (ZGO) as eco-friendly and non-toxic mild-steel corrosion inhibitors in H2SO4 solutions. Design/methodology/approach Ethanol extracts of TYV leaves, XYA fruits and ZGO roots were used as inhibitors in various corrosion tests. Gravimetric and gasometric techniques were used to characterize the mechanism of inhibition. Findings Results indicate that the extracts inhibit the corrosion process efficiently. Inhibition efficiency was found to increase with an increase in extract concentration and decrease with an increase in temperature. Inhibition efficiencies followed the trend TYV > ZGO > XYA. Thermodynamic considerations revealed that the energy of activation increased in the presence of the plant extracts. Adsorption of the plant extracts on mild steel surface occurred spontaneously, and Ea and ΔGads values confirm a physical adsorption processes. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of saponoids, flavonoids and polyphenols whose attachment to adsorption sites on the metal surface is responsible for the inhibition process. Experimental data fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Practical implications The plant extracts can be used in chemical cleaning and picking processes. Originality/value The research provides information on the possible use of the ethanol extracts from TYV leaves, XYA fruits and ZGO roots as sources of cheap, eco-friendly and non-toxic corrosion inhibitors.

scholarly journals Field evaluation of water plant extracts on sucking insect pests and their associated predators in transgenic Bt cotton

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Ullah ◽  
Naciye Sena Çağatay ◽  
Asad Abdullah ◽  
Fatma Dikmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Transgenic Bt Cotton ◽  
Water Plant

SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND OVIPOSITION RESPONSE OF THE CORN EARWORM, HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), ON OKRA IN VIRGINIA

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1539-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Latheef ◽  
J. H. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Important Pest

Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a member of the Malvaceae. It is an important crop in the southern United States where vegetable production becomes precarious during the summer owing to extreme conditions of temperature and drought. Okra is grown in most southern home gardens and is consumed as a main dish vegetable or used in soups and gumbos.Because of its popularity and environmental adaptability, okra may have the potential for attracting fresh market premium prices for limited resource farm operations. However, little has been published on insect pests of okra in the United States. In an investigation at Petersburg, Virginia, during 1979 and 1980, we found that the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), was an important pest of okra.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document