scholarly journals Development of communication infrastructure in rural areas of the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vaněk ◽  
J. Jarolímek ◽  
P. Šimek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

The paper deals with the current trends in development of communication infrastructure which is, above all, represented by high-speed Internet connection (broadband). It is focused on conditions of the Czech Republic; or more precisely, on its rural areas, including possibilities of further development in the following period in context of trends in the world, in the OECD and the EU countries.

scholarly journals Human Resources Readiness for Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Vrchota ◽  
Monika Mařiková ◽  
Petr Řehoř ◽  
Ladislav Rolínek ◽  
Radek Toušek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Eu

Industry 4.0 is related to major changes, particularly in production. As such changes might have major implications for the labour market; the paper focuses on the assumptions of the human capital and its preparedness for Industry 4.0 in the Czech Republic. The findings are based on EUROSTAT, MEYS, OECD, ISCED, CZSO, and WEF. Based on such data, twelve indicators were selected and described in the results. Subsequently, the correlation analysis was carried out, using the data of the Czech Republic in order to estimate which indicators are related and thus to obtain a more detailed view of areas that need to be improved. The level of computer skills in the Czech Republic are increasing. Internet connection is around 80%. The share of technical workers in the Czech Republic is in the range of 30–40%. In terms of expenditure on education, the Czech Republic belongs to the countries of the eastern region. The number of graduates of technical professions managed to catch up with the development of the European Union (EU). In terms of employment in High-tech and Medium-high-tech areas, the Czech Republic is one of the leaders in the EU. Czech students have great potential in basic computer skills.

scholarly journals The Visegrad Four in Times of Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Anna Chetverikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Future Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
The Eu

The article contains an analysis of the Visegrad Group’s approaches to the world financial and economic crisis of 2008 and the pandemic in 2020. The reasons which determined the increase of the Four’s importance in the EU during periods of global distress for a number of economic indicators are outlined. Special attention is paid to the economic dynamics of Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic in 2020 in comparison to the time of crisis of 2008-2009 and to the factors influencing the response of countries to the complementary economic issues. The transformation of trade and investment relations within the Visergad Group during the crisis periods is considered. The reasons for changes inside the group are identified. The conclusion is drawn that external challenges cause the weakening of relations within the Four in several areas; the Visegrad market can not fully play the compensatory role for its members in emergency conditions. However, the opportunity for expanding relations within the Group in the future is not excluded. The results of the experts’ survey on the attitudes of the Four during periods of external challenges, relations within the Visegrad Group and directions for future development are presented.

scholarly journals Qualitative Research on PESCO Projects Direction in the Field of CBRN

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pohanka ◽  
Antonín Novotný
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) weapons still represent a relevant threat despite international treaties and regulations. International projects like the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) of European Union (EU) appears as a suitable way of the further development when considered both complexity and expensiveness of the countermeasures to the CBRN. In this work, basic principles of PESCO, limitations, opportunities and expected directions of innovations were searched. The final recommendations on PESCO projects in the CBRN field are founded on the reached findings. Recommendations and conclusions on limited PESCO efficacy on one side and opportunity to resolve weakness of the Army of the Czech Republic (AČR) in the CBRN by collaboration in the EU on the other were particularly described in this paper. Without the collaboration, the AČR will hardly reflect the progress on CBRN defense.

scholarly journals The Performance of Grape Production in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Nahanga Verter ◽  
Lea Hasíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
External Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Demand Volatility ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Eu

Grape is a major agrarian input for winemaking in the Czech Republic (Czechia). This contribution assesses the performance of grape production in Czechia. The country’s performance is compared with Slovakia and some major producing countries in the world. Using the OLS approach, the results show that area harvested, yields, farm gate price and wine export have a positive relationship with grape production in Czechia. The descriptive approach shows Czechia as a net importer of wine. Also, grape yields in Czechia and Slovakia have been below the EU and global averages. These two countries’ wine exports have been concentrated in few markets within the EU single market. There is a need for grape farmers in the countries to find ways to improve yield per hectare. Similarly, export promotion should be encouraged and diversified beyond the EU markets to reduce external demand volatility or shocks. Arguably, this measure may accelerate foreign earnings from grape and wine related export products in the country.

scholarly journals Development in consumer food prices on the Czech market in the context of food prices on the EU and world markets

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 2737-2755
Author(s):  
Luboš Smutka ◽  
Michal Steininger ◽  
Mansoor Maitah ◽  
Eva Rosochatecká
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
World Market ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Price Trends ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
The Eu

This paper discusses the development of consumer prices in the Czech Republic within the context of food prices in the European Union and the global market. The article is identifying the development of the foodstuff consumer prices in the market in the Czech Republic in relation to World and European consumer prices. Subsequently, the development of food consumer prices in the Czech market is analyzed in relation to selected commodities and products marketed in the Czech retail chains. Lastly, the status of individual retail chains in the Czech market is defined and the consumer prices and price differences existing amongst the selected major chains operating on the Czech market are analyzed. In relation to the objectives of this article it is then possible to state the following: prices on the Czech market correlate very strongly, especially in relation to the EU countries markets, but are very weak in relation to the world market. The sensitivity of the Czech consumer prices is very high – it is very flexible towards changes within the framework of the prices levels on the market of the EU but, by contrast, it is completely inflexible in respect to the changes in the prices levels on the world market. The Czech Republic follows the general development price trends existing in the EU countries markets.The growth in food prices on the Czech market is very close to the average growth rate of the food prices index in the EU market. Regarding the prices development on the Czech Republic market, it can be noted that, in relation to particular segments of the commodity food prices, the most dynamic growth was recorded in the case of fruit and vegetables, oils and fats, dairy products, fish and seafood, poultry, beef and cereals and bakery products.It is also important to mention that in the Czech Republic there are no uniform price levels between individual regions. In respect to the nature of the Czech retail market, a comment should be made that on the one hand it is very concentrated – a relatively small number of players control the character of the market – nevertheless, but in comparison with the European average, it can be said that the market is highly competitive, since none of the market subjects clearly dominates. Individual retail chains in their pricing policies more or less follow the general price trends and tendencies, reflecting the development of the domestic market and in, particular, the EU market.

scholarly journals Research and development for Industry 4.0 – the position of the Czech Republic in cognitive computing and robotics

Ergo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Kučera ◽  
Tomáš Vondrák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Citation Impact ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Patent Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
The Eu

AbstractWe have examined the recent development of the knowledge base in the fields of cognitive computing and robotics. The proxies for the evaluation of the R&D in these fields are the publication activity and the patents production spanning the years 1998 to 2016. A comparison with selected EU countries, USA, China, Japan and South Korea is presented. The publication activities grow much faster than the overall volume of world publications. In the number of publications per year in the field of cognitive computing China surpassed in 2004 USA and trails the EU-28 since. The robotics seems less in the focus of China’s R&D as the Chinese publications output just reached the USA level in the last two years of the examined interval. A common feature of the Asian countries is a significantly below the world average citation impact of the publications in both fields. The number of patent applications in cognitive computing and robotics has been growing in recent years. The patent activity in the China is growing very fast, the EU and USA are gradually losing their position and China dominated in the patent activity in cognitive computing and robotics in 2015.The Czech Republic exhibits a significantly above the EU average dynamics of the publication activity in both R&D fields. Though the robotics publications occupy a smaller fraction of the total national publications output, their citation impact at the roughly 150 percent level of the world average is on par with the publication output of EU-15 countries. The number of patent applications in cognitive computing and robotics with Czech invertors has been growing fast and their share in the total number of patent applications with Czech inventors is above the EU average. However, these applications are very often owned by foreign companies, in particular from the USA. Our study indicates that the Czech Republic has, in the world context, a robust and dynamic R&D capable to address the challenges associated with the implementation of Industry 4.0 and advanced information processing.

scholarly journals Competitiveness of Family Farms in the Czech Republic in the Context of EU Common Agricultural Policy 2014+

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2171-2178
Author(s):  
Jan Vavřina ◽  
Marcela Basovníková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Eu

Highly regulated EU agricultural sector via Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) creates conditions for encouraging the competitiveness of farmers not only within the European single market. Farmers in the Czech Republic face not only the challenges of globalization, nevertheless the problem of aging the farmers’ population. Under provided major assumptions, there is therefore necessary to implement such instruments of the CAP to ensure sustainable competitiveness of Czech agricultural enterprises and specifically family farms by government authorities, which are considered to be the economically smallest agricultural business entities. There is introduced a specific approach to a more efficient CAP in the current EU programming period till year 2020 through efforts to increase the competitiveness of European farmers as well in the term of the sustainable development within rural areas. The objective of the article is to identify usable financial and nonfinancial instruments to increase the competitiveness of domestic family farms in the context of EU CAP 2020 not only in terms of the Czech agrarian sector, but within the EU single market. Complementarily, there is provided evidence to economic performance of the smallest farmers in comparison with other size categories of agricultural businesses in the EU member countries.

Investigation of Certain Components of Tourism Safety in the Visegrád Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Mátyás ◽  
Panna Tokodi ◽  
Vince Vári ◽  
Miklós Tihanyi
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Current Level ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
World Languages ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Visegrád Countries ◽  
Common World

Before 2019, tourism around the world was breaking records in numbers every year. If we compare the number of people involved in tourism with the values of a few decades ago, we can witness an amazing development. Concerning all four countries (Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia) we can say that the historical roots are very similar. Still, at the same time, they have taken a specific and, in many cases, separate paths to reach the current level of development.The World Tourism Organisation does not consider Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia as a separate touristic region. However, considering the current touristic trends, we can say that more and more people arriving from far-away places look at this area as one region. During their holiday, they visit several countries. Those working in the field of tourism mostly speak the most common world languages. It is not easy to use exact indicators of the local population’s helpfulness, but most Europeans can be said to be understanding and helpful to tourists. The current study aims to introduce and analyse the current trends of tourism safety of the V4 countries.

scholarly journals AGRICULTURE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE 21ST CENTURY: FROM PRODUCTIVISM TO POST-PRODUCTIVISM

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Věžník ◽  
Michael Král ◽  
Hana Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

Abstract During last two decades Czech agriculture has gone through significant changes: the transition of agriculture in the 1990s and the entrance of the Czech Republic into the EU and its commitment to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Both of these changes contributed to the structural and regional differentiation of Czech agriculture and exposed it to competition with the whole of Europe. Furthermore, CAP exposed Czech agriculture to uneven conditions for farmers within the EU. The most significant results of these changes have been a decrease in the agricultural sector output, a reduction in farm animals bred, and shrinkage of arable land. On the other hand, many non-productive and non-agricultural activities in the rural areas are subsidised, which offers farmers new possibilities of development. The aim of this paper is to analyse the structural and spatial change in Czech agriculture between 2000 and 2010 on the basis of Agrocenzus data supplemented by opinions of farmers gained in a series of interviews.

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