scholarly journals Effect of heat-shock pre-treatment on tomato plants infected by powdery mildew fungus

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nožková Vladimíra ◽  
Mieslerová Barbora ◽  
Luhová Lenka ◽  
Piterková Jana ◽  
Novák Ondřej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Susceptible Genotype ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Solanum Spp

The effect of plant heat-shock (HS) pre-treatment (40.5°C, 2 h) on Pseudoidium neolycopersici development in the susceptible and moderately resistant Solanum spp. genotypes was studied together with biochemical responses (endogenous concentrations of salicylic (SA), jasmonic (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and peroxidase (POX) activity). In HS pre-treated S. lycopersicum, an acceleration of pathogen, chlorosis and necrosis development, strong SA, JA accumulation, and increased POX activity were detected. In S. chmielewskii, HS pre-treatment caused a slight suppression of pathogen development, increase in JA, ABA concentrations, and POX activity. HS accelerated and strengthened the development of symptoms and biochemical responses to the infection in the susceptible genotype in contrast to moderately resistant genotype with a robust defence response to an infection per se.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genetic Mechanisms of Sugarcane Aphid Resistance in Grain Sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7129
Author(s):  
Desalegn D. Serba ◽  
Xiaoxi Meng ◽  
James Schnable ◽  
Elfadil Bashir ◽  
J. P. Michaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Melanaphis Sacchari ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (SCA), has become a major pest of grain sorghum since its appearance in the USA. Several grain sorghum parental lines are moderately resistant to the SCA. However, the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying this resistance are poorly understood, which has constrained breeding for improved resistance. RNA-Seq was used to conduct transcriptomics analysis on a moderately resistant genotype (TAM428) and a susceptible genotype (Tx2737) to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance. Differential expression analysis revealed differences in transcriptomic profile between the two genotypes at multiple time points after infestation by SCA. Six gene clusters had differential expression during SCA infestation. Gene ontology enrichment and cluster analysis of genes differentially expressed after SCA infestation revealed consistent upregulation of genes controlling protein and lipid binding, cellular catabolic processes, transcription initiation, and autophagy in the resistant genotype. Genes regulating responses to external stimuli and stress, cell communication, and transferase activities, were all upregulated in later stages of infestation. On the other hand, expression of genes controlling cell cycle and nuclear division were reduced after SCA infestation in the resistant genotype. These results indicate that different classes of genes, including stress response genes and transcription factors, are responsible for countering the physiological effects of SCA infestation in resistant sorghum plants.

Changes in photosynthesis of Lycopersicon spp. plants induced by tomato powdery mildew infection in combination with heat shock pre-treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Prokopová ◽  
Barbora Mieslerová ◽  
Vladimíra Hlaváčková ◽  
Jan Hlavinka ◽  
Aleš Lebeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Tomato Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Powdery Mildew Infection

scholarly journals Calreticulin, a Peptide-binding Chaperone of the Endoplasmic Reticulum, Elicits Tumor- and Peptide-specific Immunity

1999 ◽  
Vol 189 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreyashi Basu ◽  
Pramod K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Peptide Binding ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Specific Immunity ◽  
Per Se

Calreticulin (CRT), a peptide-binding heat shock protein (HSP) of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), has been shown previously to associate with peptides transported into the ER by transporter associated with antigen processing (Spee, P., and J. Neefjes. 1997. Eur. J. Immunol. 27: 2441–2449). Our studies show that CRT preparations purified from tumors elicit specific immunity to the tumor used as the source of CRT but not to an antigenically distinct tumor. The immunogenicity is attributed to the peptides associated with the CRT molecule and not to the CRT molecule per se. It is further shown that CRT molecules can be complexed in vitro to unglycosylated peptides and used to elicit peptide-specific CD8+ T cell response in spite of exogenous administration. These characteristics of CRT closely resemble those of HSPs gp96, hsp90, and hsp70, although CRT has no apparent structural homologies to them.

scholarly journals Pulmonary prophylactic impact of melatonin and/or quercetin: A novel therapy for inflammatory hypoxic stress in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouf M. Al-Rasheed ◽  
Laila Fadda ◽  
Hala A. Attia ◽  
Iman A. Sharaf ◽  
Azza M. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractThe study aims to compare, through histological and biochemical studies, the effects of quercetin, melatonin and their combination in regulation of immuno-inflammatory mediators and heat shock protein expressions in sodium nitrite induced hypoxia in rat lungs. The results revealed that NaNO2injection caused a significant decrease in Hb in rats, while serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP, VEGF and HSP70 were elevated compared to the control group. Administration of melatonin, quercetin or their combination before NaNO2injection markedly reduced these parameters. Histopathological examination of the lung tissue supported these biochemical findings. The study suggests that melatonin and/or quercetin are responsible for lung tissue protection in hypoxia by downregulation of immuno-inflammatory mediators and heat shock protein expressions. Pre-treatment of hypoxic animals with a combination of melatonin and quercetin was effective in modulating most of the studied parameters to near-normal levels.

scholarly journals NRAMP1 3′ Untranslated Region Polymorphisms Are Not Associated with Natural Resistance to Brucella abortus in Cattle

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2493-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane A. Paixão ◽  
Fernando P. Poester ◽  
Alcina V. Carvalho Neta ◽  
Álan M. Borges ◽  
Andrey P. Lage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Intracellular Survival ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Susceptible Genotype ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT The NRAMP1 gene encodes a divalent cation transporter, located in the phagolysosomal membrane of macrophages, that has been associated with resistance to intracellular pathogens. In cattle, natural resistance against brucellosis has been associated with polymorphisms at the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the NRAMP1 gene, which are detectable by single-strand conformational analysis (SSCA). This study aimed to evaluate the association between NRAMP1 3′UTR polymorphisms and resistance against bovine brucellosis in experimental and natural infections. In experimentally infected pregnant cows, abortion occurred in 42.1% of cows with a resistant genotype (SSCAr; n = 19) and in 43.1% of those with a susceptible genotype (SSCAs; n = 23). Furthermore, no association between intensity of pathological changes and genotype was detected. In a farm with a very high prevalence of bovine brucellosis, the percentages of strains of the SSCAr genotype were 86 and 84% in serologically positive (n = 64) and negative (n = 36) cows, respectively. Therefore, no association was found between the NRAMP1-resistant allele and the resistant phenotype in either experimental or naturally occurring brucellosis. To further support these results, bacterial intracellular survival was assessed in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages from cattle with either the resistant or susceptible genotype. In agreement with our previous results, no difference was observed in the rates of intracellular survival of B. abortus within macrophages from cattle with susceptible or resistant genotypes. Taken together, these results indicate that these polymorphisms at the NRAMP1 3′UTR do not affect resistance against B. abortus in cattle and that they are therefore not suitable markers of natural resistance against bovine brucellosis.

Author response for "Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato plants to white mold affected by manganese phosphite"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joicy Aparecida Alves Chaves ◽  
Lillian Matias Oliveira ◽  
Leandro Castro Silva ◽  
Bruno Nascimento Silva ◽  
Carla Silva Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Author Response ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato plants to white mold affected by manganese phosphite

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joicy Aparecida Alves Chaves ◽  
Lillian Matias Oliveira ◽  
Leandro Castro Silva ◽  
Bruno Nascimento Silva ◽  
Carla Silva Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Mold ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

scholarly journals Transcriptome-Based Analysis of Tomato Genotypes Resistant to Bacterial Spot (Xanthomonas perforans) Race T4

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4070
Author(s):  
Rui Shi ◽  
Dilip R. Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Susceptible Genotype ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Xanthomonas Perforans ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Stress Pathway ◽  
Go Terms

Bacterial spot (BS) is one of the most devastating foliar bacterial diseases of tomato and is caused by multiple species of Xanthomonas. We performed the RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of three tomato lines with different levels of resistance to Xanthomonas perforans race T4 to study the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and transcript-based sequence variations. Analysis between inoculated and control samples revealed that resistant genotype Solanum pimpinellifolium accession PI 270443 had more DEGs (834), followed by susceptible genotype tomato (S. lycopersicum L) breeding line NC 714 (373), and intermediate genotype tomato breeding line NC 1CELBR (154). Gene ontology (GO) terms revealed that more GO terms (51) were enriched for upregulated DEGs in the resistant genotype PI 270443, and more downregulated DEGs (67) were enriched in the susceptible genotype NC 714. DEGs in the biotic stress pathway showed more upregulated biotic stress pathway DEGs (67) for PI 270443 compared to more downregulated DEGs (125) for the susceptible NC 714 genotype. Resistant genotype PI 270443 has three upregulated DEGs for pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, and susceptible genotype NC 714 has one downregulated R gene. Sequence variations called from RNA-Seq reads against the reference genome of susceptible Heinz 1706 showed that chr11, which has multiple reported resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to BS race T4, is identical between two resistant lines, PI 270443 and NC 1CELBR, suggesting that these two lines share the same resistance QTLs on this chromosome. Several loci for PR resistance proteins with sequence variation between the resistant and susceptible tomato lines were near the known Rx4 resistance gene on chr11, and additional biotic stress associated DEGs near to the known Rx4 resistance gene were also identified from the susceptible NC 714 line.

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