scholarly journals Web-spinning sawflies of the genus Cephalcia Panzer (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae) in the Picea abies forests of the Beskidy Mountains (Poland)

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jachym
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Spruce Stands

This article presents a review of data and results of investigations from the period 1958–2006 regarding the occurrence of insects of the genus <I>Cephalcia</I> Panzer (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae) in Norway spruce stands of the Beskidy Mountains (Western Carpathians, southern Poland). Currently, eight species are known for the area: <I>C. abietis, C. alashanica, C. alpina, C. annulicornis, C. arvensis, C. erythrogaster, C. fulva</I> and <I>C. masuttii</I>. Information regarding each species is given, with details on identification, local occurrence and importance.

scholarly journals Merocoenoses of cambioxylophagous insect fauna of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) with focus on bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and types of tree damage in different gradation conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kula ◽  
W. Ząbecki
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Endemic Population

Research on merocoenoses of cambioxylophagous insect fauna of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) was carried out in spruce stands of different age in the area with an endemic population (Moravian-Silesian Beskids, Czech Republic) and in the area with an epidemic population (Beskid Żywiecki, Poland) of the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.). The structure of merocoenoses was characterized separately for standing trees attacked by bark beetles, trees struck by lightning, trees affected by fungal pathogens and wind-felling and trees in the form of snags and fragments. The occurrence of cambioxylophagous insects, mostly bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was compared between the study areas with emphasis on dominant facultative primary bark beetles and types of damage to spruce trees. &nbsp;

Stomatal SO2 uptake and sulfate accumulation in needles of Norway spruce stands (Picea abies) in Central Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 168-169 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Slovik ◽  
Alfred Siegmund ◽  
Gerald Kindermann ◽  
Rüdiger Riebeling ◽  
Árpad Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Spruce Stands

scholarly journals The effect of root rot and bark-stripping on wind stability of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) = Parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) vēja noturības izmaiņas sakņu trupes un stumbra mizas bojājumu ietekmē

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Oskars Krisans ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Bark Stripping ◽  
Secondary Failure ◽  
Spruce Stands

Climate change causes gradual decline of economic value of Norway spruce forestry except in boreal and hemiboreal forest zones that will remain suitable for this tree species. However, also in this region frequency and scale of damages caused by natural disturbances (abiotic and biotic factors) are expected to increase. Norway spruce will remain its economic significance and role in carbon sequestration in Latvia, if forest management practices will be changed to prevent or minimize the damages caused by natural disturbances. Information on effect of natural disturbances and their interactions on trees is vital for development of recommendations for adaptation of forestry to climate change. The aim of the thesis is to assess the effect of root rot and bark-stripping on possibility of wind induced damages in Norway spruce stands. Tree mechanical stability was primarily determined by its stem volume; however, the presence of damages, caused by biotic agents, such as root rot and bark-stripping, significantly reduced it. Morphometric parameters of Norway spruce stem and root plate differed significantly between stands on drained peat and mineral soils. Root-rot notably and significantly affected mechanical stability of trees regardless of soil type and volume of root-soil plate, resulting in similar reduction of wind load necessary to cause both primary and secondary failure. Consequences of bark-stripping primarily affected root-soil anchorage, more commonly causing uprooting than stem fracture. Most pronounced was reduction of resistance against primary failure. Changing wind climate, high population density of cervids and presence of root-rot will lead to increased risk of damages caused by (repeated) storms and subsequent legacy effects. The survival of forest stands depends on dimensions of trees and exposure time to different damaging agents, and, at current climate and silvicultural practice, was significantly reduced when transitioning into third age class (41-60 years). Targeted forestry, ensuring planting of improved material, lower initial density, timely precommercial thinning and thus ensuring faster reach of the tree dimension required for final harvest will reduce the time when stands are subjected to significant wind damage risk, thus minimizing the possibility of such disturbance and boosting value of Norway spruce stands.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal patterns of the Norway spruce decline in the Beskid Śląski and Żywiecki (Western Carpathians) in southern Poland

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Grodzki
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Winter Time

A dramatic forest decline due to the bark beetle outbreak, which occurs in the Norway spruce stands in the Western Beskidy (southern Poland) since 2003, was started after severe physiological drought during winter time. An analysis describing some spatio-temporal characteristics of this process, with special regard to the patterns of bark beetle occurrence related to root fungal diseases, is presented. In 2003 the bark beetle occurrence level assessed as high and catastrophic was recorded on 40% of the area, while in 2006 – on 59%. The range of <I>Armillaria</I> root disease and bark beetle outbreak increased towards higher altitudes, including the zone above 1,000 m a.s.l. The wind damage in 2004 and 2007, and high temperatures in the summer 2006, further stimulated the increase in bark beetle populations level. Some conclusions on possible development of the outbreak and recommendations concerning related needs in forest protection, are given.

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