scholarly journals Study of natural hybridization between Alnus incana (L.) Moench. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Banaev ◽  
V. Bažant
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Alnus Incana ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Veins ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Variation of metric and qualitative characteristics of <i>A. incana</i> (L.) Moench. and <i>A. glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn. has been studied in 10 natural populations in West Siberia, Russia and the Czech Republic in connection with the problem of natural hybridization. Morphological peculiarities of the species and their spontaneous hybrids are shown. Twelve leaf characteristics were used, in addition, qualitative characteristics were assessed, such as: type of bark, degree of pubescence of leaves and stems, and presence of a &ldquo;tuft&rdquo; in the angles of leaf veins. The reasons for hybridization of these species are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of Phytophthora alni subspecies in riparian stands in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S3-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Štěpánková ◽  
K. Černý ◽  
V. Strnadová ◽  
P. Hanáček ◽  
M. Tomšovský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Related Taxon ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr ◽  
Subspecific Level

In the Czech Republic, Phytophthora alni was first confirmed in 2001 and the pathogen has been quickly spreading and occupying almost the whole area of the country. The pathogen attacks Alnus glutinosa or A. incana to a lesser extent and causes considerable losses of alder trees along hundreds of kilometres of riverbanks. The aim of our work was to perform the identification of P. alni isolates at the subspecific level using PCR and to determine the frequencies and distribution of particular subspecies. The allele-specific PCR primers focused on allele diversity of orthologs of ASF-like, TRP1, RAS-Ypt, and GPA1 genes were selected for identification. Eighty-eight per cent of the 59 analysed isolates belonged to P. alni ssp. alni while 12% were P. alni ssp. uniformis. P. alni ssp. multiformis has not been recorded in the country till now. The two subspecies differed in distribution. P. alni ssp. alni dominated in riparian stands along broader rivers in lowlands and the results confirmed the more effective spreading of P. alni ssp. alni based on its higher aggressiveness and ecological advantage. P. alni ssp. uniformis was acquired rather from riparian stands of small watercourses at higher altitudes. The insular distribution of P. alni ssp. uniformis may represent the remains of its former occurrence. Therefore, P. alni ssp. uniformis may be an indigenous subspecies suppressed by the more aggressive related taxon.

scholarly journals Virulence and Diversity of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei in Israel and in the Czech Republic

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Dreiseitl ◽  
Amos Dinoor ◽  
Evsey Kosman
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Virulence Frequency

Three hundred and nine isolates were obtained from three natural populations of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei occurring on wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) at two locations in Israel during 1997 and 1999. Their virulence frequency was determined on 32 differential lines. No isolate was virulent on the differential lines possessing the genes Mla13, mlo, Mlf1, and Mli, and conversely no isolate was avirulent on the differential lines possessing the genes MlRu2, MlLa, Mlh, Mla8, Mla25, and Mlj. The frequencies of isolates overcoming the genes Mlg, Mla7, and Mla27 were 0 to 16% at individual locations; frequencies of isolates overcoming the genes Mla9, Mla17, and Mla18 ranged from 37 to 78%, and frequencies of virulences to genes Mla1, Mla3, Mla6, Mlp1, Mlat, Mla12, Mlra, Mlk1, Mla19, Mla20, Mla26, Mla28, Mla29, Mla30, Mla32, and mlt1 were 79 to 99%. Based on examination of 376 isolates collected in the same years from the Czech Republic, these populations differed greatly from the Israeli ones. The Czech populations showed greater diversity of virulence and lower mean virulence complexity than the Israeli populations. Diversity in the Israeli populations differed also among clusters of niches at the same location.

scholarly journals S-Genotype Diversity in Wild Cherry Populations in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
K. Sharma ◽  
J. Korecký ◽  
E.D. Patrizio Soldateschi ◽  
P. Sedlák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Forest Tree Breeding ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) S-genotyping is aimed to uncover and thus make it possible to select appropriate genotypes applicable in establishing commercial plantations and advanced forest tree breeding activities. The general and long-term aim is to increase genetic gain in economically valuable traits while maintaining sufficient genetic variability (represented by diverse S-alleles in population). We genotyped 123 accessions from wild cherry growing areas in the Czech Republic using polymerase chain reaction based length polymorphisms detection of S-RNase and SFB genes. The studied plant material revealed 18 different S-haplotypes, 54 S-genotypes corresponded to 25 defined incompatibility groups of cultivated sweet cherry. Eighteen unique S-genotypes were designated to group ‘0’ as a universal pollinator. Eleven new incompatibility groups were found out, of which four were cross-compatible with sweet cherry cultivars. The most frequent was a new incompatibility group S14S21 followed by the group S12S14. The haplotypes S14 (13%) and S1 (10%) were the most frequent whereas S20 was less frequent in the wild populations of cherry. The present study of S-genotyping in the wild cherry population reveals the genetic diversity structure of natural populations and hopefully will help define the breeding strategy including more accurate planning activities such as the optimal seed design of orchards.

Phytophthora alni. [Distribution map].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Alnus Incana ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Alnus Viridis ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytophthora alni Brasier & S.A. Kirk. Fungi: Oomycota: Peronosporales. Hosts: common alder (Alnus glutinosa), grey alder (Alnus incana), Italian alder (Alnus cordata) and green alder (Alnus viridis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, UK, England and Wales, Scotland), North America (USA, Alaska).

scholarly journals Spatial spread of Wolbachia in Rhagoletis cerasi populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vid Bakovic ◽  
Martin Schebeck ◽  
Arndt Telschow ◽  
Christian Stauffer ◽  
Hannes Schuler
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spatial Spread ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Rhagoletis Cerasi

The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia has been used to control insect pests owing to its ability to manipulate their life history and suppress infectious diseases. Therefore, knowledge on Wolbachia dynamics in natural populations is fundamental. The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi , is infected with the Wolbachia strain w Cer2, mainly present in southern and central European populations, and is currently spreading into w Cer2-uninfected populations driven by high unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility. Here, we describe the distribution of w Cer2 along two transition zones where the infection is spreading into w Cer2-uninfected R. cerasi populations. Fine-scale sampling of 19 populations in the Czech Republic showed a smooth decrease of w Cer2 frequency from south to north within a distance of less than 20 km. Sampling of 12 Hungarian populations, however, showed a sharp decline of w Cer2 infection frequency within a few kilometres. We fitted a standard wave equation to our empirical data and estimated a Wolbachia wave speed of 1.9 km yr −1 in the Czech Republic and 1.0 km yr −1 in Hungary. Considering the univoltine life cycle and limited dispersal ability of R. cerasi , our study highlights a rapid Wolbachia spread in natural host populations.

scholarly journals Significance of diarylheptanoids for chemotaxonomical distinguishing between Alnus glutinosa and Alnus incana

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Vidaković ◽  
Miroslav Novaković ◽  
Zorica Popović ◽  
Milan Janković ◽  
Rada Matić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Alnus Incana ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Group Population ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Markers ◽  
Hybrid Group

AbstractDiarylheptanoids are a group of secondary metabolites widely distributed in the Betulaceae family and characteristic forAlnusspecies. In this study, the chemotaxonomic power of diarylheptanoids, such as hirsutanonol-5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, rubranoside A, oregonin, platyphylloside, alnuside A and hirsutanonol, has been investigated in combination with principal component analysis (PCA) for differentiation ofAlnusspecies. Concentrations of six diarylheptanoids in the bark extracts of two natural populations ofAlnus glutinosa(black alder) andAlnus incana(gray alder) were determined by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). PCA clearly shows the separation of three groups. Populations I (A. glutinosa) and II (A. incana) both consisted of individuals of the corresponding species. Four individuals from both sampled populations formed a separate group (population III), which possibly represents a hybrid group. Accordingly, diarylheptanoids may serve in combination with PCA as chemotaxonomic markers at the species level, which may also reveal hybrid species.

Social variation in size at birth and preterm delivery in the Czech Republic and Sweden, 1989-91

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koupilova ◽  
Vagero ◽  
Leon ◽  
Pikhart ◽  
Prikazsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Social Variation ◽  
Size At Birth

On Geropsychology in the Czech Republic

GeroPsych ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Hana Stepankova ◽  
Eva Jarolimova ◽  
Eva Dragomirecka ◽  
Irena Sobotkova ◽  
Lenka Sulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rehabilitation Research

This work provides an overview of psychology of aging and old age in the Czech Republic. Historical roots as well as recent activities are listed including clinical practice, cognitive rehabilitation, research, and the teaching of geropsychology.

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