scholarly journals Effects of indole-3-carbinol on metabolic parameters and on lipogenesis and lipolysis in adipocytes 182

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Okulicz ◽  
I. Hertig ◽  
J. Chichłowska
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism

: Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) was found to have possible anticarcinogenic, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic effects on the organism. So far, its influence on metabolic pathways has been unknown. This work was the first attempt to determine the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism changes <I>in vivo</I> after administration of 150 mg/kg b.wt./day I3C to male rats. Additionally, the aim of this trial was to evaluate the direct effect of I3C on basal and hormone-induced lipogenesis and lipolysis in isolated rat adipocytes at concentrations 1, 10, 100 &mu;M <I>in vitro</I>. We can corroborate that adipocytes are susceptible to the direct action of I3C. The incubation of adipocytes with I3C at the three above-mentioned concentrations resulted in its influence on restriction of glucose entry into adipocytes in the basal as well as insulin-stimulated conditions. However, it was observed that I3C at these concentrations strongly intensified basic and epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis. I3C also has a significant influence on metabolism <I>in vivo</I>. Its administration to rats caused a significant increase in the content of triglycerides and a decrease in glycogen in the liver. The considerable augmentation of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein and insulin with a concomitant decrease in FFA concentrations was noted in the blood serum. I3C did not alter phospholipids, total, free, esterified cholesterol in the serum and the liver cholesterol. The results obtained <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vivo</I> indicate that the effect of I3C is adverse for the majority of metabolic parameters which were investigated. The most important finding in this study is the effect of I3C on liver steatosis and that the observed lower lipogenesis at higher lipolysis in fat cells may be involved in the mechanism.

Mechanism of action of Hexarelin. I. Growth hormone-releasing activity in the rat

1996 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Torsello ◽  
Roberta Grilli ◽  
Marina Luoni ◽  
Margherita Guidi ◽  
Maria Cristina Ghigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Surgical Ablation ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Plasma Gh

Torsello A, Grilli R, Luoni M, Guidi M, Ghigo MC, Wehrenberg WB, Deghenghi R, Müller EE, Locatelli V. Mechanism of action of Hexarelin. I. Growth hormone-releasing activity in the rat. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;135:481–8. ISSN 0804–4643 We have reported Hexarelin (HEXA), an analog of growth hormone-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6), potently stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion in infant and adult rats. This study was undertaken to further investigate Hexarelin's mechanisms of action. In 10-day-old pups, treatments with HEXA (80 μg/kg, b.i.d.) for 3–10 days significantly enhanced, in a time-related fashion, the GH response to an acute HEXA challenge. Qualitatively similar effects were elicited in pups passively immunized against growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) from birth. In adult male rats, a 5-day pretreatment with HEXA (150 μg/kg, b.i.d.) did not enhance the effect of the acute challenge, and the same pattern was present after a 5-day pretreatment in male rats with surgical ablation of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH-ablated rats). In addition, in adult sham-operated rats, Hexarelin (300 μg/kg, iv) induced a GH response greater (p < 0.05) than that induced by GHRH (2 μg/kg, iv). However, in MBH-ablated rats 7 days after surgery, GHRH was significantly (p < 0.05) more effective than HEXA, and 30 days after surgery HEXA and GHRH evoked similar rises of plasma GH. Finally, the in vitro Hexarelin (10−6 mol/l) effect was transient while GHRH (10−8 mol/l) induced a longer lasting and greater GH release. Three different mechanisms, not mutually exclusive, are postulated for Hexarelin stimulation of GH secretion in vivo: a direct action on the pituitary, though of minor relevance; an indirect action that involves release of GHRH, of relevance only in adult rats; and an action through the release of a still unknown hypothalamic "factor", which in infant and adult rats elicits GH release acting sinergistically with GHRH. Antonio Torsello, Department of Pharmacology, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy

scholarly journals The antiprogestin RU486 dissociates LH and FSH secretion in male rats: evidence for direct action at the pituitary level

1999 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Sanchez-Criado ◽  
C Bellido ◽  
M Tebar ◽  
A Ruiz ◽  
D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist ◽  
Lh Secretion

Administration of 4 mg of the antisteroid RU486 over 8 consecutive days to adult male rats dissociated in vivo and in vitro gonadotrophin secretion, increasing FSH and decreasing LH secretion. In subsequent experiments we evaluated the involvement of testicular or adrenal secretory products, as well as hypothalamic LHRH, in the effects of 4 consecutive days of RU486 treatment on the secretion of gonadotrophins. The first day of RU486 injection was designated day 1, subsequent days being numbered consecutively. Groups of rats injected with oil (0.2 ml) or RU486 (4 mg) were: (i) injected s.c. from day 1 to day 4 with the antiandrogen flutamide (10 mg/kg); (ii) bilateral orchidectomized (ORCH) on day 1; and (iii) bilateral adrenalectomized (ADX) on day 1. Controls were given flutamide vehicle or were sham operated. To ascertain whether the secretion of LHRH is involved in the effects of RU486 on gonadotrophin secretion, we measured the LHRH secretion into the pituitary stalk blood vessels at 1100 h on day 5 in oil- or RU486-treated rats. Additional oil- and RU486-treated rats were injected i.p. with 100 ng LHRH at 1000 h on day 5, or s.c. with 1 mg LHRH antagonist (LHRH-ANT) at 1000 h on days 2 and 4. Controls were given saline. All animals were decapitated at 1100 h on day 5, trunk blood collected and serum stored frozen until FSH, LH and testosterone assays.%While ADX had no effect on FSH and LH secretion in either oil- or RU486-treated rats, the removal of androgen negative feedback with flutamide treatment or by ORCH substantially increased serum levels of FSH and LH in both oil- and RU486-treated rats, and thus annulled the effects of RU486. No differences in pituitary stalk plasma LHRH concentrations were found between oil- and RU486-treated rats. Injection of LHRH increased serum FSH and LH concentrations in oil-treated rats but only, and to a lesser extent, LH concentrations in RU486-treated rats. Treatment with LHRH-ANT decreased serum concentrations of FSH and LH in both oil- and RU486-treated rats. These results suggest that RU486 inhibited LHRH-stimulated LH secretion at the pituitary level, and that FSH secretion increased in response to a reduction in the negative feedback of androgen.

Effects of portacaval shunt and transposition on fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis in rat liver

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. G83-G89
Author(s):  
J. C. Pector ◽  
J. Winand ◽  
J. P. Dehaye ◽  
J. Christophe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Portacaval Shunt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Portacaval Transposition

Male rats underwent either portacaval shunt or portacaval transposition; in both cases, sham-operated pair-fed rats served as controls. Three weeks after a portacaval shunt, fasting serum values of glucose (-35%) and cholesterol (-24%) were lower, and fasting plasma glucagon was higher (+65%). The wet weight of the liver and its total content in DNA, RNA, and protein decreased by 43, 40, 43, and 48%, respectively. The supernatant of liver obtained after centrifugation at 700 g incorporated less [1-14C]acetate (-56%) into fatty acids and less [1-14C]acetate (-94%) and [2-14C]mevalonate (-37%) into cholesterol. The activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase was reduced by 56%. The in vivo incorporation of [3H]H2O into liver fatty acids was 83% lower and that into liver cholesterol was 39% lower than in pair-fed controls. Several of the preceding parameters, including in vitro and in vivo labeling of hepatic fatty acids and cholesterol, were found to be mostly normal in rats with portacaval transposition. These data suggest that the reduction of fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver of rats with portacaval shunt was due to the reduction of total hepatic blood flow rather than to the diversion of portal blood constituents.

Cardioprotective Effects of Diet with Different Grains on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidative System in Obesity-Induced Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kim ◽  
H. Shin ◽  
S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Male Rats

In the present study, the nutritional quality of four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) were evaluated in terms of plasma lipid parameters, gut transit time, and thickness of the aortic wall in rats. The rats were then raised for 4 weeks on the high-fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93 G) diets containing 1 % cholesterol and 20 % dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into 4 groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the following grains: WR, AD, BW, or WB. The level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in liver was shown to be higher in rats by the order of those fed WR, AD, GB, and BW. This indicates that other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group (p < 0.05). Plasma lipid profiles differed significantly according to grain combination, and decreased aortic wall thickness was consistent with the finding of decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05) and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in rats fed AD, BW, and GB (p < 0.001). The antioxidant and hypolipidemic capacities of grains are quite high, especially those of adlay, buckwheat, and glutinous barley. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the whole grains had a cardioprotective effect. This effect was related to several mechanisms that corresponded to lowering plasma lipids, decreasing TBARS, and increasing antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Stamina-Enhancing Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110354
Author(s):  
Eun-Jung Yoon ◽  
Hye Rim Seong ◽  
Jangbeen Kyung ◽  
Dajeong Kim ◽  
Sangryong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

Stamina-enhancing effects of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) were investigated in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Ten-day-old male rats were transplanted intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with hADSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat), and physical activity was measured by locomotor activity and rota-rod performance at post-natal day (PND) 14, 20, 30, and 40, as well as a forced swimming test at PND 41. hADSCs injection increased the moving time in locomotor activity, the latency in rota-rod performance, and the maximum swimming time. For the improvement of physical activity, ICV transplantation was superior to IV injection. In biochemical analyses, ICV transplantation of hADSCs markedly reduced serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and muscular lipid peroxidation, the markers for muscular and hepatic injuries, despite the reduction in muscular glycogen and serum triglycerides as energy sources. Notably, hADSCs secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor in vitro, and increased the level of BDNF in the brain and muscles in vivo. The results indicate that hADSCs enhance physical activity including stamina not only by attenuating tissue injury, but also by strengthening the muscles via production of BDNF.

scholarly journals Oncogene APOL1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis via activating NOTCH1 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiewei Lin ◽  
Zhiwei Xu ◽  
Junjie Xie ◽  
Xiaxing Deng ◽  
Lingxi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Notch1 Signaling ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Notch1 Signaling Pathway

AbstractAPOL1 encodes a secreted high-density lipoprotein, which has been considered as an aberrantly expressed gene in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, the role of APOL1 in the regulatory mechanisms of pancreatic cancer remains unknown and should be explored. We identified APOL1 was abnormally elevated in human pancreatic cancer tissues compared with that in adjacent tissues and was associated with poor prognosis. The effects of APOL1 in PC cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis was verified via functional in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results showed that knockdown of APOL1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of pancreatic cancer. In addition, we identified APOL1 could be a regulator of NOTCH1 signaling pathway using bioinformatics tools, qRT-PCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and western blotting. In summary, APOL1 could function as an oncogene to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis through activating NOTCH1 signaling pathway expression in pancreatic cancer; therefore, it may act as a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long–Evans Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4634
Author(s):  
Md. Shaekh Forid ◽  
Md. Atiar Rahman ◽  
Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi ◽  
Md. Nazim Uddin ◽  
Tapashi Ghosh Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

This research investigated a UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-based phytochemical profiling of Combretum indicum leaf extract (CILEx), and explored its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic effects in a Long–Evans rat model. After a one-week intervention, the animals’ blood glucose, lipid profile, and pancreatic architectures were evaluated. UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS fragmentation of CILEx and its eight docking-guided compounds were further dissected to evaluate their roles using bioinformatics-based network pharmacological tools. Results showed a very promising antioxidative effect of CILEx. Both doses of CILEx were found to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC), and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Pancreatic tissue architectures were much improved compared to the diabetic control group. A computational approach revealed that schizonepetoside E, melianol, leucodelphinidin, and arbutin were highly suitable for further therapeutic assessment. Arbutin, in a Gene Ontology and PPI network study, evolved as the most prospective constituent for 203 target proteins of 48 KEGG pathways regulating immune modulation and insulin secretion to control diabetes. The fragmentation mechanisms of the compounds are consistent with the obtained effects for CILEx. Results show that the natural compounds from CILEx could exert potential antidiabetic effects through in vivo and computational study.

scholarly journals Reductions of copper ion-mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidations of trypsin inhibitors, the sweet potato root major proteins, and LDL binding capacities

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeh-Lin Lu ◽  
Chia-Jung Lee ◽  
Shyr-Yi Lin ◽  
Wen-Chi Hou
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Native Page

Abstract Background The root major proteins of sweet potato trypsin inhibitors (SPTIs) or named sporamin, estimated for 60 to 80% water-soluble proteins, exhibited many biological activities. The human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) showed to form in vivo complex with endogenous oxidized alpha-1-antitrypsin. Little is known concerning the interactions between SPTIs and LDL in vitro. Results The thiobarbituric-acid-reactive-substance (TBARS) assays were used to monitor 0.1 mM Cu2+-mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidations during 24-h reactions with or without SPTIs additions. The protein stains in native PAGE gels were used to identify the bindings between native or reduced forms of SPTIs or soybean TIs and LDL, or oxidized LDL (oxLDL). It was found that the SPTIs additions showed to reduce LDL oxidations in the first 6-h and then gradually decreased the capacities of anti-LDL oxidations. The protein stains in native PAGE gels showed more intense LDL bands in the presence of SPTIs, and 0.5-h and 1-h reached the highest one. The SPTIs also bound to the oxLDL, and low pH condition (pH 2.0) might break the interactions revealed by HPLC. The LDL or oxLDL adsorbed onto self-prepared SPTIs-affinity column and some components were eluted by 0.2 M KCl (pH 2.0). The native or reduced SPTIs or soybean TIs showed different binding capacities toward LDL and oxLDL in vitro. Conclusion The SPTIs might be useful in developing functional foods as antioxidant and nutrient supplements, and the physiological roles of SPTIs-LDL and SPTIs-oxLDL complex in vivo will investigate further using animal models.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document