scholarly journals Quality of wheat germ oil obtained by cold pressing and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Özcan ◽  
A. Rosa ◽  
M.A. Dessi ◽  
B. Marongıu ◽  
A. Pıras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Cold Pressing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Extraction ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Cold Pressed

Laboratory-prepared wheat germ oil was obtained by cold pressing and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction. The main objective was to compare the quality of both oil samples obtained, with emphasis on their fatty acids compositions and tocopherol contents. The percentages of palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids determined in the cold-pressed oil were 15.89, 15.48, 54.88, and 7.34% of total fatty acids, respectively, and those in the oil extracted by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> were 16.50, 15.05, 54.79, and 7.29% of total fatty acids, respectively. The average proportions of saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids calculated for wheat germ oil obtained by cold pressing accounted for 17.15, 17.63, and 62.22% of total fatty acids, respectively, and those calculated for wheat germ oil extracted by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> were very similar, accounting for 18.14, 17.58, and 62.08% of total fatty acids, respectively. As expected, the fatty acid profiles determined in both oils studied were observed to be almost identical. In contrast, the level of &alpha;-tocopherol in the oil extracted by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> was found to be considerably higher (1.27 mg/g) than that in the oil obtained by the cold pressing procedure (0.79 mg/g). &nbsp;

Fish oil plus wheat germ oil have no prominent effect on homocysteine levels and nutritional indices in hemodialysis patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hadeer Zakaria ◽  
Tarek M. Mostafa ◽  
Gamal A. El-Azab ◽  
Nagy AH Sayed-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Serum Homocysteine

Abstract. Background: Elevated homocysteine levels and malnutrition are frequently detected in hemodialysis patients and are believed to exacerbate cardiovascular comorbidities. Omega-3 fatty acids have been postulated to lower homocysteine levels by up-regulating metabolic enzymes and improving substrate availability for homocysteine degradation. Additionally, it has been suggested that prevention of folate depletion by vitamin E consumption decreases homocysteine levels. However, data on the effect of omega-3 fatty acids and/or vitamin E on homocysteine levels and nutritional status have been inconclusive. Therefore, this study was planned to examine the effect of combined supplementation of fish oil, as a source of omega-3 fatty acids, with wheat germ oil, as a source of vitamin E, on homocysteine and nutritional indices in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-six hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to two equally-sized groups; a supplemented group who received 3000 mg/day of fish oil [1053 mg omega-3 fatty acids] plus 300 mg/day of wheat germ oil [0.765 mg vitamin E], and a matched placebo group who received placebo capsules for 4 months. Serum homocysteine and different nutritional indices were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Twenty patients in each group completed the study. At the end of the study, there were no significant changes in homocysteine levels and in the nutritional indices neither in the supplemented nor in the placebo-control groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Fish oil and wheat germ oil combination did not produce significant effects on serum homocysteine levels and nutritional indices of hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Cold-Pressed Oil from Blanched and Microwave-Pretreated Pomegranate Seed

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Kaseke ◽  
Umezuruike Linus Opara ◽  
Olaniyi Amos Fawole
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Yellowness Index ◽  
Cold Pressing ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Pomegranate Seed ◽  
Cold Pressed

The present research studied the influence of blanching and microwave pretreatment of seeds on the quality of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) extracted by cold pressing. Pomegranate seeds (cv. Acco) were independently blanched (95 ± 2 °C/3 min) and microwave heated (261 W/102 s) before cold pressing. The quality of the extracted oil was evaluated with respect to oxidation indices, refractive index, yellowness index, total carotenoids content, total phenolic content, flavor compounds, fatty acid composition, and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging capacity. Blanching and microwave pretreatments of seeds before pressing enhanced oil yield, total phenolic content, flavor compounds, and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity. Although the levels of oxidation indices, including the peroxide value, free fatty acids, acid value, ρ-anisidine value, and total oxidation value, also increased, and the oil quality conformed to the requirements of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CODEX STAN 19-1981) standard for cold-pressed vegetable oils. On the other hand, blanching and microwave heating of seeds decreased the pomegranate seed oil’s yellowness index, whilst the refractive index was not significantly (p > 0.05) affected. Even though both blanching and microwave pretreatment of seeds added value to the cold-pressed PSO, the oil extracted from blanched seeds exhibited lower oxidation indices. Regarding fatty acids, microwave pretreatment of seeds before cold pressing significantly increased palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, whilst it decreased the level of punicic acid. On the contrary, blanching of seeds did not significantly affect the fatty acid composition of PSO, indicating that the nutritional quality of the oil was not significantly affected. Therefore, blanching of seeds is an appropriate and valuable step that could be incorporated into the mechanical processing of PSO.

The Isolation from Cottonseed Oil of an Alcohol Resembling Alpha Tocopherol from Wheat Germ Oil

Science ◽  
1936 ◽  
Vol 83 (2157) ◽  
pp. 421-421
Author(s):  
Oliver H. Emerson ◽  
Gladys A. Emerson ◽  
Herbert M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil

scholarly journals Dietary Betaine and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Influence Circulating Fatty Acids and Alpha-Tocopherol in Cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Author(s):  
Dennis Jewell ◽  
Laura Heflin-Morgan ◽  
Matthew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Short Hair ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the interaction of dietary betaine and two different sources of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): alpha-linolenate (ALA) and combined eicosapentaenoate (EPA) and docosahexaenoate (DHA) on subsequent circulating single carbon metabolism and metabolomics. Methods This study was a complete factorial with or without added betaine and 3 levels of PUFA. Forty eight domestic short hair cats with an average age of 5.8 years (range 1–12) were used in this study. All cats were assigned to a pre-feed period (14 days) and then assigned to one of the six treatment foods: control, control plus 0.35% ALA (flaxseed used to increase ALA), control plus 0.27% EPA&DHA combined (added fish oil as a source), control plus 0.5% betaine, control plus ALA and 0.5% betaine or control plus EPA&DHA and 0.5% betaine. All treatment foods were fed for sixty days. Blood analysis (CBC, chem screens, fatty acid profiles, and metabolome) was completed at the beginning and at the end of the study. Statistical analysis used PUFA source or intake, betaine and interaction with p ≤ 0.05 used as significant. Results Dietary betaine increased circulating betaine, dimethyl glycine, sarcosine and methionine while adding ALA increased circulating ALA, and EPA&DHA increased their respective circulating concentrations. Betaine increased circulating arachidonic acid when added alone or with ALA with no change when betaine and EPA&DHA were added together. Dietary betaine increased the slope of the linear relationship between circulating EPA (or DHA) to dietary EPA (or DHA). Dietary betaine resulted in an increased concentration of alpha-tocopherol. Similar results were observed with circulating beta- and gamma-tocopherol (combined). Conclusions Dietary betaine influences the circulating concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the methyl donor pathway. It also increases circulating tocopherols. Funding Sources This study was funded by Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc.

Mammary gland and milk fatty acid composition of two dairy goat breeds under feed-restriction

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Palma ◽  
Susana P. Alves ◽  
Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano ◽  
Juan Capote ◽  
Noemí Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Acid Percentage

Goat dairy products are an important source of animal protein in the tropics. During the dry season, pasture scarcity leads animals to lose up to 40% of their body weight, a condition known as Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL) that is one of the major constraints in ruminant production. Breeds with high tolerance to SWL are relevant to understand the physiological responses to pasture scarcity so they could be used in programs for animal breeding. In the Canary Islands there are two dairy goat breeds with different levels of tolerance to SWL: the Palmera, susceptible to SWL; and the Majorera, tolerant to SWL. Fat is one of the milk components most affected by environmental and physiological conditions. This study hypothesises that feed-restriction affects Majorera and Palmera breeds differently, leading to different fatty acid profiles in the mammary gland and milk. An interaction between breed and feed-restriction was observed in the mammary gland. Feed-restriction was associated with an increase in oleic acid and a decrease in palmitic acid percentage in the Palmera breed whereas no differences were observed in the Majorera breed. Palmitic and oleic acids together constituted around 60% of the total fatty acids identified, which suggests that Palmera breed is more susceptible to SWL. In milk, feed-restriction affected both breeds similarly. Regarding the interaction of the breed with the treatment, we also observed similar responses in both breeds, but this influence affects only around 2% of the total fatty acids. In general, Majorera breed is more tolerant to feed-restriction.

Characterization of 9 Newly Bred Peanut Genotypes for Seed Fatty Acid Profiles Suitable for Biodiesel Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1134-1137
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Zhang ◽  
Xiu Zhen Wang ◽  
Yue Yi Tang ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Quan Xi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Seed Fatty Acid ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Nine newly bred peanut genotypes from our research group were analyzed for their seed fatty acid composition. Oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids were 3 major fatty acids in peanut seed oil, together constituting 89.65%-91.83% of total fatty acids in peanut seeds. Five of the peanut lines/cultivars tested had an oleate to linoleate ratio (O/L) of 19.11-31.37, and may be classified as high-oleic, providing good sources for biodiesel production. Of them, 12L48 is most promising due to its high productivity and saline tolerance.

THE ISOLATION FROM COTTONSEED OIL OF AN ALCOHOL RESEMBLING ALPHA TOCOPHEROL FROM WHEAT GERM OIL

Science ◽  
1936 ◽  
Vol 83 (2157) ◽  
pp. 421-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Emerson ◽  
G. A. Emerson ◽  
H. M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil
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