scholarly journals Response of winter wheat cultivars to artificial infection with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in field and greenhouse conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 575-579
Author(s):  
J. Šárová ◽  
V. Šíp ◽  
A. Hanzalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

The response of 22 winter wheat cultivars to artificial infection with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has been studied in the field conditions for three years and in the greenhouse conditions as well. The set of cultivars included the cultivars registered in the Czech Republic and Swiss cultivar Arina known for satisfactory resistance to different foliar and head blights. High level of field resistance to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis was detected in cultivars Arina, Vlasta, Rialto, Athlet, Trane, Siria, Vega, Alana, Samara. Not all cultivars showed similar reaction in field and greenhouse tests. Correlation between results of the field and the greenhouse tests was significant for 18 of 22 cultivars. Arina, Vlasta and Vega showed acceptable field resistance and high resistance in the greenhouse tests to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis too. The greenhouse experiments helped to differentiate between examined isolates collected from the territory of the Czech Republic. Cultivar reaction to isolates No. 98001, 98007, 98010, 00071 correlated significantly with the field results.

scholarly journals Reaction of 50 Winter Wheat Cultivars Grown in the Czech   Republic to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Races 1, 3, and 6

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
J. Palicová-Šárová ◽  
A. Hanzalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
High Level

The reaction of 50 winter wheat cultivars/lines to artificial infection with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (PTR) races 1, 3, and 6 was studied under greenhouse conditions. The set of tested cultivars/lines included predominantly cultivars registered in the Czech Republic and some new breeding lines. A high level of resistance to P. tritici-repentis was detected in the cultivars Clarus, Rheia, Cubus, SHMK WW 14-92, Šárka, Vlasta and Dromos (SWS 799.14953), susceptible reactions were observed in the cultivars Caphorn, Corsaire, Karolinum, Heroldo (PBIS 00/91), Hedvika, Biscay, Svitava, Barroko (PBIS 00/140) to all three races tested. The majority of the tested cultivars possess a moderate level of resistance to PTRraces 1, 3, and 6. Significant differences were proved not only in the reaction of the tested cultivars but also in the aggressiveness of the three used isolates.  

scholarly journals Survey of incidence of bunts (Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa) in the Czech Republic and susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Váňová ◽  
P. Matušinský ◽  
J. Benada
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Tilletia Caries ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Natural Infestation

Bunts (caused by <i>Tilletia caries</i> and <i>T. controversa</i>) belong to very important diseases of winter wheat because contaminated commodities (seeds, foods and feeds) affect the marketability of the crop on both domestic and export markets. They can be relatively easily controlled by chemical seed treatments. Due to the availability of effective chemical control, the reaction of wheat cultivars to bunts has so far not been an important trait for plant breeders in some areas of the world. However, if synthetic chemicals are not allowed, like in organic farming, untreated seed may quickly lead to a build-up of bunt to levels that render the crop unmarketable. The use of wheat cultivars partially or fully resistant to bunts could greatly contribute to ease the bunt problem. The reaction of winter wheat cultivars was evaluated in field tests. Seeds of winter wheat were inoculated with teliospores of <i>T. caries</i>. The reaction to <i>T. controversa</i> was studied under heavy natural infestation with spores in the soil. With <i>T. caries</i>, the heaviest infection was found in cvs Drifter and Ebi, while cvs Nela, Brea and Samanta had the lowest. The average level of infection with <i>T. controversa</i> was higher than that of <i>T. caries</i>. The cvs Niagara, Brea and Versailles had significantly lower numbers of bunt ears of <i>T. controversa</i> in 2002. The incidence of both bunts in grain samples that had not been cleaned and sorted after harvest was monitored for 4 years. A total of 1 058 samples collected from various locations in the Czech Republic were analysed for the presence of bunt spores and the species determined. The investigation demonstrated a rather widespread occurrence of bunts across the Czech Republic, with <i>T. controversa</i> being more frequent.

scholarly journals Resistance of winter wheat cultivars to eyespot and characterisation of causal agents of the disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Palicová Jana ◽  
Matušinsky Pavel ◽  
Dumalasová Veronika ◽  
Hanzalová Alena ◽  
Bížová Irena
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lower Severity ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Oculimacula Yallundae

The reaction of ten winter wheat cultivars grown in the Czech Republic to inoculation with Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis was evaluated in a small plot trial. In a parallel field trial the natural occurrence of stem-base disease complex in six of the tested cultivars was assessed. Lower severity of eyespot (and/or stem-base diseases) was observed in cultivars possessing the resistance gene Pch1 (cvs Hermann, Annie, Princeps, Manager, and Rebell) in plots inoculated with Oculimacula spp. as well as in natural field conditions. A total of 468 wheat stem bases from the Czech Republic was screened by PCR to study the frequency of eyespot causal agents. The plants were colonised significantly more often by both species Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis together than separately.

scholarly journals Determination of leaf rust resistance genes Lr10, Lr26 and Lr37 by molecular markers in wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
T. Sumíková ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Twenty-seven winter wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were tested by molecular markers for the presence of Lr26 and Lr37, and twenty-eight cultivars for the presence of Lr10. Gene Lr37 was determined in eleven cultivars, gene Lr10 in ten cultivars and gene Lr26 in four cultivars. Eight cultivars had combinations of two Lr genes, one cultivar possessed all the three Lr genes. The results of marker analyses were compared with multipathotype analysis which confirmed the presence of Lr26 but did not enable the verification of the presence of Lr10 and Lr37. Seedling resistance was compared with resistance of the studied cultivars in the field.

scholarly journals Resistance of winter wheat cultivars to leaf rust in conditions of the Central Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.R. Manukyan ◽  
N.N. Dogusova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

The main problem of wheat immunity to leaf rust is the loss of efficiency of most Lrgenes. The decrease in efficiency is associated with microevolutionary processes within the population and the emergence of new virulent phytopathogen races that can overcome previously efficient resistance genes. The article presents the results of the phytopathological test and marker analysis of the selected material of winter wheat for resistance to the leaf rust pathogen (Puccinia recondita Rob.ex Desm f. sp. tritici.). The object of the research was 20 cultivar samples of various ecological and geographical origins. DNA was isolated from the leaves of 10-day-old wheat germs. Molecular markers were used for the following genes: Lr9 (SCS5), Lr10 (Fi.2245/Lr10-6/r2), Lr19/Sr25 (SCS265), Lr20/Sr15 (STS638), Lr24/Sr24 (Sr24#12), Lr34/Sr57 (csLV34), Lr37/Sr38/Yr17/Pch2/Cre5 (Ventriup/LN2), Lr41 (GDM35), Lr47 (PS10). Using molecular markers, the studied wheat varieties did not reveal the highly and partially effective genes Lr9, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr41, and Lr47 in Russia, and the ineffective gene Lr20/Sr1. As a result of molecular screening, it was found that the List 25 variety had Lr37 genes; the Mif variety had Lr10 genes; the Eltan variety had Lr10 genes; the Markola variety had Lr34 genes; the Malvina variety had Lr26 genes; the Tvorets variety had Lr10 genes; the DB 1/05 variety had Lr10 genes; the Evklid variety had Lr10 genes; the Sumai aut variety had Lr34 genes; the Lebidka odes'ka variety had Lr34 genes; the Solara variety – Lr34; the Zhiva variety – Lr10, Lr34. When comparing the results of marker analysis with field resistance to leaf rust, the resistant type of reaction to infection (R) was shown by the cultivars: Battum, Eltan, Evklid, Areal, and Solara; the susceptible type of reaction (S) was noted in the cultivars Markola and Mallyska; the medium susceptible type of reaction (MS) – in the cultivars Lebidka odes'ka and Tvorets.

scholarly journals Reaction of wheat, alternative wheat and triticale cultivars to common bunt

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumalasová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spelt Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

&nbsp;Seventeen winter wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were tested for reaction to common bunt in 2&ndash;3 year field trials. Bunt infection of resistant checks Globus and Bill varied between 4.1% and 10.6%; the highest infection in cv. Pitbull reached 85.9%. Of the recently registered cultivars Nikol has a relatively low bunt incidence (26.9%). In addition to bread wheat seventeen triticale, seven durum wheat cultivars, two spelt wheat cultivars and one emmer wheat cultivar were tested in the field and some of them also in the greenhouse. Bunt infection of durum wheats was lower than that of bread wheat cultivars. All seventeen tested triticale cultivars were resistant. The reaction of emmer wheat cultivar and spelt wheat cultivars to common bunt was lower than that of susceptible bread wheat checks.

scholarly journals Selenium in colour-grained winter wheat and spring tritordeum

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Phuong LE Minh ◽  
Lachman Jaromír ◽  
KOTÍKOVÁ Zora ◽  
Orsák Matyáš ◽  
MICHLOVÁ Tereza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Grain Colour

Eighteen winter wheat cultivars with different grain colour (purple-, blue-, yellow- and red-grained) and three spring tritordeum yellow-grained cultivars and breeding lines were assessed for grain selenium (Se) content from the crop season 2014/2015 on the experimental field Agrotest fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž (Czech Republic). Se content has shown to be genotype dependent, with the highest contents in control red-grained cv. Bohemia (0.235 mg/kg dry matter (DM)) and yellow-grained cv. Bona Vita (0.229 mg/kg DM), and breeding lines V2 10–16 (blue-grained), KM 53–14 (blue-grained) and V2 15–16 (yellow-grained) winter wheats. In new spring tritordeums, average Se content was comparable (0.039 mg/kg DM) with purple pericarp wheats (0.042 mg/kg DM); in wheats with blue aleurone and yellow endosperm it was higher (0.057 mg/kg DM and 0.069 mg/kg DM). Although in most cultivars the Se contents were not significantly different, statistically significant differences were determined between the cvs. Bohemia and Bona Vita with the highest Se content and breeding line V2 31–16 with the lowest Se content as well as between the cv. Bohemia and breeding line KM 178–14. Grain colour of wheat cultivars and breeding lines affected Se content, so possible wheat genetic resources for use in the breeding process can be assessed. Diversity in certain wheat accessions offers genetic potential for developing cultivars with better ability to accumulate beneficial Se micronutrient in grains.

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