scholarly journals Distribution of cucurbit powdery mildew species in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 415-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Křístková ◽  
A. Lebeda ◽  
B. Sedláková ◽  
M. Duchoslav
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Sphaerotheca Fuliginea ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Erysiphe Cichoracearum ◽  
Ampelomyces Quisqualis ◽  
Fast Spreading ◽  
Cucurbit Powdery Mildew

The occurrence of Erysiphe cichoracearum (Ec) and Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Sf), causal agents of cucurbit powdery mildew<br />in the Czech Republic (CR) was studied in the period of 1995–2001. Nearly 800 leaf samples with disease symptoms<br />were microscopically examined. Ec is the predominating species, detected on 98% of locations. It was accompanied by Sf<br />on 24% of locations. The occurrence of Sf as the only powdery mildew species was proved on 2% of locations. Recent<br />occurrence of Sf in the CR corresponds with data on Sf fast spreading and prevailing on cucurbits in West and South<br />Europe. However, Ec is the strongly predominating powdery mildew species largely distributed throughout the country.<br />The hyperparasitic fungus Ampelomyces quisqualis was detected on 30% of samples.

scholarly journals Occurrence of anamorphic and teleomorphic stage of Erysiphe palczewskii (syn. Microsphaera palczewskii) on Caragana arborescens in the Czech Republic and Austria and its morphological characterisation

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebeda ◽  
B. Mieslerová ◽  
M. Sedlářová ◽  
M. Pejchal
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Morphological Characterisation ◽  
Ampelomyces Quisqualis ◽  
Caragana Arborescens ◽  
Detailed Record ◽  
Private Garden

During the summer of 2007 in a private garden in Smržice (district Prostějov, Czech Republic) symptoms of powdery mildew on <I>Caragana arborescens</I> were recorded. Until now at least two powdery mildew species (<I>Microsphaera trifolii</I> var. <I>trifolii</I> and <I>M. palczewskii</I>), both differing in some basic morphological features, have been recorded for the genus <I>Caragana</I>. Comparison of our measurements with previous descriptions of powdery mildew samples found in the Czech Republic on <I>Caragana arborescens</I> identified our species as <I>Microsphaera palczewskii</I> (newly <I>Erysiphe palczewskii</I>). This is probably the first detailed record of this species on C. <I>arborescens</I> in the Czech Republic. Fungus from Czech Republic was compared with the material collected in 2007 in Vienna (Austria). The aim of this paper was to provide a detailed comparative morphological characterisation of <I>E. palczewskii</I> anamorph and teleomorph found in the Czech Republic and in Austria. Serious reduction of the anamorph, caused by hyperparasitic fungus <I>Ampelomyces quisqualis</I>, was recorded on the sample from Austria.

scholarly journals Evaluation of gooseberry cultivars resistance to the American gooseberry powdery mildew Sphaerotheca mors uvae Schwein and its chemical control

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 583-587
Author(s):  
M. Vaverka ◽  
S. Vaverka
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Susceptibility Evaluation

In the course of 1993–2001 extensive field trials were carried out to evaluate the resistance (susceptibility) level of 34 gooseberry cultivars to the American gooseberry powdery mildew Sphaerotheca mors uvae Schwein. Cultivars originated from the Czech Republic and from other European countries. Each tested cultivar had 7 trees (5–10 years old). Beside the resistance (susceptibility) evaluation, biological efficacy of 9 fungicides using EPPO methods has been checked at the same number of cultivars and at the same number of gooseberry trees. Highly significant differences of resistance or susceptibility were observed among gooseberry varieties. Analogical results (differences in biological activity of fungicides) have been attained in the course of chemical treatment. 18 cultivars has been classified as low resistant, 12 cultivars as moderate resistant and 4 cultivars as high resistant. None of the tested fungicides proved perfect biological efficacy (100% healthy berries). 4 of them proved high biological effect (more than 90% healthy berries), 3 proved low biological activity (less than 75% healthy berries) and 2 proved moderate biological activity (75–90% healthy berries).

scholarly journals Long-lasting changes in the species spectrum of cucurbit powdery mildew in the Czech Republic – influence of air temperature changes or random effect?

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S41-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebeda ◽  
B. Sedláková ◽  
E. Křístková ◽  
M. Vysoudil
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Influence Spreading

Two ectoparasite powdery mildew species <i>Golovinomyces cichoracearum</i> (<i>Gc</i>) and <i>Podosphaera xanthii</i> (<i>Px</i>) occurring on cucurbits differ, besides other characteristics, by specific ecologic requirements. While <i>Px</i> is common in subtropical and tropical areas and greenhouse crops, <i>Gc</i> occurs more frequently in temperate and cooler areas under field conditions. Their presence on cucurbit field crops (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>, <i>C. maxima</i>, <i>Cucumis sativus</i>) was monitored in the Czechoslovakia (1979–1980) and in the Czech Republic (1995–2007). Their identification was carried out by microscopic observation of the morphological characteristics of the dry conidia on 1527 leaf samples. Data on air temperature in 1979–2007 were provided by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. In 1979–1980 <i>Gc</i> was identified in 86.0% of samples, <i>Px</i> in 14.0% samples, there was no mixed infection; prevalence of <i>Px</i> was recorded in South Slovakia and South Moravia, and on crops under cover. Since 1995 species <i>Px</i> was recorded each year on field crops in different locations of Bohemia and Moravia, usually in mixed infection with <i>Gc</i>. The average year temperature of 8.1°C for period 1992–2007 was higher than corresponding value of 7.4°C in 1979–1983. Similarly, average temperature in vegetation season of 16.2°C in 1992–2007 was higher than corresponding value of 15.7°C in 1979–1983. The higher air temperature can positively influence spreading of <i>Px</i> in the Czech Republic. Climate variability and effect of their changes are discussed in relationship to the geographic distribution and geographic patterns of cucurbit powdery mildews.

First record of powdery mildew on Homalocladium platycladum in the Czech Republic

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebeda ◽  
B. Mieslerová ◽  
V. Rybka ◽  
M. Sedlářová ◽  
I. Petrželová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Severity of powdery mildew on winter barley in the Czech Republic in 1976–2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
High Infection ◽  
High Disease Severity ◽  
Important Disease

Results of scoring the reaction to powdery mildew of 240 winter barley varieties that were gradually included in 392 Czech Official Trials conducted at 21 locations were analysed. The reaction of the varieties was determined on the basis of the level of infection by the disease. Therefore, the data can also be used to assess the disease severity in years and at locations. Several characteristics indicative of disease severity were considered, including the disease severity coefficient (= average infection of susceptible varieties in trials with a high disease severity/the proportion of such trials). The value of the coefficient is inversely proportional to disease severity. The highest powdery mildew severity was found in 1976, and the years 1988, 1990 and 2003 were characterised by high infection of the examined varieties. In contrast, the disease was practically absent in 1979 and 1982, and its severity was also low in 1978, 1981, 1985, 1991 and 1998. Very low disease severity was found for the period 1977–1982 when insufficient disease severity was found on average in 78% of the trials and high disease severity in only 6% of the trials. The highest disease severity was found at locations Trutnov, Horažďovice and Chrastava. The analysis of data from a large number of field trials conducted at various locations for a period of 30 years confirmed that powdery mildew is an important disease of winter barley in the Czech Republic. Known genetic sources of resistance and current methods, such as marker assisted selection, enable breeders to solve this problem.

scholarly journals Fabian two-row winter barley

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
Z. Nesvadba ◽  
J. Špunar ◽  
M. Kadlíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Very High

Fabian is a medium-late two-row feedin barley of winter habit developed at Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměř&iacute;ž, Czech Republic (breeders&rsquo; rights holder) and registered in the Czech Republic in 2011. In the Official Variety Trials it showed high grain yields under intensive growing conditions (104.5%) and medium yields under low input conditions (101.1%). Fabian has the highest cold hardiness of the registered two-row winter barleys and regenerates very well in the spring. Its resistance to powdery mildew is very high (score 8.2 on a 1&ndash;9 scale). It has medium plant height, moderate resistance to lodging and large yellow kernel. The spike is long and of medium density.

scholarly journals Virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes of winter barley cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Random Samples

The virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes possessed by winter barley cultivars registered and newly tested in the Czech Republic were studied in 2000, 2002 and 2004. Random samples of the populations originating from winter and spring barley fields were obtained from the air by a mobile version of a jet spore sampler mounted on a car roof. Conidia were sampled by driving across the Czech Republic. Fourteen differentials, carrying 18 out of 20 currently identified resistance genes present in winter barley cultivars, were used. High virulence frequencies (85&ndash;100%) to most resistance genes were found. Lower virulence frequencies (14.1&ndash;40.1%) were found to only three resistance genes that have not been described yet; their preliminary designations are Ml(Va), Ml(Dt) and Ml(Ca). The importance of resistance of winter barley cultivars is discussed with respect to limiting the speed with which the pathogen adapts to genetic resistances possessed by commercial cultivars of both winter and spring barley, and to the necessity of lowering the costs for powdery mildew control in barley.

scholarly journals First report of powdery mildew on Cissus rhombifolia caused by Erysiphe necator in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Sung-Eun Cho ◽  
Ji-Hyun Park ◽  
Libor Jankovský ◽  
Hyeon-Dong Shin
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Erysiphe Necator ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Report
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