scholarly journals Application of molecular methods for characterization of Botrytis fabae and Botrytis cinerea of faba bean

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
N.M. Abou-Zeid ◽  
I.H. Dorriah ◽  
A.A. Marwa
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Conidial Morphology ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Botrytis Fabae

Application of the RAPD methods allowed to clearly characterization of isolates of Botrytis fabae and isolates of B. cinerea. Results from RAPD-PCR analysis indicate different groups. Clusters were related with groups based on conidial morphology, morphological characters of the isolates of Botrytis spp.

scholarly journals Strain Improvement and Genetic Characterization of Indigenous Aspergillus Flavus for Amylolytic Potential

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400
Author(s):  
Sobiya Shafique ◽  
Rukhsana Bajwa ◽  
Shazia Shafique
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Mutant Strains

Aspergillus flavus FCBP–231, a filamentous fungus, was genetically modified for its ability to reveal extra cellular α-amylase activity. For strain improvement, the selected strains were subjected to UV irradiation (5-40 min exposure) and EMS treatment (50–300 μg mL−1) for hyper activity of an α-amylase enzyme. The mutants were quantitatively compared with the parental strain. UV and chemical mutagenesis brought about a dramatic enhancement in enzymatic activity. The mutant strains Af-UV-5.3 and Af-Ch-5.7 exhibited 79 and 110% more enzyme activity than the native strain A. flavus FCBP-231. This improvement in enzyme activity of the mutants suggests that they are suitable strains to be used in biotechnology. RAPD–PCR analysis revealed different patterns of amplicons of native as well as mutant derivatives, which suggested that the mutation imparted changes in the genetic make up of the mutants probably involved enzyme production control.

Biological and genetic characterization of morphologically similar Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with different host utilization

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sunnucks ◽  
F. Driver ◽  
W. V. Brown ◽  
M. Carver ◽  
D. F. Hales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profile ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Western Palaearctic

AbstractThe aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) is indigenous to the western Palaearctic region, where it colonizes lucerne (alfalfa), clovers and related legumes. A form of the species, T. trifolii f. maculata (the spotted alfalfa aphid, SAA), has been known in Australia since 1977, feeding almost exclusively on Medicago sativa (lucerne). Since 1989, T. trifolii has been found in Australia colonizing Trifolium subterraneum (subclover). We have compared samples of T. trifolii in Australia collected on lucerne and subclover using several techniques: survival and reproduction on different hosts, morphology, cuticular hydrocarbon profile, karyology, and a combination of RAPD-PCR and mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome oxidase) genetic markers. Whereas there were no distinct differences in cuticular hydrocarbons and karyology, we found significant correlated differences between the host on which aphids were collected, some morphological characters, and the genotypes of the aphids. Aphids collected from lucerne were always of one genetic type, and nearly all those from subclover were of another. Both groups of aphids are morphologically distinguishable from the yellow clover aphid (YCA), the other form of the species recognized so far. We conclude that the clover-colonizers (spotted clover aphid, SCA) and the lucerne-colonizers (SAA) are each host-restricted forms (biotypes) of T. trifolii. Estimates of mtDNA divergence are in the range of conspecific to closely congeneric, as compared with other insects including aphids. We developed simple diagnostic DNA tests to distinguish the two pest aphids.

Characterization of two non-native invasive bark beetles, Scolytus schevyrewi and Scolytus multistriatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Johnson ◽  
Jane L. Hayes ◽  
John Rinehart ◽  
Walter S. Sheppard ◽  
Steven E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle

AbstractScolytus schevyrewi Semenov, the banded elm bark beetle, and S. multistriatus Marsham, the smaller European elm bark beetle, are morphologically similar. Reliance on adult external morphological characters for identification can be problematic because of wide within-species variability and the need for good-quality specimens. The inability to identify developmental stages can also hamper early-detection programs. Using two character identification systems, genitalic (aedeagus) morphology, and DNA markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR)) to distinguish S. schevyrewi from S. multistriatus, we examined specimens from geographically distinct populations of both species collected from infested host trees or semiochemical-baited funnel traps. We found that aedeagus morphology can be used to identify the two species. The use of two oligonucleotide primers in the RAPD-PCR analysis yielded distinct DNA banding patterns for the two species. Species identification using RAPD-PCR analysis was validated by a blind test and used to make species identifications of larval specimens. These tools improve the ability to differentiate between S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus at immature and adult stages, and could be developed and used for other scolytines as well.

Characterization of a unique population of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense causing Fusarium wilt in Cavendish bananas at Carnarvon, Western Australia

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
KG Pegg ◽  
RG Shivas ◽  
NY Moore ◽  
S Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Volatile Production

A unique population of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense affecting Cavendish cv. Williams banana plants was characterized using vegetative compatibility, volatile production, RAPD-PCR analysis, pectic enzyme production and pathogenicity. The isolates were more like race 1 isolates than race 4 isolates, although they were capable of attacking Cavendish clones. The Carnarvon isolates did not belong to any of the vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) known to occur in Australia or overseas; they belonged in the 'inodoraturn' volatile group; they had 29% genetic similarity to race 4 isolates and 76% similarity to race 1 isolates based on RAPD-PCR banding patterns; they belonged in the same pectic zymogram group as race 1 isolates and were virulent on 3-month-old Cavendish cv. Williams, Gros Michel and Pisang Gajih Merah plants in glasshouse tests.

Genotypic and technological characterization of enterococci isolated from artisanal Fiore Sardo cheese

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Cosentino ◽  
M Barbara Pisano ◽  
Arianna Corda ◽  
M Elisabetta Fadda ◽  
Carla Piras
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Gelatinase Activity ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hydrolyse Casein

A total of 118 enterococcal strains isolated from artisanal Fiore Sardo cheese were characterized technologically and genetically. The presence of potential virulence factors was also investigated. Strains were classified as Ec. faecium (84 strains), Ec. durans (24 strains) and Ec. faecalis (10 strains). RAPD-PCR analysis with two different primers (M13 and XD9) confirmed species identification and proved useful for the detection of interstrain variations, especially among Ec. faecium isolates. Most strains could hydrolyse casein and had weak acidifying activity in milk. None of the isolates produced lipolytic reactions. Gelatinase activity was observed in two strains of Ec. faecalis and one strain of Ec. durans. β-Haemolysis on horses' blood was never detected in any of the strains, independently of species. Most strains produced tyramine from tyrosine but none decarboxylated lysine, histidine or ornithine. Overall, a wide spectrum of resistance was observed. Almost all strains were resistant to the aminoglycosides, gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, neomycin, and to the semisynthetic penicillin, oxacillin, but resistance to vancomycin was not widespread among our strains: only one Ec. faecium and one Ec. durans strain were found to be vancomycin resistant. Our results show a certain diversity in technological traits of the enterococcal strains isolated from artisanal Fiore Sardo, together with a low incidence of some potentially pathogenic traits of health concern.

Characterization of Partial Gene Deletions in Type III von Willebrand Disease with Alloantibody Inhibitors

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (02) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Mancuso ◽  
Elodee A Tuley ◽  
Ricardo Castillo ◽  
Norma de Bosch ◽  
Pler M Mannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Large Deletions ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Summaryvon Willebrand factor gene deletions were characterized in four patients with severe type III von Willebrand disease and alloantibodies to von Willebrand factor. A PCR-based strategy was used to characterize the boundaries of the deletions. Identical 30 kb von Willebrand factor gene deletions which include exons 33 through 38 were identified in two siblings of one family by this method. A small 5 base pair insertion (CCTGG) was sequenced at the deletion breakpoint. PCR analysis was used to detect the deletion in three generations of the family, including two family members who are heterozygous for the deletion. In a second family, two type III vWD patients, who are distant cousins, share an -56 kb deletion of exons 22 through 43. The identification and characterization of large vWF gene deletions in these type III vWD patients provides further support for the association between large deletions in both von Willebrand factor alleles and the development of inhibitory alloantibodies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document