scholarly journals Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer onto Starch and Natural Rubber Latex Initiated by Gamma Irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Methacrylate Monomer ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate Monomer

Kinetics and modeling of methyl methacrylate graft copolymerization in the presence of natural rubber latex

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanita Sirirat ◽  
Terdthai Vatanatham ◽  
Nanthiya Hansupalak ◽  
Garry Llewellyn Rempel ◽  
Wanvimon Arayapranee
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex

Surface modification of natural rubber latex films by graft copolymerization

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1323-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
K.L Tan ◽  
C.C Ho ◽  
M.C Khew ◽  
E.T Kang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Latex Films ◽  
Rubber Latex

scholarly journals Roles of Chitosan as Bio-Fillers in Radiation-Vulcanized Natural Rubber Latex and Hybrid Radiation and Peroxide-Vulcanized Natural Rubber Latex: Physical/Mechanical Properties under Thermal Aging and Biodegradability

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3940
Author(s):  
Arkarapol Thumwong ◽  
Worawat Poltabtim ◽  
Patcharaporn Kerdsang ◽  
Kiadtisak Saenboonruang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Environmental Friendliness

Although natural rubber was regarded as biodegradable, the degradation is a time-consuming process that could take weeks or months for any degradation or substantial weight loss to be observable, resulting in the need for novel processes/methods to accelerate the rubber degradation. As a result, this work investigated the potential utilization of chitosan (CS) as a biodegradation enhancer for radiation-vulcanized natural rubber latex (R-VNRL) and hybrid radiation and peroxide-vulcanized natural rubber latex (RP-VNRL) composites, with varying CS contents (0, 2, 4, or 6 phr). The R-VNRL samples were prepared using 15 kGy gamma irradiation, while the RP-VNRL samples were prepared using a combination of 0.1 phr tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHPO) and 10 kGy gamma irradiation. The properties investigated were biodegradability in the soil and the morphological, chemical, mechanical, and physical properties, both before and after undergoing thermal aging. The results indicated that the biodegradability of both the R-VNRL and RP-VNRL composites was enhanced with the addition of CS, as evidenced by increases in the percentage weight loss (% weight loss) after being buried in soil for 8 weeks from 6.5 ± 0.1% and 6.4 ± 0.1% in a pristine R-VNRL and RP-VNRL samples, respectively, to 10.5 ± 0.1% and 10.2 ± 0.1% in 6-pph CS/R-VNRL and 6-pph CS/RP-VNRL composites, respectively, indicating the biodegradation enhancement of approximately 60%. In addition, the results revealed that the addition of CS could increase the value of tensile modulus by 119%, while decrease the values of tensile strength and elongation at break by 50% and 43%, respectively, in the specimens containing 6-phr CS. In terms of the color appearances, the samples were lighter and yellower after the addition of CS, as evidenced by the noticeably increased L* and b* values, based on the CIE L*a*b* color space system. Furthermore, the investigation into the effects of thermal aging showed that the overall tensile properties for both curing systems were reduced, while varying degrees of color change were observed, with the pristine R-VNRL and RP-VNRL samples having more pronounced degradation/changes for both properties. In conclusion, the overall results suggested that CS had great potential to be applied as a bio-filler in R-VNRL and RP-VNRL composites to effectively promote the biodegradability, environmental friendliness, and resistance to thermal degradation of the composites.

scholarly journals Properties of Emulsion Paint with Modified Natural Rubber Latex/Polyvinyl Acetate Blend Binder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Bahruddin Ibrahim ◽  
Zuchra Helwani ◽  
Ivan Fadhillah ◽  
Arya Wiranata ◽  
Joni Miharyono
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Emulsion Paint ◽  
Grafting Copolymerization ◽  
Direct Use

The direct use of natural rubber latex (NRL) as a binder for emulsion paints did not produce emulsion paints with good opacity, washability resistance, and regulated touch drying time, even when mixed with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). This study aimed to study the properties of opacity (hiding power), washability resistance, and set drying touch time of emulsion paint with a binder added from a mixture of modified natural rubber latex (NRL) and PVAc. NRL modifications included UV photodepolymerization with TiO2 catalyst and grafting copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and styrene (NRL-g-(MMA-co-St)). NRL was mixed with PVAC at ratios of 0/100; 15/85; 25/75; 35/65; 50/50; 100/0% w/w before being used as a binder for emulsion paint. Emulsion paint samples had different binder contents, namely 2, 4, 6, and 8% w/w. Tests on paint samples included opacity using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (EASYSPEC safas Monaco), washability using the Digital BGD 526 Wet Abrasion Scrub Tester, and drying time set using the ASTM STP500 procedure. The results showed that the opacity (hiding power), washability resistance, and set drying touch time met the emulsion paint standards for all binder levels, except the 100% w/w modified NRL composition. The higher level of NRL in the binder causes these properties to decrease and become unstable. The best opacity (hidden power), washing resistance, and drying touch time were obtained on modified NRL with a concentration of 15% w/w. The binder content in the paint was around 4% w/w, with an opacity of about 1.78% abs, washing resistance of 12 times, and the set drying touch time to 80 min.

Preparation, Adhesive Performance and Stability of Natural Rubber Latex Grafted with N-Butyl Acrylate (BA) and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA)

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranee Chumsamrong ◽  
Jakkarin Mondobyai
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Monomer Ratio ◽  
Lap Shear

In order to study the potential of increasing the weather stability of natural rubber latex for use as a water-based contact adhesive, the natural rubber latex was modified by graft copolymerization with n-butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The grafting reaction was carried out using emulsion polymerization at 60°C. Potassium persulfate was used to initiate polymerization. Four different weight percentage ratios of BA to MMA used in this work were 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Percentage conversion of the monomer of all latexes prepared was ≥ 79.8 %. The grafting efficiency of grafted natural rubber latexes with a different monomer ratio tended to decrease with an increase of MMA. The adhesion property was characterized by 90° peel strength and 180° lap shear tests. The shear strength value of grafted natural rubber latexes increased with an increase of MMA content. The grafted latex with the monomer ratio of 50:50 possessed higher shear strength than natural rubber latex. The peel strength value of grafted natural rubber latexes seemed to lower than that of natural rubber latex. The weather stability of the modified latex was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and also the peel samples were left in the open air for 45 days before testing. The results showed that grafted natural rubber latex had a higher weather stability than natural rubber latex.

Aeration of Natural Rubber Latex. II. Graft Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers with Aerated Latex Rubber

1958 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Polymer Content ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Vinyl Polymer

Abstract The peroxidic groups produced on the rubber hydrocarbon when oxygen is absorbed by ammonia-preserved latex are capable of initiating the graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate and other vinyl monomers, in the presence of suitable reducing agents. The products so formed contain only small proportions of unbound homopolymer. In the latex state, the products have a much higher wet gel strength and better film forming properties than materials of the same total vinyl polymer content prepared by other methods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document