scholarly journals Origen, mantenimiento y evolución del ginodioicismo

2017 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cuevas-García ◽  
César A. Abarca-García
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Present State ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Male Function ◽  
Main Path ◽  
Evolution Of Dioecy

One of the main characteristics of Angiosperms is the great diversity of reproductive systems they present. Gynodioecy, namely the coexistence of hermaphrodite and female plants in the same population, is an example of such diversity. In this study we present the main characteristics of gynodioecious species, such as the large variation in female frequency among populations. We examine the three forms by which male sterility can be originated and transmitted, and their consequences for the evolutionary dynamics. We present and discuss the hypothesis that would explain the maintenance of females in populations, since due to the lack of male function, they need to produce more or better seeds than hermaphrodites to avoid a disadvantage. We analyze the main evolutionary routes beginning from a hermaphroditic condition, and the existing evidences that suggest gynodioecy as the main path in the evolution of dioecy. Finally, we analyze the present state of the investigation of reproductive systems in Mexico, using as an example the study of the gynodioecy.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the autosomal part of the genome on the presence of dioecy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Zluvova ◽  
Roman Hobza ◽  
Bohuslav Janousek
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Pseudoautosomal Region ◽  
Dioecious Plants ◽  
Sex Allocation Theory ◽  
Genus Silene ◽  
Evolution Of Dioecy

We have attempted to answer the question of whether the presence of sex chromosomes in the genome can affect the evolution of the autosomal part of the genome. As a model, we used dioecious plants from the section Otites of the genus Silene. We have observed a rise in adaptive evolution in the autosomal and pseudoautosomal parts of the genome, which are associated with the evolution of dioecy. This rise is caused neither by the accumulation of sexually antagonistic genes in the pseudoautosomal region nor by the co-evolution of genes acting in mitochondria (in spite of the fact that the dioecy evolved in this case most likely from cytoplasmic male sterility). Thus, this rise in the amount of positively selected codons is most likely caused by the adaptive evolution of genes involved in the specialization of the autosomal part of the genome on the dioecy as described in sex-allocation theory.

The Present State of the Art

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-346
Author(s):  
Peter A. Magaro
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
State Of The Art

Present state and innovative issues for ironmaking

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. Steiler ◽  
F. Hanrot
Keyword(s):  
Present State

Competitive Capacity and Modernization of the Russian Economy

2004 ◽  
pp. 4-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yasin ◽  
A. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Adaptive Model ◽  
Russian Economy

Having analyzed the present state of the Russian economy the authors come to the conclusion that the only reasonable goal of its modernization is achieving high competitive capacity of production. External and internal competitive capacity is analysed in detail basing on broad statistics as well as competitive capacity of institutions and their changes, the adaptive model of transition economy. According to the authors implementation of competitive capacity policy as a national idea should take into account long-term perspective.

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