scholarly journals Distribution and diversity of Fagaceae in Hidalgo, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Susana Valencia-A. ◽  
Gabriel Flores-Franco ◽  
Jaime Jiménez-Ramírez ◽  
Mauricio Mora-Jarvio
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Red Oaks ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
The Family ◽  
Herbarium Data ◽  
High Diversity

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The family Fagaceae is one of the most important in temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere. <em>Fagus</em> and <em>Quercus</em> are distributed in Mexico, the former in Northeastern Mexico, while the latter reaches a high diversity in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico. In Hidalgo state, located mainly in the Sierra Madre Oriental, knowledge of the Fagaceae diversity is still uncertain.<em></em></p><p><strong>Questions and/or hypothesis:</strong> We carried out a taxonomic revision of the genus and species of Fagaceae in Hidalgo state. We determined how many and which species are distributed in Hidalgo. We also present a morphological description and ecological characters of each one.</p><p><strong>Studied species:</strong> The species of the family Fagaceae</p><p><strong>Study site:</strong> Hidalgo state, Mexico.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> We collected herbarium specimens, made field observations and reviewed herbarium data of Fagaceae specimens at FCME, INEGI, MEXU, ENCB, SLPM, HUMO, XAL and partly BH herbaria. In addition, we checked taxonomic literature and protologues of each species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found one species of <em>Fagus</em> and 43 of <em>Quercus</em>, 22 of which belong to the section <em>Quercus</em> (white oaks) and 21 to section <em>Lobatae</em> (red oaks). Morphological descriptions, altitudinal and geographical distribution, vegetation types of each species and a dichotomous key for species identification are presented. Illustrations and photographs of the species are also included.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A high diversity of Fagaceae species is present in Hidalgo state. In Mexico, Hidalgo ranks in fifth place for oak species diversity, just behind Oaxaca (50 species), Puebla (50), San Luis Potosí (45), and Jalisco (45).<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals A taxonomic revision of the family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of seven species from the Eastern Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2408 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. DELAND ◽  
C. B. CAMERON ◽  
K. P. RAO ◽  
W. E. RITTER ◽  
T. H. BULLOCK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status

The family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) is revised on the basis of morphological characters. The number of harrimaniid genera is increased to nine by the addition of Horstia n. gen., Mesoglossus n. gen., Ritteria n. gen. and Saxipendium, a genus previously assigned to the monospecific family Saxipendiidae. The number of species is increased to 34, resulting from the description of five new species from the eastern Pacific — Horstia kincaidi, Mesoglossus intermedius, M. macginitiei, Protoglossus mackiei and Ritteria ambigua. A description is supplied for a sixth harrimaniid species, Stereobalanus willeyi Ritter & Davis, 1904, which previously had the status of a nomen nudum. Four harrimaniids previously assigned to the genus Saccoglossus are transfered to the genus Mesoglossus — M. bournei, M. caraibicus, M. gurneyi and M. pygmaeus, while Saccoglossus borealis is reassigned to the genus Harrimania. Notes on habitat and zoogeography are included for the seven foregoing species and a table of diagnostic characters for existing and new species and a dichotomous key to the enteropneust families and harrimaniid genera are provided. Finally, a phylogenetic hypothesis concerning the Harrimaniidae is postulated, with discussion on the evolution of the group.

scholarly journals A taxonomic evaluation of the Thesium confine species complex (Santalaceae)

Bothalia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kagiso S. Mashego ◽  
M. Marianne Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
African Species ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
The Family

Background: Thesium L. is the largest genus in the family Santalaceae (sandalwood family). The last taxonomic revision of the southern African species dates back to 1925. An urgent revision of the genus is required as indicated in a recent national biosystematics research strategy for South Africa.Objectives: To revise the Thesium confine species complex (Thesium durum, T. confine and Thesium spartioides) and to update the typification, nomenclature, descriptions and distribution ranges.Method: Morphological characters were studied using own field collections as well as herbarium specimens from K, NU, PRE and PRU and images on Global Plants (JSTOR). Distribution ranges of the studied species were updated.Results: An examination of morphological characters revealed great similarity between T. spartioides and T. confine. Both species have an herbaceous habit, decumbent growth form, terminal (or less frequently axillary) inflorescences and a sympatric northern distribution in South Africa. Thesium durum differs from T. spartioides and T. confine in having a shrubby habit, erect growth form and axillary inflorescences and occurs in the southern part of South Africa.Conclusion: Thesium spartioides is synonymised under T. confine, and T. durum is retained as a separate species.

A taxonomic revision of the Pyracantha crenulata complex (Rosaceae, Maleae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 478 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-252
Author(s):  
HUI-ZHE FENG ◽  
SU-JUAN WEI ◽  
LONG-YUAN WANG ◽  
SU-FANG CHEN ◽  
QIANG FAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Distinct Features

Pyracantha is naturally distributed from East Asia to the southeastern Europe regions, and seven species, including five endemic species, were recorded in China. Taxonomic problems within the genus persist, in which the identity of Pyracantha crenulata complex is not clear when referring to the existing species dichotomous key. P. crenulata complex contains three species: P. loureiroi, P. crenulata and P. fortuneana. Such incident might be due to the lack of proper analysis and evaluation of the characters at the population level when first described. To solve this problem, we sampled 48 populations of P. crenulata, examined 278 sheets of herbarium specimens, and conducted principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) on the morphological variations across different populations. Our findings indicated that P. crenulata complex does not display distinct, separated groups based on the morphological characteristics described in the existing species description, the shape of leaf, leaf margin, leaf apices and widest position of leaf are not distinct features for species delimitation in P. crenulata complex. As a result, we proposed that the P. crenulata complex should be recognized as a single species named P. crenulata.

A taxonomic revision of the genus Habrobathynella Schminke, 1973, with the description of four new species from southeastern India (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Bathynellacea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2532 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
YENUMULA RANGA REDDY ◽  
VENKATESWARA RAO TOTAKURA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

The genus Habrobathynella Schminke, 1973, presently contains six species. Four new species of the genus Habrobathynella, viz. H. krishna n. sp., H. vaitarini n. sp., H. savitri n. sp. and H. vidua n. sp. are described and illustrated herein and their taxonomic position in the genus Habrobathynella discussed. Inhabiting certain rivers and borewells in the State of Andhra Pradesh, southeastern India, these new species introduce several morphologic features that are unique to either the genus or the family Parabathynellidae. The spine row on the uropodal sympod now displays five character states, and high diversity is also seen in the male thoracopod VIII. The salient morphologic characters and their various states in all the habrobathynellid species are reviewed and the original generic diagnosis revised. The palpless mandible with somewhat pyriform pars molaris, bearing 5–6 teeth, is recognised as a signal synapomorphy of Habrobathynella. Two more synapomorphies based on the male thoracopod VIII and caudal furca are added. Considering its special importance in taxonomy, the male thoracopod VIII of the four already known Indian species, viz. H. nagarjunai Ranga Reddy, 2002; H. schminkei Ranga Reddy, 2004; H. indicaRanga Reddy & Schminke, 2005 and H. plenituda Ranga Reddy & Schminke, 2009, has been reexamined based on topotypes and freshly illustrated with line drawings and digital images, and errors in the original accounts are corrected. Also, the ecology, biogeography and conservation of Habrobathynella species are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Taxonomic review of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico

PhytoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 91-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilí Martínez-Domínguez ◽  
Fernando Nicolalde-Morejón ◽  
Francisco Vergara-Silva ◽  
Dennis Wm. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Biogeographic Province ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Taxonomic Review ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Taxonomic Changes

The genus Ceratozamia is revised for the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico. This region is one of the biogeographic areas with the greatest diversity of species in this genus. These species are highly variable morphologically and this variability has led to a complex taxonomic history with many synonyms, particularly with reference to C.mexicana. We present a comprehensive taxonomic revision with history of nomenclature and the morphology, relationships, distribution and use of these species. We also introduce a key for their identification, descriptions, full synonymy, nomenclatural notes, etymologies and neotypes as well as taxonomic comments describing relevant taxonomic changes. We recognise fourteen species in this biogeographic province: C.brevifrons, C.chamberlainii, C.decumbens, C.delucana, C.fuscoviridis, C.hildae, C.kuesteriana, C.latifolia, C.mexicana, C.morettii, C.sabatoi, C.tenuis, C.totonacorum and C.zaragozae. This study provides a foundation for future taxonomic work in Neotropical species of Ceratozamia.

scholarly journals Merging the cryptic genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta): molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision

ALGAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Marion A. Wolf ◽  
Katia Sciuto ◽  
Christine A. Maggs ◽  
Antonella Petrocelli ◽  
Ester Cecere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A New Species

Radicilingua Papenfuss and Calonitophyllum Aregood are two small genera of the family Delesseriaceae that consist of only three and one taxonomically accepted species, respectively. The type species of these genera, Radicilingua thysanorhizans from England and Calonitophyllum medium from the Americas, are morphologically very similar, with the only recognized differences being vein size and procarp development. To date, only other two species were recognized inside the genus Radicilingua: R. adriatica and R. reptans. In this study, we analysed specimens of Radicilingua collected in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (Mediterranean), including a syntype locality of R. adriatica (Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea), alongside material from near the type locality of R. thysanorhizans (Torpoint, Cornwall, UK). The sequences of the rbcL-5P gene fragment here produced represent the first molecular data available for the genus Radicilingua. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the specimens from the Adriatic and Ionian Seas were genetically distinct from the Atlantic R. thysanorhizans, even if morphologically overlapping with this species. A detailed morphological description of the Mediterranean specimens, together with an accurate literature search, suggested that they were distinct also from R. adriatica and R. reptans. For these reasons, a new species was here described to encompass the Mediterranean specimens investigated in this study: R. mediterranea Wolf, Sciuto & Sfriso. Moreover, in the rbcL-5P tree, sequences of the genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum grouped in a well-supported clade, distinct from the other genera of the subfamily Nitophylloideae, leading us to propose that Calonitophyllum medium should be transferred to Radicilingua.

scholarly journals Cyperaceae in Mexico: Diversity and distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Socorro González-Elizondo ◽  
Anton A. Reznicek ◽  
Jorge A. Tena-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Holokinetic Chromosomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
High Level

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Cyperaceae, with about 5,500 species and 90 genera worldwide, are the third largest family among Monocots. A unique combination of morphological and karyotypical features, among which stand holokinetic chromosomes, favors a rapid evolution and diversification and a high level of endemism in some groups. Preliminary checklists of Mexican sedges have been published but an updating of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the group for the country is required.</p><p><strong>Questions</strong>: How many and which species and genera of Cyperaceae are in Mexico?, what patterns of geographic distribution display those species?, which are the main gaps in the systematic knowledge in the family?</p><p><strong>Study site and years of study</strong>: Mexico, 1990 to 2016.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: A database of Mexican Cyperaceae was generated with basis in literature review, study of herbarium specimens (11 herbaria in Mexico and the United States) and field work, the last mainly focused on <em>Carex</em>. Diversity and endemism level were calculated. Besides, we analyzed in different space scales their distributional range.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Our dataset includes 460 species and 20 infraspecific taxa in 21 genera that belong to 10 of the 17 tribes of the family. Subfamily Cyperoideae includes almost 100 % of the Mexican sedges, as only one representative of subfamily Mapanioideae is known for the country. At the generic level, a drastic reduction in number (21) in comparison to previous inventories (27) results of recent phylogenetic and taxonomic rearrangements. The most diverse genera are <em>Carex</em> (138 taxa) and <em>Cyperus</em> (125), followed by <em>Rhynchospora</em> (65) and <em>Eleocharis</em> (57). Sedges in Mexico are found from sea level to above 4,300 m, in all types of vegetation. The highest diversity was found for Chiapas (237 taxa, 52 % of the total) and Veracruz (206 taxa, 45 %), followed by Oaxaca and Jalisco. Two genera (<em>Cypringlea</em> and <em>Karinia</em>) and 111 species or infraspecific taxa are endemic to Mexico (24 %), 43 of them micro-endemic (only known from one state in the country). Endemism increases to 57 % when the biogeographic extension known as Megamexico is included. Forty six names are excluded from the Mexican flora.</p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Regardless of the addition of taxa and refining of the databases, the checklist presented here is still preliminary. Collection deficiencies and insufficient taxonomic revision for Mexican sedges are reflected in gaps in their knowledge. There are at least 45 undescribed species; including them the richness of Mexican sedges would exceed 500 species. Many complexes of species are in need of taxonomic revision, mainly in <em>Carex</em> but also in<em> Bulbostylis</em>, <em>Cyperus</em>, <em>Eleocharis</em>, <em>Rhynchospora</em> and <em>Scleria</em>. To advance in the inventory and better understanding of the diversity of Mexican Cyperaceae, we propose some research topics to be addressed in the short term.<p> </p>

Reorganizing parasitic Delesseriaceae: taxonomic revision of Asterocolax

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 525 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
JILLIAN M. FREESE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER E. LANE
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
A New Species

Red algal parasites are highly host specific organisms that are morphologically reduced with decreased pigmentation. Only found within the Florideophyceae, red algal parasites have evolved within eight orders, with the greatest parasite diversity found in the Ceramiales. A quarter of the ceramialian parasites in the family Delesseriaceae are described in the genus Asterocolax. The initial morphological description of Asterocolax led to the creation of an independent genus devoted to these parasitic species, but molecular data have repeatedly demonstrated that Asterocolax species, and likely many other red algal parasites, resolve within the genera of free-living red algae, often within the same genus as their hosts. Here and in previous studies, phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA has shown at least six instances of independent evolution of Asterocolax species, mainly interspersed among the free-living macroalgal genera of Phycodrys and Polyneura. As most Asterocolax are sister species to their hosts, they are independently derived from a photosynthetic ancestor, and together, do not form a monophyletic parasitic genus. Here we conduct a long overdue taxonomic revision of the red algal parasitic genus Asterocolax, describe a new species within the genus, and propose nomenclatural changes for four other species to reduce the polyphyletic clades encompassing Asterocolax.

Spengelidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) from the Eastern Pacific including a new species, Schizocardium californicum, from California

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3569 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. CAMERON ◽  
M. PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
South American ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The West ◽  
Relict Populations ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

Twenty one enteropneusts have been described from the west coast of North America, but those reports include no Spengelidae. Here we describe two species of acorn worms in the genus Schizocardium (S. californicum and S. peruvianum) on the basis of morphology. The former represent the first spengelid worm described from North American waters.  The latter is a previously described species, and here we expand on its morphological description and extend its geographic range north from Peru to California. Notes on the habit and localization of each species, as well as a dichotomous key to the genera of the family Spengelidae are provided.  Based on morphology, spengelids appears to represent an intermediate between the enteropneust families Harrimaniidae and Ptychoderidae, and Schizocardium is sister taxon to the ptychoderids. The disjunct and widely distributed populations of S. peruvianum and S. brasiliense, with populations in South American and North America, but none between, could represent the relict populations of formerly wide spread species, or the two extremes of ranges.

La Sierra Madre Oriental como reservorio de diversidad vegetal

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (88) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Magdalena Salinas Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Sierra Madre
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document