Characterization of wastes pertaining to naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and the nuclear fuel cycle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Steven Eitrheim
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Suykens

AbstractThe international community and important nuclear stakeholders are making efforts to promote the further globalisation of the nuclear fuel cycle. Consequently, marine shipments of radioactive materials are ever increasing. The history of maritime carriage of these substances has been characterised by disagreements between the various stakeholders with regard to, i.e., concepts such as innocent passage as included in the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and implementation and interpretation of the precautionary principle. The international framework governing these shipments is flawed due to its inconsistency and fragmentation, thereby passively allowing coastal nations to take unilateral action, such as blocking the shipments from their Exclusive Economic Zones and territorial waters. On the European level, modern environmental law principles are being put forward more progressively, but are not incorporated into a consistent and clear legal regime in this particular context. Overall, there are many feasible improvements, both in the short- and the long term.


1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Richter ◽  
Peter Offermann

Part of nuclear fuel cycle waste is highly dangerous, and must be safely isolated from people. Although the site of the final waste disposal must be the main safety barrier, the form of the waste and its properties are also important considerations.


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