The role of brain macrophages in hypertension response sensitization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Lee
Keyword(s):  
Brain Macrophages

Role of brain macrophages on IL-1β and fatigue following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin D. Carmichael ◽  
J. Mark Davis ◽  
E. Angela Murphy ◽  
James A. Carson ◽  
N. Van Rooijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Brain Macrophages ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Ischemia Induces the Expression of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-B Chain in Neurons and Brain Macrophages in vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Iihara ◽  
Masakiyo Sasahara ◽  
Nobuo Hashimoto ◽  
Yoshihiko Uemura ◽  
Haruhiko Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Focal Ischemia ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Brain Macrophages ◽  
Tandem Occlusion ◽  
The Brain

To elucidate the role of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)–B chain in the brain, we examined its expression in rat brains with focal ischemia. Focal ischemia was induced by permanent tandem occlusion of the middle cerebral and common carotid arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Northern analysis demonstrated that ischemia transiently increased mRNA expression of the PDGF–B chain, but not the PDGF–A chain, in the injured neocortex. The larger transcript (3.5 kb) of the B chain gradually increased to threefold by 16 h, whereas the smaller transcript (2.6 kb) of the B chain markedly increased sixfold by 4 h. Immunohistochemistry revealed enhanced immunoreactivity in the neurons in the infarct and in the periinfarct area from 16 h to days 4–7, with a peak at 24 h. Furthermore, the brain macrophages that accumulated in the infarct showed intense immunostaining in their perinuclear region from days 2 to 14, with a peak at days 5–6. The present study demonstrates that ischemia induces the expression of the PDGF–B chain, first in neurons and later in brain macrophages, and suggests an important role of the PDGF–B chain in the healing process of the injured brain.

scholarly journals Immunophilin Ligands Modulate Phagocytosis and Viral 2 Replication in HIV-Infected Macrophages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Sathe ◽  
Ana Sanchez ◽  
Benchawanna Soontornniyomkij ◽  
Mary Swinton ◽  
Shibangi Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
Brain Macrophages ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract (1) Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) can occur as a result of HIV-mediated neuroinflammation and affect people living with HIV (PWH) despite advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Brain macrophages have been implicated as a source of virus and neurotoxic factors. In this study, we examined the potential role of the immunophilin ligands rapamycin and FK506 in modulating neuroinflammation caused by infected macrophages. (2) Methods: Monocytes were isolated from blood samples from three different blood donors and were differentiated into macrophages (MDMs). These cells were subsequently infected with HIV and treated with combinations of an antiretroviral (ARV) cocktail (raltegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir), FK506, and rapamycin. Immunocytochemistry and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the phagocytosis of amyloid beta and the expression of macrophage phenotype-associated markers such as Iba1, TREM2, and IL-6. Viral replication was measured using p24 ELISA. (3) Results: Viral replication among infected MDMs as indicated by p24 levels was positively correlated with Iba1 levels and negatively correlated with IL-6 expression. However, infected MDMs showed lower Iba1 levels than non-infected cells. Rapamycin treatment appeared to lower p24 levels across all donors. Phagocytosis was associated with higher Iba1 levels and was impaired in rapamycin-treated MDMs. (4) Conclusions: Rapamycin seemed to protect against viral replication. However, decreased replication was correlated with a decrease in phagocytic activity. Iba1 may be involved in phagocytosis and HIV infection while IL-6 appeared to indicate protective effects against replication.

P4-006: The role of brain macrophages on the clearance of amyloid plaques following the treatment of Tc2576 with BIIB037

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S700-S700
Author(s):  
Robert Dunstan ◽  
Thierry Bussiere ◽  
Tom Engber ◽  
Paul Weinreb ◽  
Marcel Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Plaques ◽  
Brain Macrophages

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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