Quantifying the effects of radical formation and secondary radical reactions on electron-beam polymerization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Lynn Kloepfer Thiher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Radical Reactions ◽  
Secondary Radical

Radical production during in vivo intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in the cat

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. G409-G414 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. A. Nilsson ◽  
O. Lundgren ◽  
E. Haglind ◽  
A. C. Bylund-Fellenius
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Secondary Radical

Free radical formation was studied with electron spin resonance during 2 h of intestinal ischemia in the cat, at a blood flow less than 5 ml.min-1.100 g-1, followed by 30-min reperfusion. A modification of the spin trapping technique was used to stabilize highly reactive free radicals. The rate of secondary radical formation was 0.32 +/- 0.06 mumol.min-1.100 g intestine-1 before ischemia and increased to a maximum of 0.66 +/- 0.09 mumol.min-1.100 g-1 during the first minutes of reperfusion (mean +/- SE, n = 5). This could be prevented either by maintaining intestinal blood flow at 8-15 ml.min-1.100 g-1, by administering allopurinol before and during ischemia, or by perfusing the intestinal lumen with an O2-saturated buffer solution during ischemia, resulting in maximum rates of radical production during reperfusion of 0.37 +/- 0.04 (n = 6), 0.33 +/- 0.04 (n = 5), and 0.39 +/- 0.13 mumol.min-1.100 g-1 (n = 5), respectively. The results demonstrate that free radicals are produced in the intestine during reperfusion after a period of reduced blood flow below a certain critical level, and that inhibition of xanthine oxidase and prevention of hypoxia will eliminate this radical production.

The influence of monomer chemistry on radical formation and secondary reactions during electron‐beam polymerization

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1011-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. K. Thiher ◽  
Sage M. Schissel ◽  
Julie L. P. Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Secondary Reactions

scholarly journals Stress-induced colouration and crosslinking of polymeric materials by mechanochemical formation of triphenylimidazolyl radicals

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (55) ◽  
pp. 8608-8611 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Verstraeten ◽  
R. Göstl ◽  
R. P. Sijbesma
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Radical Reactions ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Polymer Architectures ◽  
Stress Sensing ◽  
Secondary Radical

Subjecting hexaarylbiimidazole in polymer architectures to stress generates coloured triphenylimidazolyl radicals that initiate secondary radical reactions unifying stress-sensing and damage-repair.

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