scholarly journals The Social Value of the Intellectual Commons: Conclusions on Commons-Based Value

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Antonios Broumas
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Intellectual Commons ◽  
Value Crisis ◽  
First Offers

Elaborating on key findings of previous chapters this chapter proposes more abstract statements on commons-based value, its sources, forms and mode of circulation and, finally, the value crisis challenging the interrelation between intellectual commons and capital. It is structured into the five following sections. The first offers a working definition of commons-based value in accordance with the findings of the research. The second determines productive communal activity as the source of commons-based value. The third analyses the forms of commons-based value. The fourth sketches out the basic characteristics of the mode of commons-based value circulation. The fifth and final substantive section examines the crises of value encountered in the sphere of the intellectual commons. Overall, this chapter offers a social theory of commons-based value circulation with normative dimensions in respect of the morality of the intellectual commons. With empirical data it confirms the presence of an alternative proto-mode of value circulation based on the intellectual commons, which supports the reproduction of the intellectual bases of our societies in dialectical interrelation to the dominant capitalist mode thus thereby rendering commons-based value visible to activists, researchers and policymakers and fuelling practices, policies and laws that might truly unleash their potential.

scholarly journals Researching the Social Value of the Intellectual Commons: Methodology and Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Antonios Broumas
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Intellectual Commons

The purpose of this chapter is to outline the methodology of the author’s research that aims to identify the contemporary manifestations of commonification in the circulation of social value and, thus, grasp the actual formations of the intellectual commons, both offline and online, in the current socio-historical context. This research decrypts the generation, circulation, pooling together and redistribution of social value observed in the intellectual commons communities of the research sample, with the aim of showing the importance of the intellectual commons for social reproduction. This chapter sets out the methodological bases and the design of the research in three sections. The first of these spells out the methodological orientation of the research. The second unveils the design of the research. The third describes the coding process followed in relation to data collected from eight Greek intellectual commons communities, which constitute the sample of the current research. Overall, this chapter lays down the methodological foundations of the research and the framework to used elicit the research findings and conclusions exhibited in the following chapters and thus supports its overall normative argumentation that the intellectual commons have significant moral value, which justifies their independent protection and promotion by the law.

Literacy and civilization

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-90
Author(s):  
Peter Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Book Culture

The article reviews the social theory of Harry Redner with particular reference to his view of the relationship between high literacy (book culture) and civilization. The question is posed whether, alongside book culture, an axial-type metaphysical culture is also key to the definition of civilization.

scholarly journals Contemporary moral philosophy in the context of the social transformation

2002 ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Dobrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Moral Thinking ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Selective Bibliography

The article contains an explanation of the topic to be dealt with by the author within the work on the project 'Applying Modern Philosophical-Political Paradigms on Processes of Social Transformation in Serbia/FRJ'' of the Institute of Philosophy and Social Theory. In the first part of the paper the basic conception of the work as well as theoretical and practical relevance of the proposed topic are presented. In the second part, author emphasis the weight of the 'two-level theory' of moral thinking, which was elaborated by Richard Mervyn Hare, utilitarian philosopher. In the third part, the plan and the content of the forthcoming work are outlined. Basic and selective bibliography which author will be rely on in the elaboration of the proposed topic is given at the end of this article.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE EFFICIENCY OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
A. N. Timokhovich ◽  
O. I. Nikuradze
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Definition Of

The problems of measuring the efficiency of social entrepreneurship have been affected. The aim of the study is to identify the most relevant methods for measuring social value and evaluating the effects that arise as a result of the activities of social organizations. Various interpretations of the definition of the term “social entrepreneurship” have been given in the article. The main elements of the process of social entrepreneurship, features of the goal setting and risks of activities in the study area have been emphasized. The stages of planning activities in the field of social entrepreneurship have been described. The most common problems of measurements and evaluation of social effects that social entrepreneurs have to deal with in the process of carrying out activities related to the implementation of social projects: difficulty in achieving a quantitative evaluation, difficulty in predicting the long-term effect of activities, limitations on costs, time resources, indicators of accuracy and interpretation of results have been revealed. Problems in forecasting the effectiveness of social projects have been identified. The main methods that can be used by social entrepreneurs and organizations for measuring the social value and assessing impact of ongoing activities (method of cost-benefit analysis, method of social accounting, method of social return on investment, method of analysis of the main resources of efficiency) have been analysed. Recommendations for social entrepreneurs have been formulated.

Introduction Holism against Reductionism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Clinical Encounter ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disease Causation ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Definition Of

The Introduction sets out the major themes of the book. These include medicine’s role in the moral and cultural agendas of contemporary society, challenges to the biomedical model represented by new regimes of disease and disorder, and the limitations of principlist bioethics for moving in a more holistic direction. In the working definition of the book, “reductionism” suggests a mechanistic and narrowly somatic understanding of disease, monocausal theories of disease, and an exclusive preoccupation with cure to the neglect of prevention. Meanwhile, “holism” refers to a contextual understanding of disease causation, intervention, or practice. A systemic concern with the whole organism, a focus on the interconnected effects of the larger environment, and ethical concerns with the clinical encounter, can all be characterized as holistic. The Introduction situates the struggle between these perspectives in historical context, and calls for a renewed focus on the social determinants of health and a more holistic ethical perspective.

Vertical Stratification

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Cantwell ◽  
Simon Marginson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Vertical Stratification ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Bifurcation Process ◽  
Positional Value

This chapter considers national system stratification in high participation systems (HPS) of higher education. As demand for higher education increases, the social value of places within a system becomes more differentiated on a binary basis, between places offering exceptionally high positional value and others offering little value. Three prepositions about stratification are advanced. The first expands on the tendency to system bifurcation in HPS, with a small and elite ‘artisanal’ sector, mostly research-intensive universities, opposed to a larger and undistinguished ‘demand-absorbing’ sector. The second proposition identifies a set of drivers that push the bifurcation process. The third proposition recognizes that bifurcation is always incomplete and focuses on the contradictory dynamics of the ‘middle’ layer of higher education institutions in most HPS. Nationally specific factors that accentuate or limit stratification are identified.

scholarly journals SADOMASOCHISTS UNSHACKLED?

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Leader-Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
The South ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social

This article provides a response to the article in this volume entitled ‘Is Society Still Shackled with the Chains of a 1993 England?: Consent, Sado-masochism and R v Brown’ by Jordan Moulds. It takes issue with the primary article’s claims that consensual infliction of pain and physical harm is now acceptable and may even possess some social value as recreation. It offers three reflections on the topic of criminal liability for consensual harms. The first has to do with the absence of principle in the South Australian legislative developments. The second casts doubt on the cogency of the primary article’s enquiries into the social utility or benefit of sadomasochism. The third draws attention to another peculiarity of South Australian criminal law, which arises because of the fact that the CLCA offences against the person do not include an offence of causing harm by negligence.

scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ashley Scott Kelly ◽  
Xiaoxuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Landscape

AbstractThe book’s introduction, Landscape as Development, introduces the distinct positions of critic and planner in development and offers initial justifications for a “critical” practice of ecological planning, as construed by landscape architecture. Landscape architecture has the most substantial ecological mandate among its sister disciplines of architecture and urban planning and has made significant recent historical contributions to development planning, including being the origin of modern landscape ecology and geographic information systems science. In order to become “critical,” landscape architecture, as planning, must recognize the contradictions between urban or economic sustainability and the critical social theory undercurrents in sustainable development. We introduce a working definition of “critical landscape planning” as it is developed throughout the book: A practice of critical landscape planning, routed in landscape architecture, uses multiple forms of sustainability to plan for landscapes engaging in (or encountering) development. The critical landscape planner holds a cultural-technological position and simultaneously applies science to specific site conditions, is critical of that science, and in the process and practice of applying it, refines and deepens the relevant scope of work. This introduction finishes by covering the structure of this book.

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