scholarly journals Active travel’s contribution to climate change mitigation: research summary and outlook

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brand
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Change Mitigation

Active travel (walking, cycling or scooting for transport) is considered a healthy and sustainable form of getting from A to B. The net effects of active travel on mobility-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are complex and remarkably under-researched across a wide range of settings. This paper seeks to provide a summary of research on active travel as a low carbon mobility option in context of the climate emergency. Key gaps are identified and discussed. The paper concludes with a projection of future research.

scholarly journals CO2 mitigation strategies based on soil respiration

La Granja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Leticia Citlaly López-Teloxa ◽  
Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dynamic Chamber ◽  
Change Mitigation

Soil, in addition to storing is a source of CO2 to the atmosphere emitted by soil respiration, mainly due to land use change. The objective of the research was to evaluate soil respiration in different uses and quantify its CO2 emissions at two different times of the year, as well as estimate the storage of this to make a balance to establish strategies that allows with the climate change mitigation. Using a closed dynamic chamber placed on the soil and integrated with an infrared gas analyzer measured the CO2 emission every 30 min, as well as temperature and moisture of the soil with sensors. Three land uses (agroforestry, forestry and agricultural) and two seasons of the year (summer and winter) were analyzed for 24 continuous hours at each site. Positive correlation between ambient temperature and soil respiration was found to exist. The agricultural system stores low carbon content in the soil (50.31 t C ha-1) and emits 9.28 t of C ha-1 in the highest temperature season, in contrast to a natural system that emits 3.98 t of C ha-1 and stores 198.90 t of C ha-1. The balance sheet reflects the need to know CO2 emissions to the atmosphere from soils and not just warehouses. Having scientific support from the ground to the atmosphere is an important step in decision-making that will contribute to climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals The climate change mitigation effects of daily active travel in cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 102764
Author(s):  
Christian Brand ◽  
Evi Dons ◽  
Esther Anaya-Boig ◽  
Ione Avila-Palencia ◽  
Anna Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Change Mitigation

scholarly journals Czech Building Stock: Renovation Wave Scenarios and Potential for CO2 Savings until 2050

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2455
Author(s):  
Antonín Lupíšek ◽  
Tomáš Trubačík ◽  
Petr Holub
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
National Debate ◽  
Energy Consumptions ◽  
Change Mitigation

One of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases is the operation of building stock. Improving its energy efficiency has the potential to significantly contribute to achieving climate change mitigation targets. The purpose of this study was to roughly estimate such potential for the operation of the national building stock of Czechia to steer the national debate on the development of related national plans. The estimation is based on a simplified energy model of the Czech building stock that consists of sub-models of residential and nonresidential building stocks, for which their future energy consumptions, shares of energy carriers and sources, and emission factors were modeled in four scenarios. Uncertainties from the approximation of the emission factors were investigated in a sensitivity analysis. The results showed that the operation of the Czech building stock in 2016 totaled 36.9 Mt CO2, which represented 34.6% of the total national carbon dioxide emissions. The four building stock scenarios could produce reductions in the carbon dioxide emissions of between 28% and 93% by 2050, when also considering on-side production from photovoltaics. The implementation of the most ambitious scenario would represent a drop in national CO2 yearly emissions by 43.2% by 2050 (compared to 2016).

scholarly journals Evaluating process-based integrated assessment models of climate change mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Wilson ◽  
Céline Guivarch ◽  
Elmar Kriegler ◽  
Bas van Ruijven ◽  
Detlef P. van Vuuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Integrated Assessment Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractProcess-based integrated assessment models (IAMs) project long-term transformation pathways in energy and land-use systems under what-if assumptions. IAM evaluation is necessary to improve the models’ usefulness as scientific tools applicable in the complex and contested domain of climate change mitigation. We contribute the first comprehensive synthesis of process-based IAM evaluation research, drawing on a wide range of examples across six different evaluation methods including historical simulations, stylised facts, and model diagnostics. For each evaluation method, we identify progress and milestones to date, and draw out lessons learnt as well as challenges remaining. We find that each evaluation method has distinctive strengths, as well as constraints on its application. We use these insights to propose a systematic evaluation framework combining multiple methods to establish the appropriateness, interpretability, credibility, and relevance of process-based IAMs as useful scientific tools for informing climate policy. We also set out a programme of evaluation research to be mainstreamed both within and outside the IAM community.

scholarly journals Mexico’s low carbon futures: An integrated assessment for energy planning and climate change mitigation by 2050

Futures ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Elizondo ◽  
Vanessa Pérez-Cirera ◽  
Alexandre Strapasson ◽  
José Carlos Fernández ◽  
Diego Cruz-Cano
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Change Mitigation

scholarly journals Historic Context of European Union Leadership in Climate Change Mitigation

2017 ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Shatokha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
European Union ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Policy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation Policy ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
The Eu ◽  
International Climate Change

The role of European Union in defining of the international climate change mitigation policy was studied in the historic context of overcoming the differences in the approaches to reaching the sustainable development targets among the EU, the USA, China and some other influential countries. It has been shown that currently the processes of climate policy definition became more polycentric than in 1992, when the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was signed. The ability to adjust to a new context, to build coalitions and to reach compromise with the wide range of international actors has been crucial for maintaining the EU’s influence on definition of the international climate change mitigation policy. Despite not always supportive internal and external factors, during a quarter of century the EU has managed to maintain its leadership and many times helped to enhance the ambition of global climatic targets by establishing the high level of own commitments and implementing relevant policy instruments. The EU and its members played a decisive role in ensuring of the non-interruptive international climate action during implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and in setting of the Paris Agreement which will define climate regime after 2020. Mitigation of climate change is a complicated task not only in terms of technology and socio-economic aspects but also with respect to policy implementation. Therefore the EU leadership in this sphere remains very important.

scholarly journals Model Cities for Resilience: Climate-led Initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Didem Gunes Yilmaz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Model Cities ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
Change Mitigation

Paris Agreement of December 2015 was the last official initiative led by the United Nations (UN) as the driver of climate change mitigation. Climate change was hence linked with an increase in the occurrence of natural hazards. A variety of initiatives were consequently adopted under different themes such as sustainable cities, climate-friendly development and low-carbon cities. However, most of the initiatives targeted by global cities with urban areas being the focus in terms of taking action against global warming issues. This is due to the structural and environmental features of cities characterized by being populated, as such, they not only generate a large number of carbon emissions but also happens to be the biggest consumer of natural resources. In turn, they create a microclimate, which contributes to climate change. Masdar City, for example, was designed as the first fully sustainable urban area, which replaced fuel-based energy with the electric-based energy. China, as another example, introduced the Sponge Cities action, a method of urban water management to mitigate against flooding. Consequently, architects and urban planners are urged to conform to the proposals that would mitigate global warming. This paper, as a result, examines some of the models that have been internationally adopted and thereafter provide the recommendations that can be implemented in large urban areas in Turkey, primarily in Istanbul.

A CGE Analysis of the Effects of Global Climate Change Mitigation Policies on India

2018 ◽  
pp. 573-590
Author(s):  
Basanta K. Pradhan ◽  
Joydeep Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Mitigation Policy ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Policies

This paper compares the effects of a global carbon tax and a global emissions trading regime on India using a dynamic CGE framework. The sensitivity of the results to the value of a crucial elasticity parameter is also analysed. The results suggest that the choice of the mitigation policy is relatively unimportant from an efficiency perspective. However, the choice of the mitigation policy and the value of the substitution elasticity between value added and energy were found to be important determinants of welfare effects. Global climate change mitigation policies have the potential for promoting low carbon and inclusive growth in India.

scholarly journals From Dichotomy to an Integrated Approach: Cities’ Benefits of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7591
Author(s):  
Jo-Ting Huang-Lachmann ◽  
Edeltraud Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Endogenous Risk ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Change Mitigation

Cities are facing impacts of climate change and encountering risks such as extreme weather events, while cities are also aiming to contribute to their mitigation goals by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the differences in characteristics of climate change mitigation and adaptation have shown the possible reasons for a dichotomy in climate policy. This has motivated us to further look into whether cities could integrate their actions in climate change mitigation and adaptation in their planning and how they achieve benefits to overcome the dichotomy. To answer our research question, we have developed an analysis framework built on the endogenous risk theory to analyse how cities overcome the different characteristics to integrate their climate strategies and obtain benefits. The theory of endogenous risk involves seeing both climate change mitigation and adaptation as risk reduction strategies because both of them aim to reduce climate risks and can be carried out by actors who perceive such risks. Therefore, the actors will be more willing to integrate and implement both mitigation and adaptation policy. Our results show that mitigation and adaptation in cities are interlinked and that benefits of an integrated climate change policy exist. A list of entry points how cities overcome the dichotomy are also identified. Our research outcomes also provide a list of benefits identified by the cities in their integrated climate strategies and we call for more public disclosed data for future research and policy assessments.

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