Initial consonant replacement in Classical Manx

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
George Broderick
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Memorial Lecture

In his Sir John Rhŷs Memorial Lecture of 1969 Robert L. Thomson provided a detailed analysis of initial consonant replacement in the Classical Manx of the eighteenth century, in which he was able to set out the use or non-use of such replacement by various authors of that century. However, Thomson's presentation of the material is not easy to digest today, and in order to facilitate an easier understanding of the importance of these developments, the material has here been repackaged and presented anew.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-147
Author(s):  
Stephen Menn ◽  
Justin E. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Medical Philosophy ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
Academic Dissertations

The life of Anton Wilhelm Amo is summarized, with close attention to the archival documents that establish key moments in his biography. Next the history of Amo’s reception is considered, from the first summaries of his work in German periodicals during his lifetime, through his legacy in African nationalist thought in the twentieth century. Then the political and intellectual context at Halle is addressed, considering the likely influence on Amo’s work of Halle Pietism, of the local currents of medical philosophy as represented by Friedrich Hoffmann, and of legal thought as represented by Christian Thomasius. The legacy of major early modern philosophers, such as René Descartes and G. W. Leibniz, is also considered, in the aim of understanding how Amo himself might have understood them and how they might have shaped his work. Next a detailed analysis of the conventions of academic dissertations and disputations in early eighteenth-century Germany is provided, in order to better understand how these conventions give shape to Amo’s published works. Finally, ancient and modern debates on action and passion and on sensation are investigated, providing key context for the summary of the principal arguments of Amo’s two treatises, which are summarized in the final section of the introduction.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carlton F.W. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
The Law

The Introduction opens with a vignette of James Wilson, prominent attorney and signer of the Declaration of Independence, fighting for his life against members of the Philadelphia militia in the “Fort Wilson” incident of 1779. It then turns to the primary themes of the book: treason and juries. Treason was a central issue of the American Revolution, shaping the early debates over the legality of British actions, the treatment of British adherents, and eventually the suppression of internal rebellions. Juries played a critical role in this process, and this book provides the most detailed analysis of eighteenth-century American jurors yet written. The book focuses on Pennsylvania, as this was the most critical jurisdiction for the law of treason.

Bourbon Intervention in the Peruvian Tobacco Industry, 1752–1813

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATALINA VIZCARRA
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Political Constraints ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Public Opposition

AbstractDuring the second half of the eighteenth century the Spanish Crown monopolised the tobacco industry in its American colonies, creating vertically integrated organisations which included factories for the production of cigars and cigarettes. A detailed analysis of the regulations, organisation and policies applied during the Peruvian viceroyalty suggests that Bourbon officials were effective managers. The monopoly was successful at curbing contraband and extracting rents. The evolution of monopoly policies, however, reflected political constraints on the Crown's efforts to raise revenues. The archival evidence suggests that Bourbon officials closed the tobacco factories in Peru in 1791 as a result of public opposition.

Reasoning from the Uterus: Casanova, Women's Agency, and the Philosophy of Birth

Hypatia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Stella Villarmea
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Women's Agency ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Obstetric Violence ◽  
Women’S Agency

AbstractThe emerging area of philosophy of birth is invaluable, first, to diagnose fallacious assumptions about the relation between the womb and reason, and, ultimately, to challenge potentially damaging narratives with major impact on birth care. With its analysis of eighteenth-century epistemic and medical discussions about the role of the uterus in women's reasoning (or lack of reasoning), this article supports two arguments: first, that women's “flawed thinking” was a premise drawn by many modern intellectual men, one that was presented as based upon empirical evidence; and second, that the pervasive construction of the uterus as an element that renders women wild, uncontrollable, and irrational continues to influence contemporary obstetrics (and maybe even to nurture obstetric violence), even as today's medicine and science consider themselves to be free of any such prejudices.This article shows the role that Giacomo Casanova played in debunking these prejudices and presents his short manuscript on the issue as an important contribution to the literature of the Enlightenment, with its argument against women's supposed “natural” inferiority and for the idea that differences in education (rather than anatomical differences) were to blame for women's subordinate position in society.Detailed analysis of the “thinking uterus” debate illuminates the different ways in which various arguments from/by the “anti-uterine” lobby were used to justify the subordination of women: sometimes emphasizing the connection between the uterus and thought and sometimes negating it, but always concluding that women's inferiority is to be found in some known or yet-to-be-discovered anatomical, and mainly sexual, deficiency or problem.

scholarly journals Palladio i Dioklecijanova palača: renesansni arhitektonski crteži splitskog sklopa

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasenka Gudelj ◽  
Petar Strunje
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Royal Institute ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Andrea Palladio ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Drawing Technique

The article analyses the drawings of Diocletian’s Palace at Split which had belonged to the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio and which represent the only surviving Renaissance drawings of the most important late antique architectural structure on the east Adriatic coast. Today, they are housed at the Royal Institute of British Architects in London and in the Devonshire collection, Chatsworth. A detailed analysis of the drawing technique, the paper, the handwriting and the style of the drawings, have confirmed the opinion of the scholars who argued that the ground-plan of the emperor’s mausoleum was drawn by an unknown artist and that Palladio added his sketches at a later point; the drawing of the mausoleum’s portal was also made by the same artist. Both drawings were most probably produced in Vicenza during the last quarter of the sixteenth century. The ground-plan of the palace itself was drawn by Palladio on the basis of an earlier source. It is likely that a version of the palace ground-plan which had served as a model to Palladio remained at Split and that the drawings published by Daniele Farlati in the eighteenth century relied on it rather than on those produced by Johann Fischer von Erlach, as it was argued until now.

scholarly journals Palladio i Dioklecijanova palača: renesansni arhitektonski crteži splitskog sklopa

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Jasenka Gudelj ◽  
Petar Strunje
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Royal Institute ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Andrea Palladio ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Drawing Technique

The article analyses the drawings of Diocletian’s Palace at Split which had belonged to the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio and which represent the only surviving Renaissance drawings of the most important late antique architectural structure on the east Adriatic coast. Today, they are housed at the Royal Institute of British Architects in London and in the Devonshire collection, Chatsworth. A detailed analysis of the drawing technique, the paper, the handwriting and the style of the drawings, have confirmed the opinion of the scholars who argued that the ground-plan of the emperor’s mausoleum was drawn by an unknown artistand that Palladio added his sketches at a later point; the drawing of the mausoleum’s portal was also made by the same artist. Both drawings were most probably produced in Vicenza during the last quarter of the sixteenthcentury. The ground-plan of the palace itself was drawn by Palladio on the basis of an earlier source. It is likely that a version of the palace ground-plan whichhad served as a model to Palladio remained at Split and that the drawings published by Daniele Farlati in the eighteenth century relied on it rather than on those produced by Johann Fischer von Erlach, as it was argued until now.

Eighteenth-Century Professorial Classification of English Common Law

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Analytical Structure ◽  
History Of University ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Law

This chapter assesses the work of Sir Robert Chambers by comparing it with that of other professors of English law. It focuses on the analytical structure Chambers gave to English law. The first part briefly discusses the early history of university lectures and, in particular, the adoption of the structure of Justinian’s Institutes. This is followed by an account of the problems encountered by professors of English law in setting forth their subject, and of the solutions they adopted. The third section provides a detailed analysis of the structure Chambers used for his lectures in comparison with that used by Blackstone. This is followed by some general conclusions and observations.

Acoustics in the early Royal Society 1660-1680

1982 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Music Theory ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Collective Interest ◽  
The Subject

The early Royal Society has been the focus of much attention by historians of science over many years, (1) but strangely enough there is no really detailed account to be found of the activities and discussions which took place in the weekly meetings, although there is ample information available on the subject. This study of the Royal Society’s collective interest in acoustics aims to provide a detailed analysis of an important subject that has not been dealt with elsewhere, at the same time as providing a case study of the way in which experiments were suggested and sometimes undertaken in meetings during the first twenty years of the Society’s existence. Apart from the article published forty years ago in this journal by Lloyd, in which the author is concerned only with articles in the Philosophical Transactions relating to music theory and acoustics in the years 1677—1698 (2), the contribution of members of the Royal Society to the topic of acoustics has been treated as subsidiary to that of more famous individuals in the seventeenth century; namely Galileo Galilei, Marin Mersenne, Isaac Newton and Joseph Sauveur. The comparative neglect of the activities of the Royal Society has arisen because writers have been concerned with tracing the ‘progress’ of acoustics as a scientific discipline, in which events in the seventeenth century merely set the scene for the triumphs of John and Daniel Bernoulli and Euler in the eighteenth century.

From Negotiation to Coercion: Textile Manufacturing in India in the Eighteenth Century

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM PRAKASH
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Textile Manufacturing ◽  
English East India Company ◽  
Output Dimension ◽  
Broad Overview

The paper first provides a broad overview of the structure of textile manufacturing and procurement in India in the seventeenth and the first half of the eighteenth century. It then takes up for a detailed analysis the changes in this structure in the second half of the eighteenth century as a result of the assumption of political authority by the English East India Company in the subcontinent with special reference to the case of Bengal where such authority was exercised most intensively. A market-based system was replaced by one embedded in coercion of the intermediary merchants and the manufacturing artisans. In the concluding section, the paper makes a plea for a distinction being made between the distributive justice dimension and the implications for output dimension of the changed scenario and argues that the picture of a ruined textile industry in Bengal might be in need of substantive revision.

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