Are the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels important in magnesium homeostasis following traumatic brain injury?

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi L Cook ◽  
Corinna Van Den Heuvel ◽  
Robert Vink
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Magnesium Homeostasis ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Trpm Channels

Transient receptor potential melastatin 6 and 7 channels, magnesium transport, and vascular biology: implications in hypertension

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. H1103-H1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhian M. Touyz
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Magnesium Transport ◽  
Magnesium Homeostasis ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽  
Transient Receptor

Magnesium, an essential intracellular cation, is critically involved in many biochemical reactions involved in the regulation of vascular tone and integrity. Decreased magnesium concentration has been implicated in altered vascular reactivity, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and structural remodeling, processes important in vascular changes and target organ damage associated with hypertension. Until recently, very little was known about mechanisms regulating cellular magnesium homeostasis, and processes controlling transmembrane magnesium transport had been demonstrated only at the functional level. Two cation channels of the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) cation channel family have now been identified as magnesium transporters, TRPM6 and TRPM7. These unique proteins, termed chanzymes because they possess a channel and a kinase domain, are differentially expressed, with TRPM6 being found primarily in epithelial cells and TRPM7 occurring ubiquitously. Vascular TRPM7 is modulated by vasoactive agents, pressure, stretch, and osmotic changes and may be a novel mechanotransducer. In addition to its magnesium transporter function, TRPM7 has been implicated as a signaling kinase involved in vascular smooth muscle cell growth, apoptosis, adhesion, contraction, cytoskeletal organization, and migration, important processes involved in vascular remodeling associated with hypertension and other vascular diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that vascular TRPM7 function may be altered in hypertension. This review discusses the importance of magnesium in vascular biology and implications in hypertension and highlights the transport systems, particularly TRPM6 and TRPM7, which may play a role in the control of vascular magnesium homeostasis. Since the recent identification and characterization of Mg2+-selective transporters, there has been enormous interest in the field. However, there is still a paucity of information, and much research is needed to clarify the exact mechanisms of magnesium regulation in the cardiovascular system and the implications of aberrant transmembrane magnesium transport in the pathogenesis of hypertension and other vascular diseases.

scholarly journals TRPM channels mediate learned pathogen avoidance following intestinal distention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Filipowicz ◽  
Alejandro Aballay
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Aversive Learning ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Pathogen Avoidance ◽  
Dependent Pathway ◽  
Trpm Channels

Upon exposure to harmful microorganisms, hosts engage in protective molecular and behavioral immune responses, both of which are ultimately regulated by the nervous system. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that ingestion of E. faecalis leads to a fast pathogen avoidance behavior that results in aversive learning. We have identified multiple sensory mechanisms involved in the regulation of avoidance of E. faecalis, including the GPCR NPR-1-dependent oxygen-sensing pathway, an ASE neuron-dependent pathway, and an AWB and AWC neuron-dependent pathway. Colonization of the anterior part of the intestine by E. faecalis leads to AWB and AWC mediated olfactory aversive learning. Finally, two transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels, GON-2 and GTL-2, mediate this newly described rapid pathogen avoidance. These results suggest a mechanism by which TRPM channels may sense the intestinal distension caused by bacterial colonization to elicit pathogen avoidance and aversive learning by detecting changes in host physiology.

Subunit interaction in channel assembly and functional regulation of transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-H. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Subunit Interaction ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽  
Functional Regulation ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Channel Assembly ◽  
Translational Mechanisms ◽  
Trpm Channels

Functional TRPM (transient receptor potential melastatin) ion channels are multimers, thought to be tetramers. Subunit interaction is the prerequisite step in channel assembly, and the specificity of subunit interaction is crucial in assembling channels with distinct functional properties. In addition, expression of short non-functional subunits and their interaction with full-length subunits serve as one of the post-translational mechanisms regulating the channel activity. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of TRPM subunit interactions and their roles in assembly and functional regulation of the TRPM channels.

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