scholarly journals The Innervation of Taste Buds in the Soft Palate and Circumvallate Papilla of the Rat as Revealed by the Zinc Iodide-Osmium Tetroxide Technique.

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas MÜLLER ◽  
Holger JASTROW
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Taste Buds ◽  
Circumvallate Papilla ◽  
Zinc Iodide

Cell Reactivity Pattern of the Guinea Pig Cecal Mucosa Evidenced by the ZIO Technique

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Juan Mora-Galindo ◽  
Jorge Arauz-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Reactivity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Zinc Iodide ◽  
Cecal Mucosa

The zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) technique is presently employed to study both, neural and non neural tissues. Precipitates depends on cell types and possibly cell metabol ism as well.Guinea pig cecal mucosa, already known to be composed of epithelium with cells at different maturation stages and lamina propria which i s formed by morphologically and functionally heterogeneous cell population, was studied to determine the pat tern of ZIO impregnation. For this, adult Guinea pg cecal mucosa was fixed with buffered 1.2 5% g 1 utara 1 dehyde before incubation with ZIO for 16 hours, a t 4°C in the dark. Further steps involved a quick sample dehydration in graded ethanols, embedding in Epon 812 and sectioning to observe the unstained material under a phase contrast light microscope (LM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

The differing effects of occipital and trunk somites on neural development in the chick embryo

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Lim ◽  
E.R. Lunn ◽  
R.J. Keynes ◽  
C.D. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Local Property ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Atlas And Axis ◽  
Zinc Iodide

In all higher vertebrate embryos the sensory ganglia of the trunk develop adjacent to the neural tube, in the cranial halves of the somite-derived sclerotomes. It has been known for many years that ganglia do not develop in the most cranial (occipital) sclerotomes, caudal to the first somite. Here we have investigated whether this is due to craniocaudal variation in the neural tube or crest, or to an unusual property of the sclerotomes at occipital levels. Using the monoclonal antibody HNK-1 as a marker for neural crest cells in the chick embryo, we find that the crest does enter the cranial halves of the occipital sclerotomes. Furthermore, staining with zinc iodide/osmium tetroxide shows that some of these crest-derived cells sprout axons within these sclerotomes. By stage 23, however, no dorsal root ganglia are present within the five occipital sclerotomes, as assessed both by haematoxylin/eosin and zinc iodide/osmium tetroxide staining. Moreover, despite this loss of sensory cells, motor axons grow out in these segments, many of them later fasciculating to form the hypoglossal nerve. The sclerotomes remain visible until stages 27/28, when they dissociate to form the base of the skull and the atlas and axis vertebrae. After grafting occipital neural tube from quail donor embryos in place of trunk neural tube in host chick embryos, quail-derived ganglia do develop in the trunk sclerotomes. This shows that the failure of occipital ganglion development is not the result of some fixed local property of the neural crest or neural tube at occipital levels. We therefore suggest that in the chick embryo the cranial halves of the five occipital sclerotomes lack factors essential for normal sensory ganglion development, and that these factors are correspondingly present in all the more caudal sclerotomes.

Quantitative Analysis of Taste Bud Cell Numbers in the Circumvallate and Foliate Taste Buds of Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-273
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ogata ◽  
Yoshitaka Ohtubo
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Taste Buds ◽  
Taste Bud ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fungiform Papilla ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Receptor Cells

Abstract A mouse single taste bud contains 10–100 taste bud cells (TBCs) in which the elongated TBCs are classified into 3 cell types (types I–III) equipped with different taste receptors. Accordingly, differences in the cell numbers and ratios of respective cell types per taste bud may affect taste-nerve responsiveness. Here, we examined the numbers of each immunoreactive cell for the type II (sweet, bitter, or umami receptor cells) and type III (sour and/or salt receptor cells) markers per taste bud in the circumvallate and foliate papillae and compared these numerical features of TBCs per taste bud to those in fungiform papilla and soft palate, which we previously reported. In circumvallate and foliate taste buds, the numbers of TBCs and immunoreactive cells per taste bud increased as a linear function of the maximal cross-sectional taste bud area. Type II cells made up approximately 25% of TBCs irrespective of the regions from which the TBCs arose. In contrast, type III cells in circumvallate and foliate taste buds made up approximately 11% of TBCs, which represented almost 2 times higher than what was observed in the fungiform and soft palate taste buds. The densities (number of immunoreactive cells per taste bud divided by the maximal cross-sectional area of the taste bud) of types II and III cells per taste bud are significantly higher in the circumvallate papillae than in the other regions. The effects of these region-dependent differences on the taste response of the taste bud are discussed.

Changes in Soft Palate Taste Buds of Rats Due to Aging and Zinc Deficiency

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamichi Naganuma ◽  
Minoru Ikeda ◽  
Hiroshi Tomita
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Taste Buds
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