OVARIAN HORMONES AND GROOMING BEHAVIOUR IN THE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

1966 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MICHAEL ◽  
J. HERBERT ◽  
J. WELEGALLA
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Endocrine Factors ◽  
Grooming Behaviour ◽  
Subsequent Addition

SUMMARY Grooming behaviour was studied quantitatively by observing pairs of oppositely sexed, adult rhesus monkeys during regular hourly test sessions over 2 yr.; at all other times the animals were caged singly. Rhythmic fluctuations in both male and female grooming occurred in relation to the menstrual cycle; the grooming times of males reached a maximum near mid-cycle, at which time the females' grooming was at a minimum. In some pairs, there were additional changes in the grooming times immediately before menstruation in the same direction as those near mid-cycle. Bilateral ovariectomy of the female of the pair abolished all rhythmic variations and reduced the grooming of the males. Subcutaneous injections of oestradiol into the ovariectomized female restored the grooming of males to the levels seen near mid-cycle. The subsequent addition of progesterone partially, but always consistently, antagonized the effects of oestradiol. Analysis of the hormone-induced alterations in grooming behaviour indicates a primary influence on the effectiveness of the grooming invitations of females, the proportion accepted by males increasing with oestradiol administration. These findings indicate that endocrine factors play a role in regulating grooming activity which constitutes an important aspect of the social behaviour of primates.

OVARIAN HORMONES AND THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE FEMALE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MICHAEL ◽  
J. WELEGALLA
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Behavioural Interactions ◽  
Female Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Types Of Change

SUMMARY Male and female sexual behaviour was studied quantitatively by observing pairs of oppositely sexed, adult rhesus monkeys during regular hourly test sessions over 2 yr.; at all other times the animals were housed singly. Rhythmic fluctuations in the sexual invitations of both males and females, and in the refusal reactions of females, occurred in relation to the menstrual cycle. A decline in male mounting activity occurred during the luteal phase of the cycle, and resulted from two principal types of change in male—female interaction: in one, males stopped making mounting attempts, although females continued inviting (loss of female attractiveness), and in the other, males continued to attempt to mount, but females stopped inviting and began refusing (loss of female receptivity). Bilateral ovariectomy of females abolished all rhythmic variations, and the behavioural interactions were reduced to low levels; these were restored by subcutaneous injections of oestradiol into the females. These findings indicate that sexual invitations in a female primate are mediated by ovarian hormones, and that the changes in male—female interaction during the menstrual cycle can be understood in terms of endocrine-dependent changes in sexual invitations and their outcome.

scholarly journals The menstrual cycle of the primates XII—The interaction of ovarian hormones in the cycle

1937 ◽  
Vol 124 (835) ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

The following study was undertaken for the purpose of throwing light on the endocrine mechanisms th at operate in menstrual cycles in which ovulation occurs, and in which the endometrium is consequently influenced by both the follicular and luteal hormones of the ovary. The immediate object of the investigation was to define experimental conditions that would conform temporally to the phases of the normal cycle, and under which uterine bleeding would occur at approximately 4-weekly intervals in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys treated with both oestrin and progestin. The information obtained in this study is complementary to observations that deal with the mechanism of anovular cycles (Zuckerman 1937 a, b ), and helps to provide a basis for the full interpretation of the menstrual cycle. Material and Methods Details about the spayed rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) used in this study are given in a previous paper (Zuckerman 1937 a ), where the reactions of the animals to varied conditions of oestrogenic stimulation are described.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON OOCYTE NUMBERS IN MATURE RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA)

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. GREEN ◽  
S. ZUCKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Right

SUMMARY An analysis of oocyte numbers in forty-two rhesus monkeys whose ovaries were removed on different days of the menstrual cycle showed (1) that the right and left ovaries usually contain about the same number of oocytes; (2) that oocyte numbers vary inversely with body weight; (3) that there are no significant differences in the total number of oocytes in the early, middle and last thirds of the cycle; and (4) that no constant relation exists between the proportion of follicles in different stages of development.

scholarly journals The effects of prolonged œstriol administration upon the sex skin of macaca mulatta

1935 ◽  
Vol 117 (802) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Reaction ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Bonnet Monkey ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sex Skin ◽  
Male Rhesus

The work of Collings (1926), Allen (1927, 1928), Morrell (1930), and Parkes and Zuckerman (1931) on rhesus monkeys has established the fact that the brilliant coloration of the skin about the genitalia and the face, loosely referred to as the sex skin, and seen in both the female and male of this species, can be called forth by the administration of œstrous-producing hormone. Parkes and Zuckerman could not produce it in the case of one castrate male rhesus and a castrate female bonnet monkey. M. radiata , but they obtained in an ovariectomized baboon the full swelling seen during the follicular phase, and Dohrn, Hohlweg and Schoeller (1932, 1933) working with both male and female baboons and employing crystalline “ progynon,” were uniformly successful in eliciting a reaction, which in the male specimens of this species consisted of a remarkable œdema of the genitalia. In the present paper we should like to report our own experiments concerning this particular skin reaction to œstriol. Material and Technique Eight macaques, including one immature and four adolescent animals, were studied. Of the total, five were normal animals, four of these being males. The remaining three comprised one castrate male and two hypophysectomized-castrate females.

Computer-task testing of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the social milieu

Primates ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Washburn ◽  
Stella Harper ◽  
Duane M. Rumbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Social Milieu ◽  
The Social

THE NUMBER OF OOCYTES IN THE MATURE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA)

1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. GREEN ◽  
S. ZUCKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Total Number ◽  
Sexually Mature

Estimates have been made of the total number of oocytes in ovaries removed on different days of the menstrual cycle from twelve sexually mature rhesus monkeys. They have been analysed on two assumptions: (a) that no relation exists over the range of age studied between age and the number of oocytes present; and (b) that such a relation exists. The data were grouped in the following three temporal phases of the menstrual cycle: days 1–9, days 10–18, days 19–27. Statistical analysis failed to reveal any significant difference between the average total number of oocytes present at the beginning, the middle, or the end of the menstrual cycle.

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