scholarly journals Endocrine side effects of broad-acting kinase inhibitors

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. R233-R244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya B Lodish ◽  
Constantine A Stratakis
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Gonadal Function

Targeted therapy in oncology consists of drugs that specifically interfere with abnormal signaling pathways that are dysregulated in cancer cells. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) take advantage of unique oncogenes that are activated in certain types of cancer, and also target common mechanisms of growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. However, many kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy are somewhat nonselective, and most have additional mechanisms of action at the cellular level, which are not completely understood. The use of these agents has increased our knowledge of important side effects, of which the practicing clinician must be aware. Recently, proposed endocrine-related side effects of these agents include alterations in thyroid function, bone metabolism, linear growth, gonadal function, fetal development, and glucose metabolism, and adrenal function. This review summarizes the most recent data on the endocrine side effects of TKIs.

scholarly journals Kinase Inhibitors: Adverse Effects Related to the Endocrine System

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1333-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya B. Lodish
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics

Context: The use of kinase inhibitors (KIs) in the treatment of cancer has become increasingly common, and practitioners must be familiar with endocrine-related side effects associated with these agents. This review provides an update to the clinician regarding the management of potential endocrinological effects of KIs. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed was employed to identify relevant manuscripts. A review of the literature was conducted, and data were summarized and incorporated. Evidence Synthesis: KIs, including small molecule KIs and monoclonal antibodies directed against kinases, have emerged over the past decade as an important class of anticancer agents. KIs specifically interfere with signaling pathways that are dysregulated in certain types of cancers and also target common mechanisms of growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Currently, at least 20 KIs are approved as cancer therapeutics. However, KIs may affect a broad spectrum of targets and may have additional, unidentified mechanisms of action at the cellular level due to overlap between signaling pathways in the tumor cell and endocrine system. Recent reports in the literature have identified side effects associated with KIs, including alterations in thyroid function, bone metabolism, linear growth, gonadal function, fetal development, adrenal function, and glucose metabolism. Conclusions: Clinicians need to monitor the thyroid functions of patients on KIs. In addition, bone density and vitamin D status should be assessed. Special care should be taken to follow linear growth and development in children taking these agents. Clinicians should counsel patients appropriately on the potential adverse effects of KIs on fetal development.

scholarly journals review on anticancer potential of Quercus infectoria and its bioactive compounds

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-705
Author(s):  
Illyana Ismail ◽  
Veshalini Kasiraja ◽  
Hasmah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Quercus Infectoria

Cancer is a life-threatening disease if not diagnosed and treated early. Available cancer treatments with undesirable side effects have led to the search for safer and more effective treatments. Therapeutic intervention using plant-derived natural products have been of great interest these days. Many plant-derived phytochemicals have been implicated with anticancer activities. Quercus infectoria is one of the prominent candidates for its chemopreventive mechanisms of action in cancer. Worldwide, this plant has been used in various medicinal purposes. Based on the available data from previous scientific researches, this review focuses on the anticancer potentials of Q. infectoria, as well as its bioactive compounds such as tannic acid, gallic acid and ellagic acid. This review will trigger of generating new insights into possible application of this plant in cancer therapy. 

Side effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on bone remodelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
JT Tauer ◽  
A Ulmer ◽  
LC Hofbauer ◽  
M Suttorp
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Bone Remodelling

Dexamethasone-Chemical Structure and Mechanisms of Action in Prophylaxis of Postoperative Side Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Roxana Ciobotaru ◽  
Mary-Nicoleta Lupu ◽  
Laura Rebegea ◽  
Octavian Catalin Ciobotaru ◽  
Oana Monica Duca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. In addition to these therapeutic indications, it is also recommended for nausea and vomiting treatment which may occur during the postoperative period, with impact on postoperative evolution, regarding the evolution of wound healing and length of stay (LOS), with a reflection on the costs of hospital admission. Therefore, their prevention is very important for both patients� comfort and a good recovery.

Hybrid Compounds & Oxidative Stress Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 2118-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Hanikoglu ◽  
Hakan Ozben ◽  
Ferhat Hanikoglu ◽  
Tomris Ozben
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Hybrid Compounds ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

: Elevated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generated by the conventional cancer therapies and the endogenous production of ROS have been observed in various types of cancers. In contrast to the harmful effects of oxidative stress in different pathologies other than cancer, ROS can speed anti-tumorigenic signaling and cause apoptosis of tumor cells via oxidative stress as demonstrated in several studies. The primary actions of antioxidants in cells are to provide a redox balance between reduction-oxidation reactions. Antioxidants in tumor cells can scavenge excess ROS, causing resistance to ROS induced apoptosis. Various chemotherapeutic drugs, in their clinical use, have evoked drug resistance and serious side effects. Consequently, drugs having single-targets are not able to provide an effective cancer therapy. Recently, developed hybrid anticancer drugs promise great therapeutic advantages due to their capacity to overcome the limitations encountered with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Hybrid compounds have advantages in comparison to the single cancer drugs which have usually low solubility, adverse side effects, and drug resistance. This review addresses two important treatments strategies in cancer therapy: oxidative stress induced apoptosis and hybrid anticancer drugs.

Nanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Epigenetics Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1098
Author(s):  
Fengqian Chen ◽  
Yunzhen Shi ◽  
Jinming Zhang ◽  
Qi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Epigenetic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
High Therapeutic Index

This review summarizes the epigenetic mechanisms of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications in cancer and the epigenetic modifications in cancer therapy. Due to their undesired side effects, the use of epigenetic drugs as chemo-drugs in cancer therapies is limited. The drug delivery system opens a door for minimizing these side effects and achieving greater therapeutic benefits. The limitations of current epigenetic therapies in clinical cancer treatment and the advantages of using drug delivery systems for epigenetic agents are also discussed. Combining drug delivery systems with epigenetic therapy is a promising approach to reaching a high therapeutic index and minimizing the side effects.

Progress on the Mechanism for Aspirin’s Anti-tumor Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Lin Zheng ◽  
Weibiao Lv ◽  
Yuanqing Zhou ◽  
Xu Lin ◽  
Jie Yao
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Proliferation And Metastasis ◽  
Review Current ◽  
Granule Release

: Since its discovery more than 100 years ago, aspirin has been widely used for its antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-rheumatic activities. In addition to these applications, it is increasingly becoming clear that the drug also has great potential in the field of cancer. Here, we briefly review current insights of aspirin’s anti-tumor effects. These are multiple and vary from inhibiting the major cellular mTOR pathways, acting as a calorie-restricted mimetic by inhibition of energy production, suppressing platelet aggregation and granule release, inhibiting immune escape of tumor cells, to decreasing inflammatory responses. We consider these five mechanisms of action the most significant of aspirin’s anti-tumor effects, whereby the anti-tumor effect may ultimately stem from its inhibition of energy metabolism, platelet function, and inflammatory response. As such, aspirin can play an important role to reduce the occurrence, proliferation, and metastasis of various types of tumors. However, most of the collected data are still based on epidemiological investi-gations. More direct and effective evidence is needed, and the side effects of aspirin intake need to be solved before this drug can be widely applied in cancer treatment.

Anticancer Properties of Essential Oils: An Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 957-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Aparecida Andrade ◽  
Mariana Aparecida Braga ◽  
Pedro Henrique Souza Cesar ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Cardoso Trento ◽  
Mariana Araújo Espósito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Antitumor Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Background: Essential oils are complex mixtures of low molecular weight compounds extracted from plants. Their main constituents are terpenes and phenylpropanoids, which are responsible for their biological and pharmaceutical properties, such as insecticidal, parasiticidal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antinociceptive, anticarcinogenic, and antitumor properties. Cancer is a complex genetic disease considered as a serious public health problem worldwide, accounting for more than 8 million deaths annually. Objective: The activities of prevention and treatment of different types of cancer and the medicinal potential of essential oils are addressed in this review. Conclusion: Several studies have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic and antitumor activity for many essential oils obtained from various plant species. They may be used as a substitution to or in addition to conventional anti-cancer therapy. Although many studies report possible mechanisms of action for essential oils compounds, more studies are necessary in order to apply them safely and appropriately in cancer therapy.

Aurora Kinase Inhibitors in Head and Neck Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Guangying Qi ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Sisi Mi ◽  
Takaaki Tsunematsu ◽  
Shengjian Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Aurora Kinase ◽  
Aurora Kinases ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Aurora Kinase Inhibitors

Aurora kinases are a group of serine/threonine kinases responsible for the regulation of mitosis. In recent years, with the increase in Aurora kinase-related research, the important role of Aurora kinases in tumorigenesis has been gradually recognized. Aurora kinases have been regarded as a new target for cancer therapy, resulting in the development of Aurora kinase inhibitors. The study and application of these small-molecule inhibitors, especially in combination with chemotherapy drugs, represent a new direction in cancer treatment. This paper reviews studies on Aurora kinases from recent years, including studies of their biological function, their relationship with tumor progression, and their inhibitors.

Mini-Review: Bmx Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jarboe ◽  
Shilpa Dutta ◽  
Sadanandan Velu ◽  
Christopher Willey
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors
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