Egg Carrying by a Male Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-761
Author(s):  
Larry J. Hindman
Keyword(s):  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Egg Carrying ◽  
Wood Duck

Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Hepp ◽  
Frank C. Bellrose
Keyword(s):  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

Note: Imprint Ability of Goldeneyes (Bucephala Clangula)

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-982
Author(s):  
Tore Bjerke ◽  
Leif G. Bjerke
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Bucephala Clangula ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wood Duck

17 Goldeneye ducklings were exposed to traditional audiovisual and auditory training stimuli 12 to 20 hr. after hatching. None of the ducklings followed the stimuli, which suggests differences in the mechanisms mediating species-identification between this species and the earlier studied Wood duck ( Aix sponsa). The differences are ascribed to the emotional development of Goldeneyes, since all individuals showed a high level of fear responding during testing.

Effects of incubation delay on viability and microbial growth of Wood Duck (Aix sponsa) eggs

The Auk ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnathan G. Walls ◽  
Gary R. Hepp ◽  
Lori G. Eckhardt
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

scholarly journals Slight differences in incubation temperature affect early growth and stress endocrinology of wood duck (Aix sponsa) ducklings

2009 ◽  
Vol 213 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. DuRant ◽  
G. R. Hepp ◽  
I. T. Moore ◽  
B. C. Hopkins ◽  
W. A. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

Aix sponsa (Wood duck) 2n = 80

1973 ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Beçak ◽  
Willy Beçak ◽  
Franklin L. Roberts ◽  
Robert N. Shoffner ◽  
E. Peter Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Hepp ◽  
Frank C. Bellrose
Keyword(s):  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

scholarly journals A Breeding Record for Wood Duck (Aix Sponsa) in Central Saskatchewan

Blue Jay ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
Harold Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Wood Duck

scholarly journals Nest parasitism, promiscuity, and relatedness among wood ducks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0257105
Author(s):  
Kayla Harvey ◽  
Philip Lavretsky ◽  
Justyn Foth ◽  
Christopher K. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Case ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Nest Parasitism ◽  
Wood Ducks ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Nuclear Loci ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Wood Duck ◽  
Do So

Nest parasitism is a common reproductive strategy used by many species of cavity nesting birds. Among these, the wood duck (Aix sponsa) is known to have evolved very specific strategies of when and whom to parasitize that is often based on population and/or environmental queues. Here, we investigated the genetic relationship of two female wood ducks competing over an artificial nesting box in Delaware, including the continued incubation of one female despite the death and body remains of the other female throughout the incubation process. We test whether such an extreme case of nest parasitism can be explained by relatedness, egg lineage composition, or a combination of other factors. To do so, we extracted genomic DNA from blood and tissue of the females, as well as chorioallantoic membranes of all viable and inviable eggs. Subsequently, we assessed relatedness among females and eggs based on hundreds of nuclear loci and the mitochondrial control region. We concluded that (1) the two incubating females were entirely unrelated, (2) the single clutch is in fact represented by a minimum of four unrelated females, and (3) a single female can lay eggs sired by different males. The latter finding is the first direct evidence for successful extra-pair copulation in wood ducks. With decreasing costs and increasing effectiveness, genomic methods have the potential to provide important insights into more complex ecological and evolutionary tactics of such populations.

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