Small High-Definition Video Cameras as a Tool to Resight Uniquely Marked Interior Least Terns (Sternula antillarum athalassos)

Waterbirds ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin L. Toy ◽  
Erin A. Roche ◽  
Colin M. Dovichin
Keyword(s):  
High Definition ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Least Terns

scholarly journals The effect of singers masks on the impulse dispersion of aerosols during singing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Echternach ◽  
Laila Ava Hermann ◽  
Sophia Gantner ◽  
Bogac Tur ◽  
Gregor Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Transmission Factor ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Professional Singers ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Aerosol Dispersion

Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, singing activities were restricted due to several super-spreading events which have been observed during rehearsals and vocal performances. However, it has not been clarified how the aerosol dispersion, which has been assumed to be the leading transmission factor, could be reduced by masks which are specially designed for singers. Material and Methods: 12 professional singers (10 of the Bavarian Radio-Chorus and two freelancers, 7 females and 5 males) were asked to sing the melody of the ode of joy of Beethovens 9. symphony Freude schoener Goetterfunken, Tochter aus Elysium in D-major without masks and afterwards with five different singers masks, all distinctive in their material and proportions. Every task was conducted after inhaling the basic liquid from an e-cigarette. The aerosol dispersion was recorded by three high-definition video cameras during and after the task. The cloud was segmented and the dispersion was analyzed for all three spatial dimensions. Further, the subjects were asked to rate the practicability of wearing the tested masks during singing activities using a questionnaire. Results: Concerning the median distances of dispersion, all masks were able to decrease the impulse dispersion of the aerosols to the front. In contrast, the dispersion to the sides and to the top was increased. The evaluation revealed that most of the subjects would reject performing a concert with any of the masks. Conclusion: Although, the results exhibit that the tested masks could be able to reduce the radius of aerosol expulsion for virus-laden aerosol particles, there are more improvements necessary to enable the practical implementations for professional singing.

A full digital, high definition video system (1080i) for laryngoscopy and stroboscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tsunoda ◽  
A Hatanaka ◽  
R Tsunoda ◽  
S Kishimoto ◽  
K Tsunoda
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Monitor ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Still Image ◽  
Video System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
High Definition Video ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Video Systems

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of a full digital, high definition video system for laryngeal observations.Methods:A newly available, full digital, high definition video camera and high definition video monitor were used. With an endoscopic adaptor and rigid telescope, laryngoscopy and stroboscopy were performed on patients with various kinds of laryngeal lesions.Results:All laryngeal lesions were observed and recorded by the full digital, high definition video camera without incident. The image quality for laryngoscopy and stroboscopy was far superior to that of a conventional video system, including video-endoscopy. Even tiny structures or lesions could clearly be visualised on the monitor. The still image obtained from the full digital, high definition video camera was 1920 × 1080 pixels and was comparable to that obtained from a still camera.Conclusions:Full digital, high definition video cameras are now commonplace products and can easily be applied to patients with laryngeal disorders. They provide superior laryngeal images, compared with conventional video systems. Furthermore, high definition video systems are cheaper than proprietary medical video systems. We consider our system to represent an accessible technique of gaining superior laryngeal observation in otolaryngological clinics.

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