scholarly journals Population Variation of the Fall Armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,in the Western Hemisphere

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete L. Clark ◽  
Jaime Molina-Ochoa ◽  
Samuel Martinelli ◽  
Steven R. Skoda ◽  
David J. Isenhour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Population Variation

Effect of Noctuidonema guyanense (Nematoda: Acugutturidae) on the Longevity of Feral Male Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Moths2

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Marti ◽  
C. E. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
New Host ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Apparent Age

Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain is an ectoparasitic nematode of certain species of adult Lepidoptera, particularly Noctuidae, in the Western Hemisphere. It is transferred to a new host when the insects mate. Survival of infested and uninfested feral adult males of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), the fall armyworm, was compared at three different temperature regimens (20°C, 30°C, and 30/20°C) at 14:10 L/D at 80% RH. Apparent age differences were controlled by pairing moths having the same amount of scale loss. Overall mean nematode infestations of 239.3 and 0 in infested and uninfested groups produced significantly different mean longevity of 3.7 and 6.2 days, respectively. At 20°C, survival of both groups increased to 6.2 and 13.3 days, but remained significantly different. The results demonstrate a deleterious effect of Noctuidonema infestation on longevity of feral adult male S. frugiperda.

scholarly journals Viruses of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda: A Review with Prospects for Biological Control

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2220
Author(s):  
Ahmed G. Hussain ◽  
Jörg T. Wennmann ◽  
Georg Goergen ◽  
Astrid Bryon ◽  
Vera I.D. Ros
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Management Options

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a native pest species in the Western hemisphere. Since it was first reported in Africa in 2016, FAW has spread throughout the African continent and is now also present in several countries in Asia as well as Australia. The invasion of FAW in these areas has led to a high yield reduction in crops, leading to huge economic losses. FAW management options in the newly invaded areas are limited and mainly rely on the use of synthetic pesticides. Since there is a risk of resistance development against pesticides in addition to the negative environmental and human health impacts, other effective, sustainable, and cost-efficient control alternatives are desired. Insect pathogenic viruses fulfil these criteria as they are usually effective and highly host-specific with no significant harmful effect on beneficial insects and non-target organisms. In this review, we discuss all viruses known from FAW and their potential to be used for biological control. We specifically focus on baculoviruses and describe the recent advancements in the use of baculoviruses for biological control in the native geographic origin of FAW, and their potential use in the newly invaded areas. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps and suggest new avenues for productive research on the use of viruses as a biopesticide against FAW.

scholarly journals Evidence that a major subpopulation of fall armyworm found in the Western Hemisphere is rare or absent in Africa, which may limit the range of crops at risk of infestation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney N. Nagoshi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere ◽  
Plant Hosts ◽  
Risk Of Fall

AbstractThe introduction and establishment of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Africa presents a major threat to agriculture in that continent and potentially to the entire Eastern Hemisphere. The species is subdivided into two subpopulations called the R-strain and C-strain that differ in their distribution on different plant hosts. This means that the scope of the economic risk posed by invasive fall armyworm is influenced by whether one or both strains are present. Multiple studies have found mitochondrial markers diagnostic of the two strains throughout Africa but there is substantial disagreement with a nuclear strain marker that makes conclusions about strain composition uncertain. In this study the issue of whether both strains are present in Africa was tested by an assay that can detect strain-biased mating behaviors. Western Hemisphere fall armyworm consistently showed evidence of strain-specific assortative mating in the field that was not found in surveys from multiple locations in Africa. The absence of strain mating biases and the disagreements between the strain diagnostic genetic markers indicates that the R-strain is rare (<1% of the population) or absent in Africa. Instead, it appears that the African fall armyworm populations are dominated by two groups, the C-strain and the descendants of interstrain hybrids. These results suggest that plant hosts associated with the R-strain may not be at high risk of fall armyworm infestation in Africa.

scholarly journals Host-Adapted Strains of Spodoptera frugiperda Hold and Share a Core Microbial Community Across the Western Hemisphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia C. Oliveira ◽  
Pedro A.P. Rodrigues ◽  
Fernando L. Cônsoli
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Host Strains

AbstractThe fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is an important polyphagous agricultural pest in the Western Hemisphere and currently invasive to countries of the Eastern Hemisphere. This species has two host-adapted strains named “rice” and “corn” strains. Our goal was to identify the occurrence of core members in the gut bacterial community of Fall armyworm larvae from distinct geographical distribution and/or host strain. We used next-generation sequencing to identify the microbial communities of S. frugiperda from corn fields in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, and Peru, and rice fields from Panama. The larval gut microbiota of S. frugiperda larvae did not differ between the host strains neither was it affected by the geographical distribution of the populations investigated. Our findings provide additional support for Enterococcus and Pseudomonas as core members of the bacterial community associated with the larval gut of S. frugiperda, regardless of the site of collection or strain, suggesting that these bacteria may maintain true symbiotic relationships with the fall armyworm. Further investigations are required for a deeper understanding of the nature of this relationship.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationship of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Populations that Invaded Africa and Asia

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Rajendra Acharya ◽  
Ashraf Akintayo Akintola ◽  
Matabaro Joseph Malekera ◽  
Patrick Kamulegeya ◽  
Keneth Benedictor Nyakunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Z Chromosome ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Linked Gene ◽  
Rice Strain ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Fourth Exon

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an important agricultural pest native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Western Hemisphere, and has invaded Africa and further spread into most countries of Asia within two years. Here, we analyzed the genetic variation of invaded populations by comparing the nucleotide sequences of two genes: the nuclear Z-chromosome linked gene triose phosphate isomerase (Tpi) and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of 27 specimens collected in Africa (DR Congo, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) and Asia (Bangladesh, Korea, Nepal, and Vietnam). The results revealed that 25 specimens were from a heterogeneous hybrid (Tpi-corn strain and COI-rice strain; Tpi-C/COI-R) of the corn strain male and rice strain female, but two specimens were from a homogenous corn strain (Tpi-corn strain and COI-corn strain; Tpi-C/COI-C). The further analysis of the fourth exon and the fourth intron sequences of the Tpi gene identified at least four subgroups of the corn strain. These four genetic subgroups were identified in Africa and Asia, suggesting no significant genetic change due to the rapid migration within two years. Our study provides essential information for understanding the genetic diversity of fall armyworm in new habitats.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan-dan ZHANG ◽  
Yu-tao XIAO ◽  
Peng-jun XU ◽  
Xian-ming YANG ◽  
Qiu-lin WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Resistance Monitoring

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Push–Pull Systems to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Management in Maize Crops in Morelos, Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Ouorou Ganni Mariel Guera ◽  
Federico Castrejón-Ayala ◽  
Norma Robledo ◽  
Alfredo Jiménez-Pérez ◽  
Georgina Sánchez-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Pull Systems ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
Block Experiment

Chemical control is the main method used to combat fall armyworm in maize crops. However, its indiscriminate use usually leads to a more complex scenario characterized by loss of its effectiveness due to the development of resistance of the insect pest, emergence of secondary pests, and reduction of the populations of natural enemies. For this reason, efforts to develop strategies for agroecological pest management such as Push–Pull are increasingly growing. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate field effectiveness of Push–Pull systems for S. frugiperda management in maize crops in Morelos, Mexico. In a randomized block experiment, the incidence and severity of S. frugiperda, the development and yield of maize were evaluated in nine Push–Pull systems and a maize monoculture. The Push–Pull systems presented incidence/severity values lower than those of the monoculture. Morphological development and maize yield in the latter were lower than those of most Push–Pull systems. Mombasa—D. ambrosioides, Mulato II—T. erecta, Mulato II—C. juncea, Tanzania—T. erecta and Tanzania—D. ambrosioides systems presented higher yields than those of monocultures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document