The Postzygotic Isolation of a Unique Morphotype of FrogRana rugosa(Ranidae) Found on Sado Island, Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Ohtani ◽  
Kunio Sekiya ◽  
Mitsuaki Ogata ◽  
Ikuo Miura
Keyword(s):  
Postzygotic Isolation

scholarly journals Hybridization and postzygotic isolation promote reinforcement of male mating preferences in a diverse group of fishes with traditional sex roles

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 9282-9294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Moran ◽  
Muchu Zhou ◽  
Julian M. Catchen ◽  
Rebecca C. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Sex Roles ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Mating Preferences

scholarly journals Morphologically cryptic Amazonian bird species pairs exhibit strong postzygotic reproductive isolation

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1874) ◽  
pp. 20172081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Pulido-Santacruz ◽  
Alexandre Aleixo ◽  
Jason T. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Hybrid Index ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Hybrid Classes

We possess limited understanding of how speciation unfolds in the most species-rich region of the planet—the Amazon basin. Hybrid zones provide valuable information on the evolution of reproductive isolation, but few studies of Amazonian vertebrate hybrid zones have rigorously examined the genome-wide underpinnings of reproductive isolation. We used genome-wide genetic datasets to show that two deeply diverged, but morphologically cryptic sister species of forest understorey birds show little evidence for prezygotic reproductive isolation, but substantial postzygotic isolation. Patterns of heterozygosity and hybrid index revealed that hybrid classes with heavily recombined genomes are rare and closely match simulations with high levels of selection against hybrids. Genomic and geographical clines exhibit a remarkable similarity across loci in cline centres, and have exceptionally narrow cline widths, suggesting that postzygotic isolation is driven by genetic incompatibilities at many loci, rather than a few loci of strong effect. We propose Amazonian understorey forest birds speciate slowly via gradual accumulation of postzygotic genetic incompatibilities, with prezygotic barriers playing a less important role. Our results suggest old, cryptic Amazonian taxa classified as subspecies could have substantial postzygotic isolation deserving species recognition and that species richness is likely to be substantially underestimated in Amazonia.

Laboratory hybridization in green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysoperla): evidence for genetic incompatibility

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Martínez Wells
Keyword(s):  
Hatching Success ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Genetic Incompatibility ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Behavioral Isolation ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Chrysoperla Plorabunda

Courtship songs are an important reproductive barrier in lacewings of the genus Chrysoperla, so heterotypic matings should occur less readily than homotypic matings. In addition, if song morphs have become separate species, there may be some postzygotic isolation between song morphs. Two generations of crosses using sympatric P1 and P3 morphs of Chrysoperla plorabunda provide evidence for both hypotheses. In the first stage of the experiment, egg laying (an indication of mating success) was delayed by a week in heterotypic crosses compared with homotypic crosses, and hatching success of eggs from hybrid crosses was 16% lower than that from control crosses. In the second stage of the experiment, backcrosses involving P3 morph males or females were the least successful in mating. When pairs did mate, they did so a week later than in the other crosses. Thus, behavioral isolation delays heterotypic matings when females are not given a choice of mates. These results provide some genetic evidence that the song morphs of the C. plorabunda complex are biological species.

scholarly journals Ecological Constraints Limit the Fitness of Fungal Hybrids in the Heterobasidion annosum Species Complex

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (19) ◽  
pp. 6106-6111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
Paolo Gonthier ◽  
Giovanni Nicolotti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Isolation Mechanisms

ABSTRACT The ability of two closely related species to maintain species boundaries in spite of retained interfertility between them is a documented driving force of speciation. Experimental evidence to support possible interspecific postzygotic isolation mechanisms for organisms belonging to the kingdom Fungi is still missing. Here we report on the outcome of a series of controlled comparative inoculation experiments of parental wild genotypes and F1 hybrid genotypes between closely related and interfertile taxa within the Heterobasidion annosum fungal species complex. Results indicated that these fungal hybrids are not genetically unfit but can fare as well as parental genotypes when inoculated on substrates favorable to both parents. However, when placed in substrates favoring one of the parents, hybrids are less competitive than the parental genotypes specialized on that substrate. Furthermore, in some but not all fungus × plant combinations, a clear asymmetry in fitness was observed between hybrids carrying identical nuclear genomes but different cytoplasms. This work provides some of the first experimental evidence of ecologically driven postzygotic reinforcement of isolation between closely related fungal species characterized by marked host specificity. Host specialization is one of the most striking traits of a large number of symbiotic and parasitic fungi; thus, we suggest the ecological mechanism proven here to reinforce isolation among Heterobasidion spp. may be generally valid for host-specialized fungi. The validity of this generalization is supported by the low number of known fungal hybrids and by their distinctive feature of being found in substrates different from those colonized by parental species.

Impact of ancestral populations on postzygotic isolation in allopatric speciation

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiko I. Hayashi ◽  
Masakado Kawata
Keyword(s):  
Allopatric Speciation ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation

scholarly journals Testing for intraspecific postzygotic isolation between cryptic lineages of P seudacris crucifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (14) ◽  
pp. 4621-4630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Stewart ◽  
Stephen C. Lougheed
Keyword(s):  
Postzygotic Isolation

scholarly journals Geographical variation in postzygotic isolation and its genetic basis within and between two Mimulus species

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1552) ◽  
pp. 2469-2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noland H. Martin ◽  
John H. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Hybrid Fitness ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Germination Success

The aim of this study is to investigate the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic isolation within and between populations of Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nasutus . We made 17 intraspecific and interspecific crosses, across a wide geographical scale. We examined the seed germination success and pollen fertility of reciprocal F 1 and F 2 hybrids and their pure-species parents, and used biometrical genetic tests to distinguish among alternative models of inheritance. Hybrid seed inviability was sporadic in both interspecific and intraspecific crosses. For several crosses, Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities involving nuclear genes were implicated, while two interspecific crosses revealed evidence of cytonuclear interactions. Reduced hybrid pollen fertility was found to be greatly influenced by Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities in five out of six intraspecific crosses and nine out of 11 interspecific crosses. Cytonuclear incompatibilities reduced hybrid fitness in only one intraspecific and one interspecific cross. This study suggests that intrinsic postzygotic isolation is common in hybrids between these Mimulus species, yet the particular hybrid incompatibilities responsible for effecting this isolation differ among the populations tested. Hence, we conclude that they evolve and spread only at the local scale.

scholarly journals HYBRIDIZATION AND POSTZYGOTIC ISOLATION PATTERNS IN PIGEONS AND DOVES

Evolution ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARÍO A. LIJTMAER ◽  
BETTINA MAHLER ◽  
PABLO L. TUBARO
Keyword(s):  
Postzygotic Isolation

scholarly journals Oviposition traits generate extrinsic postzygotic isolation between two pine sawfly species

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Bendall ◽  
Kim L. Vertacnik ◽  
Catherine R. Linnen
Keyword(s):  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Pine Sawfly
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