Antipredator Skin Secretions of the Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in Its Northern Range

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth R. Hopkins ◽  
Saphida W. Migabo
Keyword(s):  
Ambystoma Macrodactylum ◽  
Skin Secretions

scholarly journals Bufadienolides from the Skin Secretions of the Neotropical Toad Rhinella alata (Anura: Bufonidae): Antiprotozoal Activity against Trypanosoma cruzi

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4217
Author(s):  
Candelario Rodriguez ◽  
Roberto Ibáñez ◽  
Luis Mojica ◽  
Michelle Ng ◽  
Carmenza Spadafora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vero Cells ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Antitrypanosomal Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Toad Venom ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mcf 7

Toads in the family Bufonidae contain bufadienolides in their venom, which are characterized by their chemical diversity and high pharmacological potential. American trypanosomiasis is a neglected disease that affects an estimated 8 million people in tropical and subtropical countries. In this research, we investigated the chemical composition and antitrypanosomal activity of toad venom from Rhinella alata collected in Panama. Structural determination using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy led to the identification of 10 bufadienolides. Compounds identified include the following: 16β-hydroxy-desacetyl-bufotalin-3-adipoyl-arginine ester (1), bufotalin (2), 16β-hydroxy-desacetyl-bufotalin-3-pimeloyl-arginine ester (3), bufotalin-3-pimeloyl-arginine ester (4), 16β-hydroxy-desacetyl-bufotalin-3-suberoyl-arginine ester (5), bufotalin-3-suberoyl-arginine ester (6), cinobufagin-3-adipoyl-arginine ester (7), cinobufagin-3-pimeloyl-arginine ester (8), cinobufagin-3-suberoyl-arginine ester (9), and cinobufagin (10). Among these, three new natural products, 1, 3, and 5, are described, and compounds 1–10 are reported for the first time in R. alata. The antitrypanosomal activity assessed in this study revealed that the presence of an arginyl-diacid attached to C-3, and a hydroxyl group at C-14 in the structure of bufadienolides that is important for their biological activity. Bufadienolides showed cytotoxic activity against epithelial kidney Vero cells; however, bufagins (2 and 10) displayed low mammalian cytotoxicity. Compounds 2 and 10 showed activity against the cancer cell lines MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Skin Secretion Peptides of the Gliding Leaf Frog, Agalychnis spurrelli (Hylidae)

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Proaño-Bolaños ◽  
Ailín Blasco-Zúñiga ◽  
José Rafael Almeida ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Miguel Angel Llumiquinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Peptide Profile ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Skin Secretions

Frog skin secretions contain medically-valuable molecules, which are useful for the discovery of new biopharmaceuticals. The peptide profile of the skin secretion of Agalychnis spurrelli has not been investigated; therefore, the structural and biological characterization of its compounds signify an inestimable opportunity to acquire new biologically-active chemical scaffolds. In this work, skin secretion from this amphibian was analysed by molecular cloning and tandem mass spectrometry. Although the extent of this work was not exhaustive, eleven skin secretion peptides belonging to five peptide families were identified. Among these, we report the occurrence of two phyllokinins, and one medusin-SP which were previously reported in other related species. In addition, eight novel peptides were identified, including four dermaseptins, DRS-SP2 to DRS-SP5, one phylloseptin-SP1, and three orphan peptides. Phylloseptin-SP1 and dermaseptins-SP2 were identified in HPLC fractions based on their molecular masses determined by MALDI-TOF MS. Among the antimicrobial peptides, dermaseptin-SP2 was the most potent, inhibiting Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and ORSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.68 μM, and Candida albicans with an MIC of 10.71 μM, without haemolytic effects. The peptides described in this study represent but a superficial glance at the considerable structural diversity of bioactive peptides produced in the skin secretion of A. spurrelli.

Antimicrobial Peptides from Skin Secretions ofHypsiboas pulchellus(Anura: Hylidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Siano ◽  
María Verónica Húmpola ◽  
Eliandre de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Albericio ◽  
Arturo C. Simonetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Skin Secretions

Purification and properties of antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of the Eritrea clawed frog Xenopus clivii (Pipidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Conlon ◽  
Milena Mechkarska ◽  
Eman Ahmed ◽  
Jérôme Leprince ◽  
Hubert Vaudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Purification And Properties ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Clawed Frog

Demography and Migratory Patterns of the Eastern Long-Toed Salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum

Copeia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 (2) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Beneski ◽  
Edward J. Zalisko ◽  
John H. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Ambystoma Macrodactylum ◽  
Migratory Patterns

A comparison of host-defense peptides in skin secretions of female Xenopus laevis×Xenopus borealis and X. borealis×X. laevis F1 hybrids

Peptides ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Mechkarska ◽  
Manju Prajeep ◽  
Jérôme Leprince ◽  
Hubert Vaudry ◽  
Mohammed A. Meetani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Defense Peptides ◽  
Xenopus Borealis

Isolation of peptides of the brevinin-1 family with potent candidacidal activity from the skin secretions of the frog Rana boylii

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Conlon ◽  
Á. Sonnevend ◽  
M. Patel ◽  
C. Davidson ◽  
P.F. Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rana Boylii ◽  
Skin Secretions

Pharmacology of Surfactants in Skin Secretions of Marine Fish

2009 ◽  
pp. 169-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliahu Kalmanzon ◽  
Eliahu Zlotkin
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Skin Secretions
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