Effects of High-LET Radiation Exposure and Hindlimb Unloading on Skeletal Muscle Resistance Artery Vasomotor Properties and Cancellous Bone Microarchitecture in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payal Ghosh ◽  
Brad J. Behnke ◽  
John N. Stabley ◽  
Cody R. Kilar ◽  
Yoonjung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Resistance Artery ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
High Let

The Effects of Low-Dose, High-LET Radiation Exposure on Three Models of Behavior in C57BL/6 Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pecaut ◽  
Paul Haerich ◽  
Cara N. Zuccarelli Miller ◽  
Anna L. Smith ◽  
Erik D. Zendejas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
High Let

THE IDENTIFICATION OF SERUM BIOMARKERS OF HIGH-LET RADIATION EXPOSURE AND BIOLOGICAL SEQUELAE

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Britten ◽  
Shamina Mitchell ◽  
Angela M. Johnson ◽  
Sylvia J. Singletary ◽  
Sonia K. Keeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
High Let

scholarly journals Behavioral Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans Against High-LET Radiation Exposure

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Sakashita ◽  
Michiyo Suzuki ◽  
Nobuyuki Hamada ◽  
Yoko Shimozawa ◽  
Kana Shirai-Fukamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
High Let ◽  
Behavioral Resistance

scholarly journals Effects of hindlimb unloading and ionizing radiation on skeletal muscle resistance artery vasodilation and its relation to cancellous bone in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda D. Prisby ◽  
Joshua S. Alwood ◽  
Brad J. Behnke ◽  
John N. Stabley ◽  
Danielle J. McCullough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Spaceflight has profound effects on vascular function as a result of weightlessness that may be further compounded by radiation exposure. The purpose of the present study was to assess the individual and combined effects of hindlimb unloading (HU) and radiation (Rad) on vasodilator responses in the skeletal muscle vasculature. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to one of four groups: control (Con), HU (tail suspension for 15 days), Rad (200 cGy of 137Cs), and HU-Rad (15-day tail suspension and 200 cGy of 137Cs). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of gastrocnemius feed arteries was assessed in vitro using acetylcholine (ACh, 10−9–10−4 M) and inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX). Endothelium-independent vasodilation was assessed using Dea-NONOate (10−9–10−4 M). Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilator responses were impaired relative to Con responses in all treatment groups; however, there was no further impairment from the combination of treatments (HU-Rad) relative to that in the HU and Rad groups. The NOS-mediated contribution to endothelium-dependent vasodilation was depressed with HU and Rad. This impairment in NOS signaling may have been partially compensated for by an enhancement of PGI2-mediated dilation. Changes in endothelium-dependent vasodilation were also associated with decrements in trabecular bone volume in the proximal tibia metaphysis. These data demonstrate that the simulated space environment (i.e., radiation exposure and unloading of muscle and bone) significantly impairs skeletal muscle artery vasodilation, mediated through endothelium-dependent reductions in NOS signaling and decrements in vascular smooth muscle cell responsiveness to NO.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects of Radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8151
Author(s):  
Sharda Kumari ◽  
Shibani Mukherjee ◽  
Debapriya Sinha ◽  
Salim Abdisalaam ◽  
Sunil Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Carbon Particle ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Let ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Tumor Death

Radiation therapy (RT), an integral component of curative treatment for many malignancies, can be administered via an increasing array of techniques. In this review, we summarize the properties and application of different types of RT, specifically, conventional therapy with x-rays, stereotactic body RT, and proton and carbon particle therapies. We highlight how low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation induces simple DNA lesions that are efficiently repaired by cells, whereas high-LET radiation causes complex DNA lesions that are difficult to repair and that ultimately enhance cancer cell killing. Additionally, we discuss the immunogenicity of radiation-induced tumor death, elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which radiation mounts innate and adaptive immune responses and explore strategies by which we can increase the efficacy of these mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms by which RT modulates immune signaling and the key players involved in modulating the RT-mediated immune response will help to improve therapeutic efficacy and to identify novel immunomodulatory drugs that will benefit cancer patients undergoing targeted RT.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document