The Maximum Low-Dose RBE of 17.4 and 40 keV Monochromatic X Rays for the Induction of Dicentric Chromosomes in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schmid ◽  
M. Krumrey ◽  
G. Ulm ◽  
H. Roos ◽  
D. Regulla
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dicentric Chromosomes ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

Dose–effect relationships of nucleoplasmic bridges and complex nuclear anomalies in human peripheral lymphocytes exposed to60Co γ-rays at a relatively low dose

Mutagenesis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Lei Tian ◽  
Hua Zhao ◽  
Tian-Jing Cai ◽  
Xue Lu ◽  
De-Qing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Γ Rays

Reactive oxygen species in cell responses to toxic agents

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Feinendegen
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Particle Tracks ◽  
Dose Radiation

This review first summarizes experimental data on biological effects of different concentrations of ROS in mammalian cells and on their potential role in modifying cell responses to toxic agents. It then attempts to link the role of steadily produced metabolic ROS at various concentrations in mammalian cells to that of environmentally derived ROS bursts from exposure to ionizing radiation. The ROS from both sources are known to both cause biological damage and change cellular signaling, depending on their concentration at a given time. At low concentrations signaling effects of ROS appear to protect cellular survival and dominate over damage, and the reverse occurs at high ROS concentrations. Background radiation generates suprabasal ROS bursts along charged particle tracks several times a year in each nanogram of tissue, i.e., average mass of a mammalian cell. For instance, a burst of about 200 ROS occurs within less than a microsecond from low-LET irradiation such as X-rays along the track of a Compton electron (about 6 keV, ranging about 1 μm). One such track per nanogram tissue gives about 1 mGy to this mass. The number of instantaneous ROS per burst along the track of a 4-meV ¬-particle in 1 ng tissue reaches some 70000. The sizes, types and sites of these bursts, and the time intervals between them directly in and around cells appear essential for understanding low-dose and low dose-rate effects on top of effects from endogenous ROS. At background and low-dose radiation exposure, a major role of ROS bursts along particle tracks focuses on ROS-induced apoptosis of damage-carrying cells, and also on prevention and removal of DNA damage from endogenous sources by way of temporarily protective, i.e., adaptive, cellular responses. A conclusion is to consider low-dose radiation exposure as a provider of physiological mechanisms for tissue homoeostasis.

scholarly journals Clastogenic effects of food additive citric acid in human peripheral lymphocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Yılmaz ◽  
Fatma Ünal ◽  
Deniz Yüzbaşıoğlu ◽  
Hüseyin Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Low-Dose Radiation Activates Akt and Nrf2 in the Kidney of Diabetic Mice: A Potential Mechanism to Prevent Diabetic Nephropathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xing ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Minglong Shao ◽  
Qingyue Tong ◽  
Guirong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Nrf2 Expression ◽  
Dose Radiation

Repetitive exposure of diabetic mice to low-dose radiation (LDR) at 25 mGy could significantly attenuate diabetes-induced renal inflammation, oxidative damage, remodeling, and dysfunction, for which, however, the underlying mechanism remained unknown. The present study explored the effects of LDR on the expression and function of Akt and Nrf2 in the kidney of diabetic mice. C57BL/6J mice were used to induce type 1 diabetes with multiple low-dose streptozotocin. Diabetic and age-matched control mice were irradiated with whole body X-rays at either single 25 mGy and 75 mGy or accumulated 75 mGy (25 mGy daily for 3 days) and then sacrificed at 1–12 h for examining renal Akt phosphorylation and Nrf2 expression and function. We found that 75 mGy of X-rays can stimulate Akt signaling pathway and upregulate Nrf2 expression and function in diabetic kidneys; single exposure of 25 mGy did not, but three exposures to 25 mGy of X-rays could offer a similar effect as single exposure to 75 mGy on the stimulation of Akt phosphorylation and the upregulation of Nrf2 expression and transcription function. These results suggest that single 75 mGy or multiple 25 mGy of X-rays can stimulate Akt phosphorylation and upregulate Nrf2 expression and function, which may explain the prevention of LDR against the diabetic nephropathy mentioned above.

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