Cranial Morphology ofTheriosuchus sympiestodon(Mesoeucrocodylia, Atoposauridae) and the Widespread Occurrence ofTheriosuchusin the Late Cretaceous of Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy E. Martin ◽  
Márton Rabi ◽  
Zoltán Csiki-Sava ◽  
Ştefan Vasile
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
General Area ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
New Material ◽  
Haţeg Basin

We present a detailed morphological description of the type-locality cranial material ofTheriosuchus sympiestodonMartin, Rabi, and Csiki, 2010 from the Maastrichtian Densuş-Ciula Formation of the Haţeg Basin, Romania together with new material of isolated cranial elements and teeth from various sites of the same general area. The recognition of several individuals of distinct sizes allows for an assessment of ontogenetic variation in this taxon. New material, consisting of isolated teeth and an incomplete maxilla with in situ teeth, coming from various late Campanian/early Maastrichtian sites in southern France is referable to ?Theriosuchussp. and hints to a rare but widespread distribution ofTheriosuchusin the Late Cretaceous European archipelago.

A review of Leidyosuchus canadensis Lambe, 1907 (Archosauria: Crocodylia) and an assessment of cranial variation based upon new material

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1665-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Chun Wu ◽  
Anthony P Russell ◽  
Donald B Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Cranial Variation ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Material ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
Two Stages

Cranial morphology of Leidyosuchus canadensis Lambe 1907 is reviewed based on previously undescribed material—seven skulls and eight mandibles. This species can be distinctively diagnosed by more than 10 derived features. New information supports the contention that L. canadensis is the sole representative of Leidyosuchus, and indicates that it is very different from the other species previously assigned to this taxon. The membership of L. canadensis within Alligatoroidea is also demonstrated by new information revealed in this study. Ontogenetic and individual variation in the cranial anatomy of L. canadensis are documented. The contact of the premaxillary–maxillary suture with the incisive foramen is not diagnostic of the taxon; rather, it exhibits individual variation. Leidyosuchus is endemic to North America. There was no faunal interchange of crocodyliforms between North America and central Asia during the last two stages of the Late Cretaceous.

Correlation of Grassy Lake and Cedar Lake ambers using infrared spectroscopy, stable isotopes, and palaeoentomology

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. McKellar ◽  
Alexander P. Wolfe ◽  
Ralf Tappert ◽  
Karlis Muehlenbachs
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Geochemical Fingerprinting ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Distance Transport

The Late Cretaceous Grassy Lake and Cedar Lake amber deposits of western Canada are among North America’s most famous amber-producing localities. Although it has been suggested for over a century that Cedar Lake amber from western Manitoba may be a secondary deposit having originated from strata in Alberta, this hypothesis has not been tested explicitly using geochemical fingerprinting coupled to comparative analyses of arthropod faunal content. Although there are many amber-containing horizons associated with Cretaceous coals throughout Alberta, most are thermally mature and brittle, thus lacking the resilience to survive long distance transport while preserving intact biotic inclusions. One of the few exceptions is the amber found in situ at Grassy Lake. We present a suite of new analyses from these and other Late Cretaceous ambers from western Canada, including stable isotopes (H and C), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and an updated faunal compendium for the Grassy and Cedar lakes arthropod assemblages. When combined with amber’s physical properties and stratigraphic constraints, the results of these analyses confirm that Cedar Lake amber is derived directly from the Grassy Lake amber deposit or an immediate correlative equivalent. This enables the palaeoenvironmental context of Grassy Lake amber to be extended to the Cedar Lake deposit, making possible a more inclusive survey of Cretaceous arthropod faunas.

Evolution of early Eocene Palaeosinopa (Mammalia, Pantolestidae) in the Willwood Formation of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel H. Dunn ◽  
Kenneth D. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Powder River Basin ◽  
Ancestral Population ◽  
Bighorn Basin ◽  
New Material ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Willwood Formation

AbstractSpecies-level diversity and evolution of Palaeosinopa from the Willwood Formation of the Bighorn Basin is reassessed based on substantial new material from the Bighorn, Powder River, and Wind River basins. We recognize three species of Palaeosinopa in the Willwood Formation of the Bighorn Basin: P. lutreola, P. incerta, and P. veterrima. The late Wasatchian species P. didelphoides is not present in the Bighorn Basin. The Willwood species can be differentiated based only on size. P. veterrima is the most common and wide-ranging species and is the most variable in size and morphology: the stratigraphically lowest individuals are smaller, with narrower, more crestiform lower molars; whereas the highest are larger, with wider, more bunodont teeth. Although it could be argued that these represent distinct species, we demonstrate that this morphological evolution occurred as the gradual and mosaic accumulation of features, suggesting in situ anagenetic evolution. The two smaller species are present only low in the section (biochrons Wa0–Wa4) and show no discernable evolution in size or morphology. A new skeleton of Palaeosinopa veterrima from the Willwood Formation is described, and other new postcrania are reported. The skeleton is the oldest associated skeleton of Palaeosinopa known, yet it is remarkably similar to those of younger, more derived pantolestids, the primary disparities being minor differences in proportions of the innominate, femur, and tibia, and co-ossification of the distal tibia and fibula. Either P. incerta or P. lutreola was likely the ancestral population that gave rise to the other Wasatchian Palaeosinopa. Alternatively, P. veterrima may have migrated into the Bighorn Basin from the Powder River Basin.

scholarly journals A new small deinonychosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Patagônia, Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan D. Porfiri ◽  
Jorge O. Calvo ◽  
Domenica dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
South American ◽  
New Material ◽  
New Evidence

Here we report on a new small deinonychosaurian theropod, Pamparaptor micros gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous of Patagônia, Argentina. Pamparaptor micros exhibits a pedal structure previously unknown among South Américan deinonychosaurians. The new material provides new evidence about the morphology and taxonomic diversity of Patagônian deinonychosaurs. Pamparaptor is the smaller non-avialae Patagônian deinonychosaur, probably with about 0.50-0.70 meters, long. The pedal construction resembles, that of Troodontid or basal Dromaeosaurids. Nevertheless, up to now, we considered Pamparaptor a peculiar Patagônian Dromaeosaurid with troodontid-like pes.

scholarly journals The firstCaipirasuchus(Mesoeucrocodylia, Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Minas Gerais, Brazil: new insights on sphagesaurid anatomy and taxonomy

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín G. Martinelli ◽  
Thiago S. Marinho ◽  
Fabiano V. Iori ◽  
Luiz Carlos B. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Vertebrate Fauna ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
A New Species

Field work conducted by the staff of the Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas Llewellyn Ivor Price of the Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro since 2009 at Campina Verde municipality (MG) have resulted in the discovery of a diverse vertebrate fauna from the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Basin). The baurusuchidCampinasuchus diniziwas described in 2011 from Fazenda Três Antas site and after that, preliminary descriptions of a partial crocodyliform egg, abelisaurid teeth, and fish remains have been done. Recently, the fossil sample has been considerably increased including the discovery of several, partially articulated fish remains referred to Lepisosteiformes and an almost complete and articulated skeleton referred to a new species ofCaipirasuchus(Notosuchia, Sphagesauridae), which is the main subject of this contribution. At present, this genus was restricted to the Adamantina Formation cropping out in São Paulo state, with the speciesCaipirasuchus montealtensis,Caipirasuchus paulistanus, andCaipirasuchus stenognathus. The new material represents the holotype of a new species,Caipirasuchus mineirusn. sp., diferenciated from the previously ones due to the following traits: last two maxillary teeth located posterior to anterior edge of infraorbital fenestra, elongated lateroventral maxillo-jugal suture—about ½ the anteroposterior maxillar length—and contact between posterior crest of quadrate and posterior end of squamosal forming an almost 90° flaring roof of the squamosal, among others.C. mineiruswas found in the same outcrop thanCampinasuchusbut stratigraphically the former occurs in the lower portion of the section with no unambiguous data supporting the coexistance of both taxa.

scholarly journals Agro morphological characterization of cashew trees (Anacardium occidental L.), in improvement for the high yield and high quality of raw nuts in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3188-3199
Author(s):  
Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga ◽  
Larbouga Bourgou ◽  
Moussa Guira ◽  
Albert Rouamba
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
In Situ Collection

The cashew sector has taken a great economic interest, due to the strong global demand for raw nuts. However, in Burkina Faso, the productivity of orchards still remains low, a consequence of a lack of breeding program on the species. In order to increase yields and improve the quality of the raw nut, efficient clones must be developed. Surveys were carried out and a primary in situ collection was made from which a core collection of 15 trees was extracted. An agro-morphological description of the selected trees and an analysis of the structuration of the variability within them were carried out. The study revealed appreciable agro-morphological diversity through shape, size and color of apple, type of inflorescence, fruiting period and the health of trees. A structure of diversity based on agronomic criteria led to identify 5 groups of trees, characterized by an average weight of the nut between 6.64 and 8.32 g, a kernel rate between 28.10 and 31.26% and a yield per tree between 34.27 and 104.42 kg. Performing trees will be erected as heads of clones for the production of grafted plants. La filière anacarde a pris un grand intérêt économique, suite à la forte demande mondiale en noix brutes. Cependant, au Burkina Faso, la productivité des vergers demeure encore faible, conséquence d’une absence de sélection variétale du matériel végétal. En vue d’accroître les rendements et d’améliorer la qualité de la noix brute, une recherche de clones performants était indispensable. Des prospections ont été conduites et une collection primaire in situ a été constituée dont une core collection de 15 arbres a été extraite. Une description agro-morphologique des arbres sélectionnés et une analyse de la structuration de la variabilité en son sein ont été conduites. L’étude a révélé une diversité agro morphologique appréciable à travers la forme, le calibre et la couleur de la pomme, le type d’inflorescence, la période de fructification et l’état sanitaire des arbres. Une structuration de la diversité basée sur les critères agronomiques a permis d’identifier 5 groupes d’arbres, caractérisés par un poids moyen de la noix compris entre 6,64 et 8,32 g, un taux d’amande compris entre 28,10 et 31,26% et un rendement par arbre compris entre 34,27 et 104,42 kg. Les arbres les plus performants constitueront des têtes de clones pour la production de plants par greffage.

scholarly journals In situ filamentous communities from the Ediacaran (approx. 563 Ma) of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1942) ◽  
pp. 20202618
Author(s):  
Bruno Becker-Kerber ◽  
Gabriel Eduardo Baréa de Barros ◽  
Paulo Sergio Gomes Paim ◽  
Gustavo M. E. M. Prado ◽  
Ana Lucia Zucatti da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Redox Condition ◽  
Taxonomic Assignment ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Ecological Dynamics ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Biological Affinity

Precambrian filamentous microfossils are common and diverse. Nevertheless, their taxonomic assignment can be difficult owing to their overall simple shapes typically lacking in diagnostic features. Here, we report in situ communities of well-preserved, large filamentous impressions from the Ediacaran Itajaí Basin ( ca 563 Ma) of Brazil. The filaments are uniserial (unbranched) and can reach up to 200 µm in width and up to 44 mm in length. They occur as both densely packed or sparsely populated surfaces, and typically show a consistent orientation. Although simple in shape, their preferred orientation suggests they were tethered to the seafloor, and their overall flexibility (e.g. bent, folded and twisted) supports a biological (rather than sedimentary) affinity. Biometric comparisons with modern filamentous groups further support their biological affinity, suggesting links with either large sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) or eukaryotes. Other morphological and palaeoecological characteristics further corroborates their similarities with modern large filamentous SOB. Their widespread occurrence and association with complex Ediacaran macrobiota (e.g. frondose organisms, Palaeopascichnus ) suggest that they probably played an important role in the ecological dynamics of these early benthic communities by providing firm substrates for metazoans to inhabit. It is further hypothesized that the dynamic redox condition in the latest Ediacaran, with the non-continuous rise in oxygen concentration and periods of hypoxia, may have created ideal conditions for SOB to thrive.

Revised stratigraphy of the Mesozoic rocks of southern Cyprus

1980 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Swarbrick ◽  
A. H. F. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Southern Cyprus

SummaryRecent resurgence of interest in the Mesozoic rocks of SW and southern Cyprus necessitates redefinition of the Mesozoic sedimentary and igneous rocks in line with modern stratigraphical convention. Two fundamentally different rocks associations are present, the Troodos Complex, not redefined, a portion of late Cretaceous oceanic crust, and the Mamonia Complex, the tectonically dismembered remnants of a Mesozoic continental margin. Based on earlier work, the Mamonia Complex is divided into two groups, each subdivided into a number of subsidiary formations and members. The Ayios Photios Group is wholly sedimentary, and records the evolution of a late Triassic to Cretaceous inactive continental margin. The Dhiarizos Group represents Triassic alkalic volcanism and sedimentation adjacent to a continental margin. Several other formations not included in the two groups comprise sedimentary mélange and metamorphic rocks. The Troodos Complex possesses an in situ late Cretaceous sedimentary cover which includes two formations of ferromanganiferous pelagic sediments, radiolarites and volcaniclastic sandstones. The overlying Cainozoic calcareous units are not redefined here.

scholarly journals The debated question of asymmetrical rhynchonellids (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonellida): examples from the Late Cretaceous of Western Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Danièle Gaspard ◽  
Sylvain Charbonnier
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Material ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Se France ◽  
Sw France

Many Cretaceous asymmetrical rhynchonellid brachiopods (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonellida) have long been considered as Rhynchonella difformis (Valenciennes in Lamarck, 1819). After a revision, Owen (1962) included the Cenomanian specimens from Europe in Cyclothyris M’Coy, 1844. Later, Manceñido et al. (2002) confirmed this decision and critically mentioned the name of another asymmetrical rhynchonellid genus from Spain, Owenirhynchia Calzada in Calzada and Pocovi, 1980. Specimens with an asymmetrical anterior margin (non particularly ecophenotypical), from the Late Coniacian and the Santonian of Les Corbières (Aude, France) and Basse-Provence (SE France) are here compared to specimens of the original Cenomanian species C. difformis. They are also compared to new material from the Northern Castilian Platform (Coniacian-Santonian, N Spain) and to Rhynchonella globata Arnaud, 1877 (Campanian, Les Charentes, Dordogne, SW France) and Rh. vesicularis Coquand, 1860 (Campanian, Charente, SW France). These observations document the great morphological diversity among all these species and lead us to erect a new species: Cyclothyris grimargina nov. sp. from the type material of Arnaud, and two new genera: Contortithyris nov. gen. including Contortithyris thermae nov. sp., Beaussetithyris nov. gen. including Beaussetithyris asymmetrica nov. sp. All of these brachiopods fundamentally present an asymmetrical state which origin is discussed.

Morphology, anatomy, phylogenetics and distribution of fossil and extant Trochodendraceae in the Northern Hemisphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R Manchester ◽  
Zlatko Kvaček ◽  
Walter S Judd
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Modern Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fossil Fruit

Abstract We present the oldest known occurrences of crown-group Trochodendraceae based on new material from the Palaeocene of Wyoming, USA. Two genera are recognized, Trochodendron and Eotrochion gen. nov. The fossil fruit of Trochodendron infernense sp. nov. is represented by a pedicellate, apically dehiscent capsular fruit composed of nine follicle-like units, each bearing a persistent convex style. The basal part is ornamented with numerous raised stamen scars. From the same deposits, Eotrochion is represented by infructescences, fruits and associated leaves. The infructescences are racemes of numerous apically dehiscent capsules, each with c. 14–16 styles, each with an underlying nectary and receptacles lacking stamen scars, but possessing a prominent perianth scar. A phylogenetic assessment of the modern species, plus representatives of four extinct genera of fossil Trochodendraceae based on available morphological characters, yields a favoured topology of Trochodendron(Eotrochion(Concavistylon kvacekii(C. wehrii (Pentacentron, Tetracentron)))). A parsimony analysis of currently available characters indicates that C. wehrii renders Concavistylon non-monophyletic. Accordingly, we transfer it to Paraconcavistylon gen. nov., characterized by pendent, rather than erect infructescences. We also reconsider the extinct Nordenskioeldia (Late Cretaceous to Miocene), the prior placement of which in Trochodendraceae has been challenged, and we consider it to fall outside the crown group of the family.

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