Chemosynthetic bivalves of the family Solemyidae (Bivalvia, Protobranchia) in the Neogene of the Mediterranean Basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Taviani ◽  
Lorenzo Angeletti ◽  
Alessandro Ceregato
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
Eastern Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The Family ◽  
Juvenile Specimen ◽  
Cold Vent ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Sea Fan

The Mediterranean area is the locus of a variety of deep-sea chemosynthetic environments that have been exploited by bivalves of the family Solemyidae during Cenozoic to present time. Large solemyids represented by theSolemya doderleinigroup were widely distributed in Neogene deep-sea reducing habitats, including cold vent hydrocarbon sites. Based upon the diagnostic structure of the ligament,Solemya doderleini(Mayer), 1861 andS. subquadrata(Foresti), 1879 are moved to the genusAcharaxDall, 1908. After the Messinian Salinity CrisisAcharax doderleinire-colonized deep-sea sulphide environments up to the Pliocene at least. At present,Acharaxoccurs in similar settings in the adjacent eastern Atlantic Ocean. Thus far, large solemyids are not documented from the present deep Mediterranean Sea in spite of a vast number of seep and reducing habitats with chemosynthetic biota, especially concentrated in its Eastern basin. Promisingly, however, a single live juvenile specimen of Solemyidae has been recently found at bathyal depth associated with a pockmark in the Nile Deep Sea Fan.

Finding Melania

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Women's Roles ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean

Chapter 1 offers a survey of Melania’s life. Coerced into marriage by her parents, who wished for descendants to inherit the family fortune, she and her young husband, Valerius Pinianus (Pinian), produced two children. When both children died, she persuaded Pinian to join her in a life of ascetic renunciation. They, along with her widowed mother, Albina, abandoned Rome shortly before the Gothic invasion and traversed the Mediterranean area, founding monasteries in North Africa and Jerusalem. Toward the end of her life, she traveled from Jerusalem to Constantinople in the hope of converting her still-pagan uncle, who was on a mission to the eastern court. Returning to Jerusalem, she died in 439 CE. This chapter details the discovery and publication of two versions of her Life in the early twentieth century, along with conclusions regarding its authorship. It also notes other ancient textual sources concerning Melania; the genre of hagiography; women’s roles in early Christianity as martyrs, patrons, pilgrims, and ascetics; and education and literacy in late antiquity.

scholarly journals Report on scientific researches carried on during the months of August, September, and October, 1871, in H. M. Surveying-ship 'Shearwater'

1872 ◽  
Vol 20 (130-138) ◽  
pp. 535-644 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Mediterranean

As it was understood that the requirements of the Public Service would not permit the employment, during any part of the last year (1871), of either the ‘Porcupine’ or the ‘Lightning,’ for the continuation of the Deep-sea Researches carried on by my Colleagues and myself in the three preceding summers, it was not deemed advisable by us that the Council of the Royal Society should be moved to make any application to the Admiralty in furtherance of this object. Early in June, however, I was informed by the Hydrographer that as the Surveying-ship ‘Shearwater' under the command of Capt. Nares, was about to proceed to the Mediterranean, and would not be required to enter on her work until the end of October, an opportunity would present itself for making further researches on the Gibraltar Current, in which, if so disposed, I should have the advantage of being associated with Capt. Nares; whilst, if inclined to proceed as far as Egypt, I might have an opportunity of prosecuting in the Eastern basin of the Mediterranean some of the Physical and Biological researches which I had carried out last year in the Western.

scholarly journals An annotated checklist and bibliography of the Diaptomidae (Copepoda, Calanoida) of Italy, Corsica, and the Maltese islands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Alfonso ◽  
Fabio Stoch ◽  
Federico Marrone
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Maltese Islands ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Annotated Checklist

Calanoids of the family Diaptomidae are the most widespread copepods in the lentic inland waters of the Palearctic region. In Italy, studies on the family date back to the end of 19th century. Since then, several papers contributed to increasing the knowledge on their presence, distribution, and ecological preferences. Nevertheless, new records for the area and the discovery of putative new species stress that the current knowledge on these inland water crustaceans is still far from being exhaustive. This paper presents an updated and annotated checklist and bibliography of the Diaptomidae of the Italian peninsula and surrounding islands, including Corsica and the Maltese islands, compiled through a critical review of the existing literature and carrying out further field research. The doubtful records reported in the literature are discussed and clarified. The updated checklist includes 30 diaptomid species and subspecies; among them, an alien species and three putative new species pending formal description are reported. About 20% of the observed species are endemic or subendemic to the study area. The faunal provinces ascribed to the Mediterranean limnofaunistic region host the highest species richness and contribute to the checklist with rare species and unique occurrences. The high species richness observed in the Mediterranean area supports the hypothesis of a long-lasting persistence of an ancient and peculiar copepod fauna.

Spatial Distribution of Pre-Warm Front Rainfall in the Mediterranean Area

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Corradini ◽  
F. Melone
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Orographic Effects ◽  
Warm Front ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Convective Motions ◽  
Rainfall Type ◽  
The Mediterranean

Evidence is given of the distribution of pre-warm front rainfall at the meso-γ scale, together with a discussion of the main mechanisms producing this variability. An inland region in the Mediterranean area is considered. The selected rainfall type is commonly considered the most regular inasmuch as it is usually unaffected by extended convective motions. Despite this, within a storm a large variability in space was observed. For 90% of measurements, the typical deviations from the area-average total depth ranged from - 40 to 60 % and the storm ensemble-average rainfall rate over an hilly zone was 60 % greater than that in a contiguous low-land zone generally placed upwind. This variability is largely explained in terms of forced uplift of air mass over an envelope type orography. For a few storms smaller orographic effects were found in locations influenced by an orography with higher slopes and elevations. This feature is ascribed to the compact structure of these mountains which probably determines a deflection of air mass in the boundary layer. The importance of this type of analysis in the hydrological practice is also emphasized.

Warfare and Environment in the Ancient World

2013 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
J. Donald Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Near East ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Ancient Warfare ◽  
The Military

This chapter deals with ancient warfare and the environment. Hunting was often been considered as a form of warfare, and art frequently portrayed humans in battle with animals. Armed conflict had its direct influences on the environment. Along with damage to settled agriculture, warfare had affected other lands such as pastures, brush lands, and forests. It is noted that birds, pigs, bears, rodents, snakes, bees, wasps, scorpions, beetles, assassin bugs, and jellyfish have been employed as weaponized animals in ancient warfare, which, in the Mediterranean area and Near East, had vital environmental properties. The direct effects of battle have been shown by ancient historians, but just as important were the influences of the military-oriented organization of societies on the natural environment and resources.

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