scholarly journals Altitudinal distribution patterns of alpine plants: Studies along a coast–inland transect in southern Scandes, northern Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Rob Brooker
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution

scholarly journals Macrozoobenthos in an altitudinal gradient in North Patagonian Cautín River (Araucanía Region, Chile)

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Figueroa ◽  
P. De los Rios-Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Water Quality Indicators

Abstract The Cautín River is closely related with the economic development of Temuco city, (38°S; Chile). Existing knowledge of the Cautín River is limited to information about its biological characteristics as a reference for the evaluation and assessment of water quality. The object of this study was to develop taxonomic characterisation of the benthic macroinvertebrates along the main course of the Cautín River, and to study the community structure using correlation analysis between community parameters. To carry out this research, the macroinvertebrate community was studied in 10 sampling sites distributed along the main course of the river. The samples were taken in summer (1997 and 2000), when optimal hydrological conditions existed. Analysis of the samples showed that the benthic fauna was composed of 56 taxa, the dominant group being insects with 48 taxa. Three main sectors were recognised in the course of the Cautín River: high, middle and low. Each sector has restricted-distribution species, while other species are widely distributed along the river. These distribution patterns seem to be influenced by dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, altitudinal distribution and anthropo-cultural activity, present at every sampling site. Finally, this research provides a first approach to the biology of the Cautín River. Further studies could be planned on the basis of this knowledge to investigate water quality indicators based on macroinvertebrate communities.

The millipede genus Julus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4461 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDR EVSYUKOV ◽  
SERGEI GOLOVATCH ◽  
HANS S. REIP
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Republic

The genus Julus includes seven species already described from the Caucasus region: J. alexandrae Evsyukov, 2016; J. colchicus Lohmander, 1936; J. jedryczkowskii Golovatch, 1981; J. kubanus Verhoeff, 1921; J. lignaui Verhoeff, 1910; J. lindholmi Lohmander, 1936; and J. subalpinus Lohmander, 1936, as well as two new species: J. khostensis sp. n., from the Krasnodar Province, and, J. dagestanus sp. n., from the Republic of Dagestan, both in Russia. All nine species are described, illustrated and keyed, their morphological variations outlined, and distributions mapped, based on the literature data and abundant new samples. Altitudinal distribution patterns are also discussed. 

Differences in desiccation tolerance do not explain altitudinal distribution patterns of tropical bryophytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Y Bader ◽  
Theresa Reich ◽  
Sebastian Wagner ◽  
A Steve González González ◽  
Gerhard Zotz
Keyword(s):  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution

scholarly journals Changes of bat species composition over altitudinal gradients on northern and southern aspects of the Soutpansberg mountain range, South Africa

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina M. Weier ◽  
Valerie M.G. Linden ◽  
Ian Gaigher ◽  
Patrick J.C. White ◽  
Peter J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Linear Decline

AbstractIn order to gain insight into the pattern of bat species composition over altitude and the environmental variables driving the observed pattern, we compared data from moist southern and drier northern aspects of the Soutpansberg range in northern South Africa. Acoustical monitoring and additional capturing of bats was used for analysis of species distribution patterns and comparisons of community composition. Bat activity generally followed a linear decline with increasing altitude, possibly related to reproductive females preferring lower altitudes. Species richness followed a hump-shaped distribution on the northern aspect and across the transect, whereas a pattern of a linear decline was observed on the southern aspect. Our study strongly supports a previously published climate model for insectivorous bats which assumes that water availability linked with temperature determines the shape of altitudinal distribution in bat species. Step-wise selection from multiple regression models retained habitat type and/or measures of habitat structure in all final models, supporting several other studies in that vegetation correlated to altitude is a primary determinant of bat species distribution over altitude. This study also supports that the Soutpansberg is a biodiversity hotspot for bats and emphasises that conservation efforts should by no means ignore the lower altitudes.

scholarly journals A mountain of millipedes VI. New records, new species, a new genus and a general discussion of Odontopygidae from the Udzungwa Mts, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Enghoff
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Records ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution

Damacornu gen. nov. (type species: D. transversum gen. et sp. nov.), Geotypodon papei sp. nov. and Spinotarsus fortehamatus sp. nov. are described, and Helicochetus dimidiatus (Peters, 1855), H. mutaba Kraus, 1960 and Hoffmanides dissutus (Hoffman, 1963) are recorded from the Udzungwa Mts, Tanzania. A complete overview of the 39 odontopygid species now known from the Udzungwa Mts is given, including notes on endemism, biogeographical relationships and altitudinal distribution patterns.

Rapoport’s Rule and the effect of the last glaciation upon elevational range size: An analysis using a dung beetle model (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus) in Mexican tropical mountains

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110604
Author(s):  
Bert Kohlmann ◽  
Alfonsina Arriaga-Jiménez ◽  
Renato Portela Salomão
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Tropical Mountains ◽  
Altitudinal Range ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Rapoport’S Rule ◽  
Elevational Range

Several studies have tested the Elevational Rapoport Rule (ERR) in arthropods, especially in the Neotropical mountains. Nonetheless, different approaches should be used for a more nuanced comprehension of ERR patterns and assemblage altitudinal distribution patterns, such as the biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary contexts. This study aims to test the ERR for elevational gradients in Mexican mountains. For this study, dung beetle assemblages of the genus Onthophagus were used as a model organism, and their distribution was studied in several different mountain ranges of the Mexican tropics. Altitudinal distribution of Onthophagus species was analyzed, including ecological traits and biogeographical/phylogenetical contexts as covariables. The increase of altitude was positively correlated to the assemblage altitudinal range. Furthermore, altitudinal range, relative abundance, body size, and mountain’s topographic prominence were positively correlated to the mean altitudinal range of Onthophagus species. Nonetheless, different altitudinal relationships were observed, depending on the mountain. The results support the idea that species that inhabit higher altitudes appear to be more environmentally plastic and occur in wider altitudinal ranges than species from lower altitudes, thus supporting the ERR. The present findings stress that biogeographical, ecological, phylogenetical, and historical aspects, besides body size, are essential drivers of the altitudinal distribution of Onthophagus dung beetles.

scholarly journals Is the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa extinct in Taiwan, and could it be reintroduced? An assessment of prey and habitat

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Jen Chiang ◽  
Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei ◽  
Michael R. Vaughan ◽  
Ching-Feng Li ◽  
Mei-Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Prey Biomass ◽  
Neofelis Nebulosa ◽  
Human Encroachment

AbstractDuring 1997–2012 we conducted a nationwide camera-trapping survey and assessed the availability of prey and habitat for the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in Taiwan. We surveyed 1,249 camera-trap sites over 113,636 camera-trap days, from the seashore to an altitude of 3,796 m and covering various types of vegetation. No clouded leopards were photographed during 128,394 camera-trap days, including at 209 sites in other studies, confirming the presumed extinction of clouded leopards in Taiwan. Assessment of the prey base revealed altitudinal distribution patterns of prey species and prey biomass. Areas at lower altitudes and with less human encroachment and hunting supported a higher prey biomass and more of the typical prey species of clouded leopards. Habitat analysis revealed 8,523 km2 of suitable habitat but this was reduced to 6,734 km2 when adjacent areas of human encroachment were subtracted. In the absence of hunting and large mammalian carnivores the major prey of clouded leopards in Taiwan, such as Formosan macaques Macaca cyclopis, Reeves's muntjacs Muntiacus reevesi, Formosan serow Capricornis swinhoei and sambar Rusa unicolor, could become over-abundant. Thus, it is important to address the cascading effect of the disappearance of top-down predator control. Our assessment indicated that, with proper regulation of hunting, habitat restoration and corridor improvement, it may be possible to reintroduce the clouded leopard.

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