Acoustic Evidence of Hoary Bats (Lasiurus Cinereus) on Newfoundland, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Darrian P. Washinger ◽  
Raymond Reid ◽  
Erin E. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Hoary Bats

Flight muscle carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity varies with substrate chain length and unsaturation in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Price ◽  
L.P. McGuire ◽  
M.B. Fenton ◽  
C.G. Guglielmo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Substrate Preference ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Hoary Bats

Fat is an important fuel for bats to support high metabolic rates in extended periods of flight. The fatty acid composition of adipose stores could affect whole animal exercise performance, as fatty acids vary in rates of mobilization and oxidation. A key step in the fatty acid oxidation pathway is transporting fatty acids from the cytosol into mitochondria, mediated by the enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT). Therefore, understanding the substrate preference patterns of CPT in bats is important for interpreting the consequences of adipose fatty acid profiles. We measured CPT activity with eight different fatty acyl CoA substrates (16:0, 16:1ω7, 18:0, 18:1ω9, 18:2ω6, 18:3ω3, 20:4ω6, and 22:6ω3) in the pectoralis muscle of migrating and nonmigrating hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus (Beauvois, 1796)). The pattern of substrate preference was similar to the patterns previously reported for birds and rats and was not affected by migration. Generally, activity increased with the number of double bonds and was higher with 16 carbon fatty acids compared with 18 carbon fatty acids. Given the observed substrate variation in CPT activity, there is no evidence to suggest that recently reported seasonal changes in the adipose fatty acid composition of migrating hoary bats would lead to increased lipid oxidation rate, and may instead be a consequence of seasonal shifts in diet.

scholarly journals Inconspicuous echolocation in hoary bats ( Lasiurus cinereus )

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1878) ◽  
pp. 20180441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Corcoran ◽  
Theodore J. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Model Organisms ◽  
Mating Season ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Sound Energy ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Echolocation Calls ◽  
Call Type ◽  
Acoustic Modelling ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Hoary Bats

Echolocation allows bats to occupy diverse nocturnal niches. Bats almost always use echolocation, even when other sensory stimuli are available to guide navigation. Here, using arrays of calibrated infrared cameras and ultrasonic microphones, we demonstrate that hoary bats ( Lasiurus cinereus ) use previously unknown echolocation behaviours that challenge our current understanding of echolocation. We describe a novel call type (‘micro’ calls) that has three orders of magnitude less sound energy than other bat calls used in open habitats. We also document bats flying close to microphones (less than 3 m) without producing detectable echolocation calls. Acoustic modelling indicates that bats are not producing calls that exceed 70–75 dB at 0.1 m, a level that would have little or no known use for a bat flying in the open at speeds exceeding 7 m s −1 . This indicates that hoary bats sometimes fly without echolocation. We speculate that bats reduce echolocation output to avoid eavesdropping by conspecifics during the mating season. These findings might partly explain why tens of thousands of hoary bats are killed by wind turbines each year. They also challenge the long-standing assumption that bats—model organisms for sensory specialization—are reliant on sonar for nocturnal navigation.

scholarly journals Do you hear what I see? Vocalization relative to visual detection rates of Hawaiian hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus semotus )

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 6669-6679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo. Marcos Gorresen ◽  
Paul M. Cryan ◽  
Kristina Montoya-Aiona ◽  
Frank J. Bonaccorso
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus Semotus ◽  
Hoary Bats

Challenging hibernation limits of hoary bats: the southernmost record of Lasiurus cinereus hibernating in North America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Marín ◽  
Daniel Ramos-H ◽  
Daniela Cafaggi ◽  
Cárol Sierra-Durán ◽  
Alejandra Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Hoary Bats

scholarly journals Silence and reduced echolocation during flight are associated with social behaviors in male hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Corcoran ◽  
Theodore J. Weller ◽  
Annalise Hopkins ◽  
Yossi Yovel
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Reduced Forms ◽  
Hoary Bats

AbstractBats are renowned for their sophisticated echolocation. However, recent research has indicated that bats may be less reliant on echolocation than has long been assumed. To test the hypothesis that bats reduce their use of echolocation to avoid eavesdropping by conspecifics, we deployed miniature tags that recorded ultrasound and accelerations on 10 wild hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) for one or two nights. This resulted in 997 10-s recordings. Bats switched between periods predominated by their typical high-intensity echolocation, or periods predominated by micro calls (unusually short, quiet calls), or no detectable calls (“silence”). Periods of high-intensity echolocation included high rates of feeding buzzes, whereas periods of micro calls and silence included high rates of social interactions with other bats. Bats switched back to high-intensity echolocation during actual social interactions. These data support the hypothesis that bats use reduced forms of echolocation and fly in silence to avoid eavesdropping from conspecifics, perhaps in the context of mating-related behavior. They also provide the strongest demonstration to date that bats fly for extended periods of time without the use of echolocation.

scholarly journals Historical effective population size of North American hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) and challenges to estimating trends in contemporary effective breeding population size from archived samples

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11285
Author(s):  
Robert S. Cornman ◽  
Jennifer A. Fike ◽  
Sara J. Oyler-McCance ◽  
Paul M. Cryan
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
North American ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Data Filtering ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hoary Bats

Background Hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) are among the bat species most commonly killed by wind turbine strikes in the midwestern United States. The impact of this mortality on species census size is not understood, due in part to the difficulty of estimating population size for this highly migratory and elusive species. Genetic effective population size (Ne) could provide an index of changing census population size if other factors affecting Ne are stable. Methods We used the NeEstimator package to derive effective breeding population size (Nb) estimates for two temporally spaced cohorts: 93 hoary bats collected in 2009–2010 and an additional 93 collected in 2017–2018. We sequenced restriction-site associated polymorphisms and generated a de novo genome assembly to guide the removal of sex-linked and multi-copy loci, as well as identify physically linked markers. Results Analysis of the reference genome with psmc suggested at least a doubling of Ne in the last 100,000 years, likely exceeding Ne = 10,000 in the Holocene. Allele and genotype frequency analyses confirmed that the two cohorts were comparable, although some samples had unusually high or low observed heterozygosities. Additionally, the older cohort had lower mean coverage and greater variability in coverage, and batch effects of sampling locality were observed that were consistent with sample degradation. We therefore excluded samples with low coverage or outlier heterozygosity, as well as loci with sequence coverage far from the mode value, from the final data set. Prior to excluding these outliers, contemporary Nb estimates were significantly higher in the more recent cohort, but this finding was driven by high values for the 2018 sample year and low values for all other years. In the reduced data set, Nb did not differ significantly between cohorts. We found base substitutions to be strongly biased toward cytosine to thymine or the complement, and further partitioning loci by substitution type had a strong effect on Nb estimates. Minor allele frequency and base quality bias thresholds also had strong effects on Nb estimates. Instability of Nb with respect to common data filtering parameters and empirically identified factors prevented robust comparison of the two cohorts. Given that confidence intervals frequently included infinity as the stringency of data filtering increased, contemporary trends in Nb of North American hoary bats may not be tractable with the linkage disequilibrium method, at least using the protocol employed here.

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