scholarly journals Hypogeous, Sequestrate Fungi (Genus Elaphomyces) Found at Small-Mammal Foraging Sites in High-Elevation Conifer Forests of West Virginia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne A. Diggins ◽  
Michael A. Castellano ◽  
W. Mark Ford
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Conifer Forests ◽  
Sequestrate Fungi

scholarly journals Home range and habitat use of the Vulnerable Virginia northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus in the Central Appalachian Mountains, USA

Oryx ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Menzel ◽  
W. Mark Ford ◽  
John W. Edwards ◽  
Tamara M. Terry
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Glaucomys Sabrinus ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Flying Squirrel ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Northern Flying Squirrel

The Virginia northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus is a Vulnerable sciurid that has experienced a 90% reduction of suitable high elevation boreal montane forest habitat over the last century in the central Appalachians of West Virginia and Virginia, USA. Using radiotelemetry and GIS analyses we examined the species' home range size and habitat use in the Monongahela National Forest, Kumbrabow State Forest and the MeadWestvaco Ecosystem Research Forest in West Virginia during the summers of 2000–2003. The mean home range sizes of male and female squirrels were 54.2 and 15.3 ha, respectively, based on the adaptive kernel method. Euclidean distance analysis indicated the squirrels used spruce, mixed spruce-northern hardwood, and open habitats more than was available across the landscape. Selection of spruce and mixed spruce-northern hardwood habitats indicates that forest management activities designed to restore and increase these types in the central Appalachian landscape are required to conserve and increase this Vulnerable species.

scholarly journals Surface Fire to Crown Fire: Fire History in the Taos Valley Watersheds, New Mexico, USA

Fire ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Lane Johnson ◽  
Ellis Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Quaking Aspen ◽  
Conifer Forests ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Historical Photographs

Tree-ring fire scars, tree ages, historical photographs, and historical surveys indicate that, for centuries, fire played different ecological roles across gradients of elevation, forest, and fire regimes in the Taos Valley Watersheds. Historical fire regimes collapsed across the three watersheds by 1899, leaving all sites without fire for at least 119 years. Historical photographs and quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) ages indicate that a high-severity fire historically burned at multiple high-elevation subalpine plots in today’s Village of Taos Ski Valley, with large high-severity patches (>640 ha). Low-severity, frequent (9–29-year median interval) surface fires burned on the south aspects in nearby lower elevation dry conifer forests in all watersheds. Fires were associated with drought during the fire year. Widespread fires commonly burned synchronously in multiple watersheds during more severe drought years, preceded by wet years, including fire in all three watersheds in 1664, 1715, and 1842. In contrast, recent local “large” wildfires have only burned within single watersheds and may not be considered large in a historical context. Management to promote repeated low-severity fires and the associated open stand structures is within the historical range of variability in the dry conifer forests of these watersheds. In the high-elevation, subalpine forests, different management approaches are needed, which balance ecological and socioeconomic values while providing public safety.

Small Mammal Communities of High Elevation Central Appalachian Wetlands

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Francl ◽  
Steven B. Castleberry ◽  
W. Mark Ford
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

scholarly journals Understanding and Defining Mortality in Western Conifer Forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Filip ◽  
Craig L. Schmitt ◽  
Donald W. Scott ◽  
Stephen A. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Conifer Forests ◽  
Dead Tree ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Considerable Controversy

Abstract Tree mortality in western conifer forests is a complex process involving several related factors. Conifer mortality tends to be more common in high-elevation forests where stress from weather, insects, and disease result in higher rates of mortality and in the drier interior forests where mortality from fire, insects, and disease are common. Immediate mortality from fire damage may be obvious, but currently there is considerable controversy about labeling fire-injured green trees as dead that have a high probability of experiencing delayed mortality. Trees die when carbohydrates used in respiration exceed those produced in photosynthesis or water movement is impaired, the tree desiccates, and photosynthesis ceases. Immediate or delayed tree mortality may be directly due to biotic or abiotic causes and may be affected by previous damage, current condition (vigor), and attack by secondary agents such as bark beetles. A particular pathogen or insect usually attacks, damages, or kills only one portion of a tree. Trees that are damaged or attacked by pests and expected to have a dead or nonfunctional root system or a nonfunctional stem within 5 years may be considered either dead or death is imminent. Numerous studies have produced logistic regression equations or other statistical models to help determine probability of tree survival. We define and propose that a “dead tree” designation is justified for most species when at least three of the four quadrants from around the base of the root collar has cambium, inner bark, or phloem that are discolored and dead. For large ponderosa pines, a dead tree has all four quadrants with dead cambium.

Production of the Crayfish Cambarus Bartonii (Fabricius, 1798) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) in an Acidic Appalachian Stream (U.S.a.)

Crustaceana ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue A. Perry ◽  
Lisa T. Wolcott ◽  
Michael B. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Acidic Precipitation ◽  
Order Stream

AbstractThe growth rate and annual production of the crayfish Cambarus bartonii were estimated in Crouch Run, a 3rd-order stream that drains a high-elevation catchment in West Virginia and which has been acidified because of acidic precipitation. Production of C. bartonii in Crouch Run was 525.8 mg AFDW m-2 yr-1 and was less than that for C. bartonii in Upper Ball Creek, a high-elevation circumneutral stream in North Carolina (961.0 mg AFDW m-2 yr-1, Huryn & Wallace, 1987). This difference seemed to be related to differences in the biomass of C. bartonii between the streams, because the P/B ratio for C. bartonii in Crouch Run was 7.4 compared with 5.8 in Upper Ball Creek.

scholarly journals Elk herbivory alters small mammal assemblages in high-elevation drainages

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott W. R. Parsons ◽  
John L. Maron ◽  
Thomas E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Mammal Assemblages

Development and field testing of experimental seed mixtures for high elevation roadside locations in West Virginia

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Hopkinson ◽  
M. Poultney ◽  
G. Hilvers ◽  
F. Pritt ◽  
E. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Seed Mixtures

Effects of habitat on small-mammal diversity and abundance in West Virginia

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 814-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Osbourne ◽  
James T. Anderson ◽  
Amy B. Spurgeon
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Mammal Diversity
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