Swainson's Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii) in a Monoculture of Invasive Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Limnothlypis Swainsonii ◽  
Swainson's Warbler

Swainson's Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Anich ◽  
Thomas J. Benson ◽  
Jeremy D. Brown ◽  
Carolina Roa ◽  
James C. Bednarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limnothlypis Swainsonii ◽  
Swainson's Warbler

scholarly journals Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Evaluation of Polyurethane Microstructures for Transmembrane Delivery of Reynoutria japonica Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-654
Author(s):  
Florina Ardelean ◽  
Razvan Susan ◽  
Florin Borcan ◽  
Alina Moaca ◽  
Diana Simona Antal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
First Results ◽  
Polymer Microstructures ◽  
Transmembrane Delivery

Polymer microstructures containing plant extracts are a novel technique used to increase the bioavailability of active agents with low aqueous solubility. Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) is an invasive plant with multiple biomedical properties. The aim of the present study was to obtain and characterize polyurethane microstructures used as a drug delivery system of a Japanese knotweed extract. The results indicate the obtaining of microstructures with an almost neutral pH, with sizes between 540 and 1134 nm, with a medium stability against the tendency to form clusters and a very good thermal stability. These first results present the potential of the obtained polyurethane microstructures as candidates for the transmembrane drug delivery of Japanese knotweed extracts, as a starting point for further bioactivity investigations.

scholarly journals Factors Governing the Distribution of Swainson's Warbler Along a Hydrological Gradient in Great Dismal Swamp

The Auk ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-664
Author(s):  
Gary R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Giant Cane ◽  
Limnothlypis Swainsonii ◽  
Great Dismal Swamp ◽  
Dismal Swamp ◽  
Swainson's Warbler

AbstractDue to extensive clearing of bottomland forest in the southeastern United States, Swainson's Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii) is restricted in many drainages to seasonally inundated buffer zones bordering rivers and swamps. This migratory species is especially vulnerable to flooding because of its ground foraging ecology, but little is known about patterns of habitat occupancy at wetland ecotones. I investigated the physiognomic and floristic correlates of habitat use along a subtle hydrological gradient in the Great Dismal Swamp, southeastern Virginia. Hydrology is the driving force influencing vegetation and the distribution of Swainson's Warbler in that habitat. Foraging and singing stations of territorial males were significantly drier and more floristically diverse than unoccupied habitat. There was scant evidence that the distribution and abundance of particular plant species, including giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea), influenced habitat selection. Instead, Swainson's Warbler seems to evaluate potential territories on the basis of multiscale physiognomic, hydrological, and edaphic characteristics. Territories were characterized by extensive understory thickets (median = 36,220 small woody stems and cane culms per hectare; range, 14,000–81,400/ha), frequent greenbriar tangles, deep shade at ground level, and an abundance of leaf litter overlying moist organic soils. Those sites occurred most frequently in relatively well-drained tracts of broad-leaf forest that had suffered extensive canopy damage and windthrow. Data suggest a preference for early successional forest in the current landscape or disturbance gaps in primeval forest. Because territories in otherwise optimal habitat are abandoned when flooding extends into the breeding season, it is recommended that the water table be maintained at subsurface levels from late March through September in natural areas managed primarily for this species. Direct and indirect environmental factors that influence the breeding biology of the warbler are summarized in an envirogram.

Chemical composition of the leaves of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. and soil features in polluted areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oimahmad Rahmonov ◽  
Andrzej Czylok ◽  
Anna Orczewska ◽  
Leszek Majgier ◽  
Tomasz Parusel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Physical Features

AbstractThe study was conducted on six sites that are dominated by Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) and that vary in the level of industrialization and habitat transformation by humans. The aim of the research was to investigate the chemical-physical features of soil under a closed and dense canopy of R. japonica, the chemical composition of the R. japonica leaves, and to compare the content of certain elements in the soil-plant-soil system. The soil organic carbon (Corg) content varied from 1.38±0.004% to 8.2±0.047% and the maximum in leaves was 49.11±0.090%. The lowest levels of total nitrogen (Ntot) in soil were recorded on the heavily disturbed sites (till 0.227±0.021%). Soil pH varied greatly, ranging from acidic (pH=4.0) to neutral (pH=7.7). Heavy metal content differed significantly among the study sites. At all of the sites, both in the case of soil and plant leaves, Zn was a dominant element and its concentration ranged from 41.5 to 501.2 mg·kg−1 in soils and from 38.6 to 541.7 mg·kg−1 in leaves. Maximum accumulations of P (2103.3±15.3 mg·kg−1) and S (2571.7±17.6 mg·kg−1) were observed on the site that had been influenced by agricultural practices. The results obtained showed that R. japonica is able to accumulate high levels of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Regeneration and growth in crowns and rhizome fragments of Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) and desiccation as a potential control strategy

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11783
Author(s):  
Jacob W. Lawson ◽  
Mark Fennell ◽  
Mark W. Smith ◽  
Karen L. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
The North ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

Reynoutria japonica (Japanese knotweed) is a problematic invasive plant found in many areas of Europe and North America. Notably, in the UK, the species can cause issues with mortgage acquisition. Control of R. japonica is complicated by its ability to regenerate from small fragments of plant material; however, there remains uncertainty about how much (in terms of mass) rhizome is required for successful regeneration. This study investigated the ability of crowns and rhizomes with different numbers of nodes to regenerate successfully from three sites in the north of England, UK. Two of the sites had been subject to herbicide treatment for two years prior to sampling and the third site had no history of herbicide treatment. No significant differences were observed in regenerated stem diameter, maximum height of stem and maximum growth increments among crowns. All traits measured from the planted crowns were significantly greater than those of the planted rhizome fragments and at least one node was necessary for successful regeneration of rhizomes. The smallest initial fragment weight to regenerate and survive the experiment was 0.5 g. Subjecting all plant material to desiccation for 38 days resulted in no regrowth (emergence or regeneration) after replanting. These findings suggest that desiccation could be a valuable management strategy for small to medium scale infestations common in urban settings.

Gebietsfremde Staudenknöteriche im Schweizer Wald – Auswirkungen und Massnahmen

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Esther Gerber ◽  
Urs Schaffner
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Native Plant Species

Exotic knotweeds on Swiss forest sites: consequences and measures to take Natural areas in Switzerland are home to an increasing number of non-native plant species, so-called neophytes. Some are highly prolific, causing damage to the environment and the economy. Especially some species originally imported as ornamental plants have been accidentally introduced into forest habitats, where their spread has become increasingly problematic. Using the example of exotic knotweeds (Reynoutria spp., Syn Fallopia spp.), which are among the most aggressive neophytes in Europe, we outline potential consequences of alien plant invasions in forests and give management recommendations to mitigate their negative effects on native ecosystems. Management options discussed include mechanical, chemical and biological methods of control. In regard to the latter, Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) is of particular interest as there is an ongoing classical biological control project against this species in Great Britain.

Joseph LeConte and the discovery of the nest of Swainson's Warbler [Limnothlypis swainsonii): a reconsideration

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARY R. GRAVES ◽  
MARCUS B. SIMPSON ◽  
LESTER D. STEPHENS
Keyword(s):  
Limnothlypis Swainsonii ◽  
Swainson's Warbler

Swainson's Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii)

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond E. Brown ◽  
J. G. Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Limnothlypis Swainsonii ◽  
Swainson's Warbler
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