Calyxocephalus karyopera g. nov., sp. nov. (Eugregarinorida: Actinocephalidae: Actinocephalinae) from the Ebony Jewelwing Damselfly Calopteryx maculata (Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) in Southeast Nebraska, U.S.A.: Implications for Mechanical Prey–Vector Stabilization of Exogenous Gregarine Development

10.1654/4147 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Clopton
Keyword(s):  
Calopteryx Maculata

Reproductive Behavior and Its Relation To Territoriality in Cal Op Ter Yx Ma Cula Ta (Beauvois) (Odonata: Calopterygidae)

Behaviour ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 240-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Waage
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Pair Formation ◽  
Territorial Behavior ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Interspecific Variations ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractPair-forming, courtship, mating, and post-copulatory behaviors are described for populations of Calopteryx maculata in the central and northeastern United States. Two pair forming displays were noted: (1) a display of the male's wings and abdomen (the cross display) at an oviposition site in his territory to an approaching female; and (2) a hovering courtship flight before a perching female. Similar displays are performed by C. aequabilis, C. splendens, and C. virgo, although intra- and interspecific variations occur in the cross display and its position in the pair-forming sequence. Both displays present the species and sex-specific color patterns of the male's wings and abdomen to the female early in pair formation. Pair formation differs in the three types of male-female encounters observed: (1) female flies into the male's territory; (2) male discovers an ovipositing female; and (3) male discovers a female on shore. The first type involves only territorial males and is the only one in which the cross display is performed. The other encounters involve both territorial and nonterritorial males. Courtship flight is present in the pair-forming sequences of all three encounter types. The cross display identifies a particular male with an oviposition site in his territory. This makes it possible for females to choose among males on the basis of the suitability of these oviposition sites. Females mating with territorial males benefit from reduced interference from other males during oviposition. The selective advantages of territoriality for a Calopteryx male are: (1) an increase in his mating frequency by the exclusive occupation of an oviposition area attractive to females ; and (2) an increase in the number of eggs he fertilizes by protecting mated females during their oviposition. It is likely that territorial behavior in Calopteryx functions primarily in obtaining and selecting mates and secondarily in reducing interference with pair formation and oviposition. Sexual selection among males for attracting mates and lessening sperm competition may have been an important factor in the evolution of territorial behavior in Calopteryx.

The influence of oviposition resources on the dispersion and behaviour of calopterygid damselflies

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Meek ◽  
Thomas B. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Time Budgets ◽  
Male Aggression ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata

We manipulated the size of oviposition patches to test two hypotheses: (i) in Calopteryx species males position themselves at patches where they have the greatest probability of finding females, and (ii) females are more strongly attracted to patches with the most oviposition resources. More females were attracted to large patches in all three species studied. In Calopteryx amata and Calopteryx maculata single males maintained territories at small patches and several males concurrently occupied and patrolled large patches. Calopteryx maculata males divided the large patches into small, individual territories, whereas C. amata males at large patches were unable to maintain exclusive areas. There were single territorial Calopteryx aequabilis males at both large and small patches. Time budgets of individual males were affected by the size of the oviposition patch most strongly in C. amata, where at large patches males engaged in aggression, patrolling, and courtship more frequently and for longer than at small patches. Calopteryx maculata males courted more frequently at large patches, but patrolling and male–male aggression were unaffected. Time budgets of C. aequabilis were virtually unaffected by the size of the oviposition patch. The frequency of mating by individual males did not differ between patch sizes for any of the three species. Dispersion and behaviour of damselflies of Calopteryx species are modified by the size and availability of oviposition resources.

scholarly journals Continental variation in wing pigmentation in Calopteryx damselflies is related to the presence of heterospecifics

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hassall
Keyword(s):  
Character Displacement ◽  
Step Change ◽  
Strong Variation ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wing Pigmentation ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata ◽  
Discrete Populations

Wing pigmentation in Calopteryx damselflies, caused by the deposition of melanin, is energetically expensive to produce and enhances predation risk. However, patterns of melanisation are used in species identification, greater pigmentation is an accurate signal of male immune function in at least some species, and there may be a role for pigment in thermoregulation. This study tested two potential hypotheses to explain the presence of, and variation in, this pigmentation based on these three potential benefits using 907 male specimens of Calopteryx maculata collected from 49 sites (34 discrete populations) across the geographical range of the species in North America: (i) pigmentation varies with the presence of the closely related species, Calopteryx aequabilis, and (ii) pigment increases at higher latitudes as would be expected if it enhances thermoregulatory capacity. No gradual latitudinal pattern was observed, as might be expected if pigmentation was involved in thermoregulation. However, strong variation was observed between populations that were sympatric or allopatric with C. aequabilis. This variation was characterised by dark wings through allopatry in the south of the range and then a step change to much lighter wings at the southern border of sympatry. Pigmentation then increased further north into the sympatric zone, finally returning to allopatry levels at the northern range margin. These patterns are qualitatively similar to variation in pigmentation in C. aequabilis, meaning that the data are consistent with what would be expected from convergent character displacement. Overall, the results corroborate recent research that has suggested sexual selection as a primary driver behind the evolution of wing pigmentation in this group.

Colour, fat and social status in male damselflies, Calopteryx maculata

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Marie Fitzstephens ◽  
Thomas Getty
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata

Directional and fluctuating asymmetry in the black-winged damselfly Calopteryx maculata (Beauvois) (Odonata: Calopterygidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1740-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Pither ◽  
Philip D Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata

Directional asymmetry (DA) has received considerably less attention than fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in the literature. Evidence for DA, however, is building among insect taxa. We examined asymmetries in two wing traits within both sexes of the damselfly Calopteryx maculata (Beauvois) (Odonata: Calopterygidae) sampled from three sites in southeastern Ontario. After accounting for measurement error, we show that proximal segments within right fore and hind wings are consistently longer than those in the left in all but one sample group. Full wing lengths, however, exhibited FA rather than DA. Mean asymmetry values for both traits (segment and length) occurred in the direction of right-wingedness significantly more often than expected by chance. Patterns of asymmetry were generally consistent among the sexes and sites, although males tended to exhibit more pronounced DA. We suggest that the wings of C. maculata may undergo compensatory development, so that full lengths are more bilaterally symmetrical than their component parts.

Mating Behaviour and Its Relationship To Territoriality in Platycypha Caligata (Selys) (Odonata: Chlorocyphidae)

Behaviour ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Female Choice ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Central Sequence ◽  
Successful Mating ◽  
Calopteryx Maculata ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractThe damselfly Platycypha caligata has males with abdomens coloured blue dorsally, and laterally expanded tibiae coloured white anteriorly and red posteriorly. The females are cryptically brown coloured. The males are strongly territorial and centre their territories around potential oviposition sites (driftwood or treeroots in the water). Territorial interactions involve a complex, hierarchical series of flights which include flash displays of the white and red surfaces of the tibiae. Most successful mating interactions followed a central sequence: (1) a male intercepts a female passing through his territory, (2) by displaying his blue abdomen behind him he attracts her to his oviposition site, (3) she lands and makes probing oviposition movements on it, apparently testing its suitability for oviposition (possibly on the basis of softness), while he courts her by displaying his white tibiae while hovering around her, (4) if she accepts the site she flies up slowly, perches, and they copulate, whereafter he returns her in tandem to the site to oviposit. Females apparently rejecting the site decamped rapidly. Sometimes males courting already ovipositing females were successful. All other interactions, especially those away from oviposition sites were unsuccessful (only 104 of 564 observed interactions led to copulation). This mating behaviour is compared with that of other Odonata, and especially Calopteryx maculata. It is speculated that the evolution of this female choice of oviposition site prior to mating and the elaborate male courtship resulted from male territorial defence of the only available suitable oviposition sites. The adaptation of Platycypha caligata to oviposition on driftwood and treeroots (the discreet, scarce, defendable sites invoked as the first step in this theory) may have been associated with their occupation of mountain streams which have no emergent vegetation.

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