scholarly journals Polymerase Chain Reaction and GyrA Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of Wolbachia Endosymbionts (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in Various Species of Culicidae, Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) and Dirofilaria immitis (Rhabditida: Onchocercidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Bess ◽  
Vincent Centonze ◽  
Cody Rawls ◽  
Andrew White ◽  
David Wingfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Cimex Lectularius ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Poxvirus infection in Hungarian great tits ( Parus major ): Case report

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Palade ◽  
Nóra Biró ◽  
Mihály Dobos-Kovács ◽  
Zoltán Demeter ◽  
Míra Mándoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Polymerase Chain

From a total of 1819 great tits ( Parus major ) ringed in 2007 in Pilis Mountains, Hungary, 15 birds presented nodular proliferative lesions on different areas of the head and eyelids, suggesting a poxvirus infection. Three birds were submitted for analysis. The presence of avipoxvirus infection was confirmed by histopathology, electron microscopy (EM) and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based technique. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 428 base pairs (bp) fragment of the viral 4b core protein gene revealed 100% identity between two of the Hungarian isolates (PM9 HUN, PM33 HUN) and two great tit poxvirus strains isolated in Norway in 1973 (GTV A256, GTV A311). The third Hungarian isolate (PM34 HUN) was more closely related to a different Norwegian isolate (GTVA310) than to the Hungarian isolates. The nucleotide sequence analysis of a shorter fragment of the viral 4b core protein (227 bp) gene revealed 100% identity between the Hungarian isolates, the same Norwegian isolates and a great tit poxvirus strain detected in Austria in 2007.

Phylogenetic affiliation of ancient and contemporary humans inferred from mitochondrial DNA

1991 ◽  
Vol 333 (1268) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Nucleotide sequence analysis of the major non-coding region of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from three major races was extended with data from 27 contemporary Mongoloids (20 from southeast Asia, seven from America) and 11 Ancient Japanese bones (five from Jomon Age; 3000—6000 years b p , six from the early modern Ainu; 200-300 years BP). In both cases, the sequence was determined directly from the polymerase chain reaction products. Based on a comparison of the 482 base pair sequences from a total of 128 contemporary humans, the nucleotide diversity is estimated to be 1.46%, which is three times higher than the corresponding value estimated from restriction-enzyme analysis of the whole mtDNA genome. The phylogenetic tree revealed that all lineages are classified into at least five clusters designated as Cl — C5. Cl consists exclusively of Africans, and most Asians and Europeans formed C2, C3, C5 and C4, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that part of the Asians, including the Japanese, subsequently diverged from the majority of Africans, and that Asians can therefore be separated into two distinct groups. Native Americans, however, appeared only in C3 and C5, suggesting that the size of the founder population was not so large during the peopling of America. Nucleotide sequences derived from ancient bones in a highly polymorphic region were also compared with those of contemporary humans. The nucleotide diversity among the 139 sequences in the region was estimated to be 2.26%. A group of ancient Japanese, including both Jomon peoples and the Ainu, showed a close phylogenetic affiliation with one group of contemporary Japanese and southeast Asians. Moreover, all of the ancient Japanese were clearly placed in a larger cluster, indicating their genealogical difference from another group of contemporary Japanese. This observation supports the immigration theory, which postulates that immigrants from the Asian continent made a considerable contribution to the formation of modern Japanese. Finally, the presence of an Asian-specific deletion was examined by using polymerase chain reaction analysis of native American samples. The deletion was found in one mummy sample. This, together with the present sequence analysis and published information, clearly shows that the Circum-Pacifican populations (Asians, Oceanians and native Americans) can be separated into two distinct mitochondrial lineages.

scholarly journals New record of species Monascus purpureus in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Ghasaq Albrqawy ◽  
A.S.Saadon
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Nitrogen Bases ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis ◽  
Dna Pcr

This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Fungus in the Department of Biology / College of Science / University of Qadisiyah to isolate and diagnose some insulation from fungi isolated from imported dried fruits (raisins) in Qadisiyah province, Iraq. The isolations were diagnosed both morphologically and microscopically using the classification keys and to confirm the appearance and microscopic diagnosis diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR), And determine the sequence of nitrogen bases (Nucleotide sequence(of compound DNA products using ITS1 and ITS4. The results of the nucleotide sequence analysis of DNA (PCR product) compounding innate isolation and using BLAST to compare with data available at the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) have shown that this isolation belongs to the type Monascus purpureus. By comparing the sequence of nitrogen bases of isolated M. purpureus fungus in this study, it was found that there was a 100% similarity to many of the M. purpureus fungus isolates previously registered at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), including those diagnosed in China (MT361825, MK359689, MW581230) and Japan (AB477248).

Norwalk-like Virus Sequences Detected by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction in Mineral Waters Imported into or Bottled in Switzerland

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN BEURET ◽  
DOROTHE KOHLER ◽  
THOMAS LÜTHI
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) is a genus belonging to the Caliciviridae. NLVs are transmitted by the fecal-oral and the aerosol route and are the most common cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. NLVs are responsible for an estimated 67% of all illnesses caused by known foodborne pathogens and for 96% of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in the United States. Many outbreaks could be associated with the consumption of primarily or secondarily contaminated foods. To our knowledge, no epidemic arising from contaminated mineral water has been reported. We investigated the presence of NLV sequences in 63 mineral waters of 29 different brands that were imported into or bottled in Switzerland. NLV sequences were detected in 21 mineral waters by reverse transcription-seminested polymerase chain reaction. Specimens of two NLV genogroups (gg), gg I and gg II, were randomly present in the contaminated samples. The presence of NLV sequences could not be correlated either with bottle characteristics or with chemical properties like mineralization, pH, or the presence of carbonic acid. Nucleotide sequence analysis of 12 NLV-positive samples revealed several point mutations. All isolated NLV gg I strains have a similarity of 70 to 87% with the common Desert Shield virus (UO4469), and all isolated NLV gg II strains have a similarity of 89 to 93% with the Camberwell virus (U46500). Possible reasons for the presence of NLV sequences in mineral waters are discussed.

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