scholarly journals Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Glutathione S-Transferases inBactrocera minax(Diptera: Tephritidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Er-Hu Chen ◽  
Wei Dou ◽  
Fei Hu ◽  
Song Tang ◽  
Zhi-Mo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

Antibiotics as Inhibitor of Glutathione S-transferase: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Structure Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Ayna ◽  
Luqman Khosnaw ◽  
Yusuf Temel ◽  
Mehmet Ciftci
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Scopolamine Butylbromide ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases ◽  
Concentration Graphs ◽  
Compound Concentration

Background: The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are family of enzymes that are notable for their role in phase II detoxification reactions. Antibiotics have been reported to have several adverse effects on the activity of the enzymes in mammals. Aim: The aim of this study was structural and biochemical characterization of rat erythrocyte GST and understanding the effects of gentamicin, clindamycin, cefazolin, ampicillin and scopolamine butylbromide on the activity of human erythrocyte GST using rat as a model. Methods: The enzyme was purified by GSH-agarose affinity chromatography. In vitro GST enzyme activity was measured at 25°C using CDNB as a model substrate. IC50 of drugs were measured by activity %–vs compound concentration graphs. Lineweaver–Burk graphs were drawn to determine the inhibition type and Ki constants for the drugs. The structure of the enzyme was predicted via Protein Homology/analogY Recognition Engine. Results: In this study, GST was purified from rat erythrocyte with a specific activity of 6.3 EU/mg protein, 44 % yield and 115 fold. Gentamicin and clindamycin inhibited the enzymatic activity with IC50 of 1.69 and 6.9 mM and Ki of 1.70 and 2.36 mM, respectively. Ampicillin and scopolamine butylbromide were activator of the enzyme while the activity of the enzyme was insensitive to cefazolin. The enzyme was further characterized by homology modeling and sequence alignment revealing similarities with human GST. Conclusion: Collectively, it could be concluded that gentamicin and clindamycin are the inhibitors of erythrocyte GST.

scholarly journals Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of one Epsilon-class (GST-3) and ten Delta-class (GST-1) glutathione S-transferases from Drosophila melanogaster, and identification of additional nine members of the Epsilon class

2003 ◽  
Vol 370 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał SAWICKI ◽  
Sharda P. SINGH ◽  
Ashis K. MONDAL ◽  
Helen BENEŠ ◽  
Piotr ZIMNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Existence And Multiplicity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases ◽  
Peroxidation Product ◽  
Regulatory Functions

From the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, ten members of the cluster of Delta-class glutathione S-transferases (GSTs; formerly denoted as Class I GSTs) and one member of the Epsilon-class cluster (formerly GST-3) have been cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, and their catalytic properties have been determined. In addition, nine more members of the Epsilon cluster have been identified through bioinformatic analysis but not further characterized. Of the 11 expressed enzymes, seven accepted the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal as substrate, and nine were active in glutathione conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Since the enzymically active proteins included the gene products of DmGSTD3 and DmGSTD7 which were previously deemed to be pseudogenes, we investigated them further and determined that both genes are transcribed in Drosophila. Thus our present results indicate that DmGSTD3 and DmGSTD7 are probably functional genes. The existence and multiplicity of insect GSTs capable of conjugating 4-hydroxynonenal, in some cases with catalytic efficiencies approaching those of mammalian GSTs highly specialized for this function, indicates that metabolism of products of lipid peroxidation is a highly conserved biochemical pathway with probable detoxification as well as regulatory functions.

Plant Pathology Diagnosed by X-Ray Microanalysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 974-975
Author(s):  
J. H. Resau ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
S. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
X Ray

Spinach grown in Texas developed “yellow spotting” on the peripheral portions of the leaves. The exact cause of the discoloration could not be determined as there was no evidence of viral or parasitic infestation of the plants and biochemical characterization of the plants did not indicate any significant differences between the yellow and green leaf portions of the spinach. The present study was undertaken using electron microscopy (EM) to determine if a micro-nutrient deficiency was the cause for the discoloration.Green leaf spinach was collected from the field and sent by express mail to the EM laboratory. The yellow and equivalent green portions of the leaves were isolated and dried in a Denton evaporator at 10-5 Torr for 24 hrs. The leaf specimens were then examined using a JEOL 100 CX analytical microscope. TEM specimens were prepared according to the methods of Trump et al.

Interaction effect of rootstocks on gas exchange parameters, biochemical changes and nutrientstatus in Sauvignon Blanc winegrapes

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
R. G. Somkuwar ◽  
M. A. Bhange ◽  
A. K. Upadhyay ◽  
S. D. Ramteke
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Salt Creek ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

SauvignonBlanc wine grape was characterized for their various morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters grafted on different rootstocks. Significant differences were recorded for all the parameters studied. The studies on vegetative parameters revealed that the rootstock influences the vegetative growth thereby increasing the photosynthetic activities of a vine. The highest photosynthesis rate was recorded in 140-Ru grafted vine followed by Fercal whereas the lowest in Salt Creek rootstock grafted vines.The rootstock influenced the changes in biochemical constituents in the grafted vine thereby helping the plant to store enough food material. Significant differences were recorded for total carbohydrates, proteins, total phenols and reducing sugar. The vines grafted on1103-Pshowed highest carbohydrates and starch followed by 140-Ru,while the least amount of carbohydrates were recorded in 110-R and Salt Creek grafted vines respectively.Among the different rootstock graft combinations, Fercal showed highest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols, followed by 1103-P and SO4, however, the lowest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols were recorded with 110-R grafted vines.The vines grafted on different rootstocks showed changes in nutrient uptake. Considering this, the physico-biochemical characterization of grafted vine may help to identify particularrootstocks combination that could influence a desired trait in commercial wine grape varieties after grafting.

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