Lateral Body Wall Herniation Involving the Oviduct in Two Psittacine Birds

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailey Anderson ◽  
João Brandão ◽  
Christoph Mans
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Lateral Body

scholarly journals Histologic Examination of a Sea Pig (Scotoplanes sp.) Using Bright Field Light Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Elise E. B. LaDouceur ◽  
Linda A. Kuhnz ◽  
Christina Biggs ◽  
Alicia Bitondo ◽  
Megan Olhasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Monterey Bay ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rete Mirabile ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Bright Field Microscopy ◽  
Microscopic Findings ◽  
Tube Feet

Sea pigs (Scotoplanes spp.) are deep-sea dwelling sea cucumbers of the phylum Echinodermata, class Holothuroidea, and order Elasipodida. Few reports are available on the microscopic anatomy of these deep-sea animals. This study describes the histologic findings of two, wild, male and female Scotoplanes sp. collected from Monterey Bay, California. Microscopic findings were similar to other holothuroids, with a few notable exceptions. Sea pigs were bilaterally symmetrical with six pairs of greatly enlarged tube feet arising from the lateral body wall and oriented ventrally for walking. Neither a rete mirabile nor respiratory tree was identified, and the large tube feet may function in respiration. Dorsal papillae protrude from the bivium and are histologically similar to tube feet with a large, muscular water vascular canal in the center. There were 10 buccal tentacles, the epidermis of which was highly folded. Only a single gonad was present in each animal; both male and female had histologic evidence of active gametogenesis. In the male, a presumed protozoal cyst was identified in the aboral intestinal mucosa, and was histologically similar to previous reports of coccidians. This work provides control histology for future investigations of sea pigs and related animals using bright field microscopy.

Mouse Pitx2 deficiency leads to anomalies of the ventral body wall, heart, extra- and periocular mesoderm and right pulmonary isomerism

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (24) ◽  
pp. 5749-5758 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kitamura ◽  
H. Miura ◽  
S. Miyagawa-Tomita ◽  
M. Yanazawa ◽  
Y. Katoh-Fukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Lacz Gene ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Asymmetrical Pattern ◽  
Ocular System ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Pitx2 Expression

Pitx2, a bicoid-related homeobox gene, is involved in Rieger's syndrome and the left-right (L-R) asymmetrical pattern formation in body plan. In order to define the genomic structure and roles of Pitx2, we analyzed the genomic structure and generated Pitx2-deficient mice with the lacZ gene in the homeobox-containing exon of Pitx2. We were able to show that among three isoforms of Pitx2, Pitx2c shows asymmetrical expression whereas Pitx2a, Pitx2b and Pitx2c show symmetrical expression. In Pitx2(−)(/)(−) embryos there was an increase in mesodermal cells in the distal end of the left lateral body wall and an amnion continuous with the lateral body wall thickened in its mesodermal layer. These changes resulted in a failure of ventral body wall closure. In lung and heart in which Pitx2 is expressed asymmetrically, right pulmonary isomerism, atrioventricular canals with prominent swelling, and juxtaposition of the atrium were detected. The hearts failed to develop tricuspid and mitral valves and a common atrioventricular valve forms. Further, dysgenesis of the Pitx2(−)(/)(−) extraocular muscle and thickening of the mesothelial layer of cornea were observed in the ocular system where Pitx2 is expressed symmetrically, and these resulted in enophthalmos. The present study shows that Pitx2 expressed in various sites participates in morphogenesis through three types of actions: the involvement of asymmetric Pitx2 expression in the entire morphogenetic process of L-R asymmetric organs; the involvement of asymmetric Pitx2 expression in the regional morphogenesis of asymmetric organs; and finally the involvement of symmetric Pitx2 expression in the regional morphogenesis of symmetric organs.

The lung-eardrum pathway in three treefrog and four dendrobatid frog species: some properties of sound transmission.

1994 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Ehret ◽  
E Keilwerth ◽  
T Kamada
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Frequency Components

Frequency-response curves of the tympanum and lateral body wall (lung area) were measured by laser Doppler vibrometry in three treefrog (Smilisca baudini, Hyla cinerea, Osteopilus septentrionalis) and four dendrobatid frog (Dendrobates tinctorius, D. histrionicus, Epipedobates tricolor, E. azureiventris) species. The high-frequency cut-off of the body wall response was always lower than that of the tympanum. The best response frequencies of the lateral body wall were lower than those of the tympanum in some species (S. baudini, O. septentrionalis, D. tinctorius), while in the others they were rather similar. Best tympanic frequencies and best body wall response frequencies tended to differ more with increasing body size. Stimulation of the tympanum by sound transfer through 3.14 mm2 areas of the lateral body wall showed that the lung-eardrum pathway can be in two states, depending on breathing activity within the lungs: 44% (in Smilisca), 39% (in Hyla) and 31% (in Osteopilus) of the eardrum vibrations were 2.5-8 times (8-18 dB) larger when the frogs were breathing with the lungs compared with non-breathing conditions. The vibration amplitudes of the tympanum and lateral body wall of the treefrogs followed the same dependence on sound intensity, only absolute amplitudes differed between species. Our results suggest that the lung-eardrum pathway attenuates high-frequency components of species-specific calls and enhances low-frequency components. In addition, an amplitude modulation is imposed on the low frequencies during the rhythm of breathing.

The Male of Ixodes soricis Gregson (Acarina: Ixodidae)

1952 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Gregson ◽  
G. M. Kohls
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Junior Author

The male of Ixodes soricis Gregson was discovered at Silver Creek, British Columbia, in 1948 (Gregson, 1949). The tick was found with its hypostome fully inserted into the lateral body wall of a partially engorged female of the same species. It was not described because the specimen in situ represented an interesting example of either accidental parasitism (Anastos, 1948), or more likely an unsuccessful attempt at copulation, since it is questionable whether the males, like those of some other species of Ixodes, ever feed. The recent discovery, however, by the junior author, of another specimen, in a collection of ticks from a shrew taken at Seattle, Washington, permits the following description of the male of this species.

scholarly journals Acinetobacter baumanniiin Localised Cutaneous Mycobacteriosis in Falcons

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Gabriele Muller ◽  
Ancy Rajeev George ◽  
Julia Walochnik
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Wall Region ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Foreign Dna

Between May 2007 and April 2009, 29 falcons with identically localized, yellowish discolored cutaneous lesions in the thigh and lateral body wall region were presented at Abu Dhabi Falcon Hospital. Out of 18 falcons integrated in this study, 16 tested positive toMycobacterium. aviumcomplex. The 2 negative falcons tested positive in theMycobacteriumgenus PCR. Moreover, 1 falcon tested positive toM. avium. paratuberculosisin tissue samples by PCR. In all cases, blood and fecal samples tested negative. In the acid-fast stain, all samples showed the for mycobacteriosis typical rods. Moreover, in 13 samplesAcinetobacter baumanniiwas detected by PCR and proven by DNA sequencing. Clinical features included highly elevated WBCs, heterophilia, lymphocytopenia, monocytosis, severe anemia and weight loss.A. baumannii, a gram-negative bacillus with the ability to integrate foreign DNA, has emerged as one of the major multidrug resistant bacteria. In veterinary medicine, it has so far been detected in dogs, cats, horses and wild birds. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of anA. baumanniiinfection in falcons and of a veterinaryMycobacterium-Acinetobactercoinfection.

Callogorgia lucaya sp. nov., a new species of deep-sea Primnoidae (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the western Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4441 (3) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
RALF T. S. CORDEIRO ◽  
FREDERICK M. BAYER ◽  
STEPHEN D. CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Straits Of Florida ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
A New Species

As part of an ongoing reassessment of the genus Callogorgia, we describe C. lucaya sp. nov. from the western Atlantic, with a distribution so far restricted to the Straits of Florida and northern Caribbean. The species was partially described in an unfinished manuscript of Dr. Frederick Bayer and differs from all other western Atlantic species by commonly lacking outer-lateral body wall scales, having a small number of abaxials, and having body wall sclerites that are externally almost smooth. (Species Zoobank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF8F92FC-8F8A-4A8C-AF4A-52E12B58F7B1) 

The Structure and Mode of Functioning of the Reproductive Organs of Tritonia hombergi (Gastropoda Opisthobranchia)

1961 ◽  
Vol s3-102 (57) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
T. E. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Annual Life Cycle ◽  
Albumen Gland ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Mucus Gland ◽  
Collecting Tubules ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

Routine observations on Tritonia hombergi Cuvier dredged from an area off the south coast of the Isle of Man indicate that the species has an annual life-cycle similar to that of many dorid nudibranchs. The ovotestis communicates with the anterior genital mass through numbers of collecting tubules which unite to form a stout hermaphrodite duct. This duct functions as a vesicula seminalis in adult specimens; spermatozoa stored here are physiologically immature. The hermaphrodite duct bifurcates to form male and female ducts; the region of the bifurcation forms a valve ensuring that oocytes shall not enter the purely male regions of the genital system during oviposition. The male duct is the glandular and muscular vas deferens which connects with the base of the protrusible penis. The oviduct opens into the lumen of the mucus-gland. A region of convoluted tubules close to the point of the opening of the oviduct into the mucus-gland is the albumen-gland. The bursa copulatrix is a blind tubular invagination of the lateral body-wall which in mature specimens stores spermatozoa received at copulation. There are thus three external genital openings. Copulation is almost invariably reciprocal, the penis of each individual being inserted into the bursa copulatrix of the other. Secretions from the glandular linings of the bursa and of the vas deferens render spermatozoa exchanged at copulation physiologically mature; they are active and capable of fertilizing oocytes. At oviposition oocytes are expelled from the ovotestis and transported by cilia to the main hermaphrodite duct. They then travel (through the dense masses of spermatozoa in this duct) along a narrow longitudinal ciliated tract of lining epithelium; this phenomenon was clearly observed in vivisected individuals. At the hermaphrodite valve the oocytes are deflected into the oviduct and are carried by cilia into the mucusgland. In the lumen of this organ they meet active ‘foreign’ spermatozoa which have made their way from the bursa copulatrix. The oocytes and spermatozoa are now conducted along a tortuous predetermined ciliary path through the albumen-gland (where the primary egg-cases are secreted and where fertilization occurs), and then through the peripheral tubules of the mucus-gland (where successive mucous coats are added). The completed egg-string is expelled through the external female aperture and forms a ribbon which is attached to the substratum by pressure of the parent's foot upon it. Active spermatozoa may be observed moving within the primary egg-cases for some days after oviposition.

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